傳參類型說明:
in: 是參數的默認模式,這種模式就是在程序運行的時候已經具有值,在程序體中值不會改變。
out: 模式定義的參數只能在過程體內部賦值,表示該參數可以將某個值傳遞回調用他的過程。簡單說:out參數在調用的時候,不需要傳入參數(嘗試傳入會報錯),不需要rutrun該參數,function結束會自動返回該out參數。
in out: 表示參數可以向該過程中傳遞值,也可以將某個值傳出去。簡單說:傳參要指定對應參數,結束的時候,還需要專門當out參數去獲取。
這里是以類PG數據庫做的實驗,本質基本相同:
1.創建類型、數組類型:
DROP TABLE test_type CASCADE ; DROP TYPE test_type CASCADE ; CREATE type test_type as ( id INT, info varchar(32) ); DROP TYPE test_type_Array; CREATE TYPE test_type_Array AS TABLE OF test_type;
2.創建測試表,填充測試數據:
DROP TABLE test; CREATE TABLE test(id VARCHAR(32), info varchar(32), crt_time TIMESTAMP); INSERT INTO test values('1', 'test1', now()); INSERT INTO test values('1', 'test11', now()); INSERT INTO test values('2', 'test2', now());
3.創建四個function,分別測試簡單類型和對象類型(這里創建數組來測試):
/* * 測試簡單類型的in out參數使用,參數需要指定,結果需要當做out參數獲取* * exp:v_info := test_fnc(v_record_id, v_info); */ CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION test_fnc(id VARCHAR(32), info IN OUT varchar(32)) RETURNS varchar(32) AS $$ BEGIN info := info|| '_connect_' || id; raise notice 'info is: %', info; END $$ LANGUAGE plsql; /* * 測試簡單類型的out參數使用,參數不需要指定,結果需要獲取* * exp:v_info := test_fnc2(v_record_id); */ CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION test_fnc2(id VARCHAR(32), info OUT varchar(32)) RETURNS varchar(32) AS $$ BEGIN info := info|| '_connect_' || id; raise notice 'info is: %', info; END $$ LANGUAGE plsql; /* * 測試數組類型的in out參數使用,參數需要指定,結果需要當做out參數獲取* * exp:test_A := test_array_fnc(v_record_id, test_A); */ CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION test_array_fnc(v_id VARCHAR(32), test_A IN OUT test_type_Array) RETURNS test_type_Array AS $$ DECLARE v_num int; one_type_value test_type; CURSOR test_values IS SELECT * FROM test WHERE id = v_id; BEGIN v_num := 1; FOR one_value IN test_values LOOP one_type_value.id := one_value.id; one_type_value.info := one_value.info; test_A.extend; test_A(v_num) := one_type_value; raise notice 'v_num is: %', v_num; raise notice 'test_A.count is: %', test_A.count; v_num := v_num + 1; END LOOP; END $$ LANGUAGE plsql; /* * 測試數組類型的out參數使用,參數不需要指定,結果需要獲取* * exp:test_A := test_array_fnc2(v_record_id); */ CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION test_array_fnc2(v_id VARCHAR(32), test_A OUT test_type_Array) RETURNS test_type_Array AS $$ DECLARE v_num int; one_type_value test_type; CURSOR test_values IS SELECT * FROM test WHERE id = v_id; BEGIN v_num := 1; test_A := test_type_Array(); FOR one_value IN test_values LOOP one_type_value.id := one_value.id; one_type_value.info := one_value.info; test_A.extend; test_A(v_num) := one_type_value; raise notice 'v_num is: %', v_num; raise notice 'test_A.count is: %', test_A.count; v_num := v_num + 1; END LOOP; END $$ LANGUAGE plsql;
4.在匿名塊中測試:
DO $BODY$ DECLARE test_A test_type_Array; v_record_id varchar(32); v_info varchar(32); BEGIN v_record_id := '1'; raise notice 'test object, like array. must use "in out":'; test_A := test_type_Array(); test_A := test_array_fnc(v_record_id, test_A); raise notice 'out: test_A.count is: %', test_A.count; raise notice ''; raise notice 'execute again, the object value will in the function:'; test_A := test_array_fnc(v_record_id, test_A); raise notice 'out: test_A.count is: %', test_A.count; --NOTICE:這樣的用法,不會因為是in out參數而直接給參數賦值,相當於只是將參數傳遞進去了 raise notice ''; raise notice 'do not get the result:'; test_array_fnc(v_record_id, test_A); raise notice 'out: test_A.count is: %', test_A.count; raise notice ''; raise notice 'test object, like array. use "out":'; test_A := test_array_fnc2(v_record_id); raise notice 'out: test_A.count is: %', test_A.count; v_info := 'init'; raise notice ''; raise notice 'test vachar, use "in out":'; v_info := test_fnc(v_record_id, v_info); raise notice 'out: test_fnc: v_info is: %', v_info; raise notice ''; raise notice 'test varchar, just use "out":'; v_info := test_fnc2(v_record_id); raise notice 'out: test_fnc2: v_info is: %', v_info; END $BODY$
5.測試結果:
test object, like array. must use "in out": v_num is: 1 test_A.count is: 1 v_num is: 2 test_A.count is: 2 out: test_A.count is: 2 execute again, the object value will in the function: v_num is: 1 test_A.count is: 3 v_num is: 2 test_A.count is: 4 out: test_A.count is: 4
--上面可以看出,傳入和傳出都獲取了相應的值。 do not get the result: v_num is: 1 test_A.count is: 5 v_num is: 2 test_A.count is: 6 out: test_A.count is: 4 test object, like array. use "out": v_num is: 1 test_A.count is: 1 v_num is: 2 test_A.count is: 2 out: test_A.count is: 2
--在里面做了初始化,傳出值直接獲取 test vachar, use "in out": info is: init_connect_1 out: test_fnc: v_info is: init_connect_1 test varchar, just use "out": info is: _connect_1 out: test_fnc2: v_info is: _connect_1
6.附加:Is table of:原生的使用方法,不需要轉為數組和游標進行處理
--創建測試對象
DROP TYPE test_ty CASCADE ; DROP TYPE test_ty_Array CASCADE ; CREATE TYPE test_ty AS ( id int, name varchar(32), birthday timestamp ); CREATE type test_ty_Array as table of test_ty ;
--使用is table of直接使用,需要注意兩個地方:
--1)需要對數組進行實例化。
--2)使用時,如果往里面加對象,需要先extend
DO $$ DECLARE ret_array test_ty_Array; one_row test_ty; idx int; CURSOR ret_cur IS SELECT * FROM test; BEGIN idx := 1; ret_array := test_ty_Array(); FOR one_ret IN ret_cur loop raise notice 'id is: %, name is: %, birthday is: %', one_ret.id, one_ret.name, one_ret.birthday; one_row.id := one_ret.id; one_row.name := one_ret.name; one_row.birthday := one_ret.birthday; ret_array.extend; ret_array(idx) := one_row; idx := idx + 1; END LOOP; raise notice '---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------'; FOR idx IN 1..ret_array.count loop one_row = ret_array(idx); raise notice 'idx: %, --> id is: %, name is: %, birthday is: %', idx, one_row.id, one_row.name, one_row.birthday; END loop; END $$