轉載: https://www.cnblogs.com/Moosdau/archive/2009/10/16/1584627.html
ZPL(Zebra Programming Language) 是斑馬公司(做條碼打印機的公司)自己設計的語言, 由於斑馬打印機是如此普遍, 以至於據我所見所知, 條碼打印機全部都是斑馬的, 所以控制條碼打印機幾乎就變成了對ZPL的使用.
總的邏輯分為以下兩步:
(1)編寫ZPL指令
(2)把ZPL作為C#的字符串, 由C#把它送至連接打印機的端口.
namespace Barcode_Print { /// <summary> /// 本類使用說明： /// 將一行ZPL指令作為string參數傳給write函數即可 /// </summary> class LPTControl { [StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)] private struct OVERLAPPED { int Internal; int InternalHigh; int Offset; int OffSetHigh; int hEvent; } [DllImport("kernel32.dll")] private static extern int CreateFile( string lpFileName, uint dwDesiredAccess, int dwShareMode, int lpSecurityAttributes, int dwCreationDisposition, int dwFlagsAndAttributes, int hTemplateFile ); [DllImport("kernel32.dll")] private static extern bool WriteFile( int hFile, byte[] lpBuffer, int nNumberOfBytesToWrite, out int lpNumberOfBytesWritten, out OVERLAPPED lpOverlapped ); [DllImport("kernel32.dll")] private static extern bool CloseHandle( int hObject ); private int iHandle; public bool Open() { iHandle = CreateFile("lpt1", 0x40000000, 0, 0, 3, 0, 0); if (iHandle != -1) { return true; } else { return false; } } public bool Write(String Mystring) { if (iHandle != -1) { int i; OVERLAPPED x; byte[] mybyte = System.Text.Encoding.Default.GetBytes(Mystring); return WriteFile(iHandle, mybyte, mybyte.Length, out i, out x); } else { throw new Exception("端口未打開!"); } } public bool Close() { return CloseHandle(iHandle); } } }
這個類封裝了對並口的操作, 它的使用方法為:
LPTControl lpt = new LPTControl(); string cmd = "^XA ^MD30^LH60,10^FO20,10^ACN,18,10^BY1.4,3,50^BC,,Y,N^FD01008D004Q-0^FS^XZ"; if (!lpt.Open()) { Response.Write("未能連接打印機，請確認打印機是否安裝正確並接通電源。"); return; } lpt.Write(cmd); if (!lpt.Close()) { if (!lpt.Open()) { Response.Write("未能連接打印機，請確認打印機是否安裝正確並接通電源。"); return; } }
其中, cmd即是構造好的ZPL指令.
現在來看一段示意ZPL指令.
^XA ^MD30 ^LH60,10 ^FO20,10 ^ACN,18,10 ^BY1.4,3,50 ^BC,,Y,N ^FD01008D004Q-0^FS ^XZ
這是一段能夠實際執行的指令串, 下面逐行解釋.
第一句^XA和最后一句^XZ分別代表一個指令塊的開始和結束, 是固定的東西.
^MD是設置色帶顏色的深度, 取值范圍從-30到30, 上面的示意指令將顏色調到了最深.
^LH是設置條碼紙的邊距的, 這個東西在實際操作上來回試幾次即可.
^FO是設置條碼左上角的位置的, 這個對程序員應該很容易理解. 0,0 代表完全不留邊距.
^ACN是設置字體的. 因為在條碼下方會顯示該條碼的內容, 所以這里要設一下字體. 這個字體跟條碼無關.
^BY是設置條碼樣式的, 這是最重要的一個東西, 1.4是條碼的縮放級別, 這個數值下打出的條碼很小, 3是條碼中粗細柱的比例, 50是條碼高度.
^BC是打印code128的指令, 具體參數詳見ZPL的說明書.
^FD設置要打印的內容, ^FS表示換行.
所以上述語句最終的效果就是打印出一個值為01008D004Q-0的條碼, 高度為50.
以上可以看出, ZPL的指令方式很簡單, 實際上, 如果打印要求不復雜的話, 基本上也就用得上上述的幾個指令了,
其它的指令雖然很多, 但是基本上可以無視.
其實即使要打圖形之類的東西, 也並不復雜, 例如GB可以打印出來一個邊框, GC打印一個圓圈等. 其它的自定義圖案需要先把圖案上傳至打印機,
指令部分只要選擇已上傳的圖案, 選擇方式跟上面的字體選擇類似, 也很簡單.
在實踐中, 常常會需要一次橫打兩張, 其實可以把一排的兩張想像成一張, 只要把FO的橫坐標設置得大一些就行了.
具體的指令詳細解釋, 及要實現其它功能, 可下載 ZPL II Programming Guide, 這本書寫得非常詳細. (如鏈接不能下載, google書名即可)
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將指令發送到打印機的代碼， 上述做法僅限於打印機在本地，且接在並口1上面，如果打印機在遠程， 或者打印機不是並口的， 可以通過驅動程序來發送指令。
這要求首先在操作系統中裝好打印機驅動，調試無誤以后， 記錄下驅動中打印機的名稱， 然后向此打印機發送指令， 與打印機驅動通信的類如下：
public class RemotePrinter { // Structure and API declarions: [StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential, CharSet = CharSet.Ansi)] public class DOCINFOA { [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPStr)] public string pDocName; [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPStr)] public string pOutputFile; [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPStr)] public string pDataType; } [DllImport("winspool.Drv", EntryPoint = "OpenPrinterA", SetLastError = true, CharSet = CharSet.Ansi, ExactSpelling = true, CallingConvention = CallingConvention.StdCall)] public static extern bool OpenPrinter([MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPStr)] string szPrinter, out IntPtr hPrinter, IntPtr pd); [DllImport("winspool.Drv", EntryPoint = "ClosePrinter", SetLastError = true, ExactSpelling = true, CallingConvention = CallingConvention.StdCall)] public static extern bool ClosePrinter(IntPtr hPrinter); [DllImport("winspool.Drv", EntryPoint = "StartDocPrinterA", SetLastError = true, CharSet = CharSet.Ansi, ExactSpelling = true, CallingConvention = CallingConvention.StdCall)] public static extern bool StartDocPrinter(IntPtr hPrinter, Int32 level, [In, MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPStruct)] DOCINFOA di); [DllImport("winspool.Drv", EntryPoint = "EndDocPrinter", SetLastError = true, ExactSpelling = true, CallingConvention = CallingConvention.StdCall)] public static extern bool EndDocPrinter(IntPtr hPrinter); [DllImport("winspool.Drv", EntryPoint = "StartPagePrinter", SetLastError = true, ExactSpelling = true, CallingConvention = CallingConvention.StdCall)] public static extern bool StartPagePrinter(IntPtr hPrinter); [DllImport("winspool.Drv", EntryPoint = "EndPagePrinter", SetLastError = true, ExactSpelling = true, CallingConvention = CallingConvention.StdCall)] public static extern bool EndPagePrinter(IntPtr hPrinter); [DllImport("winspool.Drv", EntryPoint = "WritePrinter", SetLastError = true, ExactSpelling = true, CallingConvention = CallingConvention.StdCall)] public static extern bool WritePrinter(IntPtr hPrinter, IntPtr pBytes, Int32 dwCount, out Int32 dwWritten); // SendBytesToPrinter() // When the function is given a printer name and an unmanaged array // of bytes, the function sends those bytes to the print queue. // Returns true on success, false on failure. public static bool SendBytesToPrinter(string szPrinterName, IntPtr pBytes, Int32 dwCount) { Int32 dwError = 0, dwWritten = 0; IntPtr hPrinter = new IntPtr(0); DOCINFOA di = new DOCINFOA(); bool bSuccess = false; // Assume failure unless you specifically succeed. di.pDocName = "My C#.NET RAW Document"; di.pDataType = "RAW"; // Open the printer. if (OpenPrinter(szPrinterName.Normalize(), out hPrinter, IntPtr.Zero)) { // Start a document. if (StartDocPrinter(hPrinter, 1, di)) { // Start a page. if (StartPagePrinter(hPrinter)) { // Write your bytes. bSuccess = WritePrinter(hPrinter, pBytes, dwCount, out dwWritten); EndPagePrinter(hPrinter); } EndDocPrinter(hPrinter); } ClosePrinter(hPrinter); } // If you did not succeed, GetLastError may give more information // about why not. if (bSuccess == false) { dwError = Marshal.GetLastWin32Error(); } return bSuccess; } public static bool SendFileToPrinter(string szPrinterName, string szFileName) { // Open the file. FileStream fs = new FileStream(szFileName, FileMode.Open); // Create a BinaryReader on the file. BinaryReader br = new BinaryReader(fs); // Dim an array of bytes big enough to hold the file's contents. Byte[] bytes = new Byte[fs.Length]; bool bSuccess = false; // Your unmanaged pointer. IntPtr pUnmanagedBytes = new IntPtr(0); int nLength; nLength = Convert.ToInt32(fs.Length); // Read the contents of the file into the array. bytes = br.ReadBytes(nLength); // Allocate some unmanaged memory for those bytes. pUnmanagedBytes = Marshal.AllocCoTaskMem(nLength); // Copy the managed byte array into the unmanaged array. Marshal.Copy(bytes, 0, pUnmanagedBytes, nLength); // Send the unmanaged bytes to the printer. bSuccess = SendBytesToPrinter(szPrinterName, pUnmanagedBytes, nLength); // Free the unmanaged memory that you allocated earlier. Marshal.FreeCoTaskMem(pUnmanagedBytes); return bSuccess; } public static bool SendStringToPrinter(string szPrinterName, string szString) { IntPtr pBytes; Int32 dwCount; // How many characters are in the string? dwCount = szString.Length; // Assume that the printer is expecting ANSI text, and then convert // the string to ANSI text. pBytes = Marshal.StringToCoTaskMemAnsi(szString); // Send the converted ANSI string to the printer. SendBytesToPrinter(szPrinterName, pBytes, dwCount); Marshal.FreeCoTaskMem(pBytes); return true; } }
// 在調用時， 只要調用RemotePrinter.SendStringToPrinter方法即可， 第一個參數是打印機的名稱（驅動中顯示的名稱）， 第二個參數是命令。