安裝mysql5.7以及相關環境配置
檢查是否自帶mysql和mariadb，並卸載
rpm -qa|grep mysql //rpm -e --nodeps mysql-libs-5.1.52-1.el6_0.1.x86_64
[root@localhost ~]# rpm -qa|grep mariadb
mariadb-libs-5.5.60-1.el7_5.x86_64
//卸載
[root@localhost ~]# rpm -e --nodeps mysql-libs-5.1.52-1.el6_0.1.x86_64
[root@localhost ~]# rpm -e --nodeps mariadb-libs-5.5.60-1.el7_5.x86_64
下載地址：https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/mysql/5.7.html#downloads
選擇版本后下載，然后上傳到服務器解壓
解壓：
tar -xzvf mysql....tar.gz
移動並重命名mysql
[root@localhost ~]# mv mysql-5.7.32-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 /usr/local/mysql-5.7.32
創建用戶組
[root@localhost mysql-5.7.32]# groupadd mysql
[root@localhost mysql-5.7.32]# useradd -r -g mysql mysql
[root@localhost mysql-5.7.32]# chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql-5.7.32/
添加mysql服務：
cp /usr/local/mysql-5.7.29/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysql
修改/etc/init.d/mysql
basedir=/usr/local/mysql-5.7.32
datadir=/usr/local/mysql-5.7.32/data
創建my_default.conf
路徑：/usr/local/mysql-5.7.32/support-files
[mysqld]
#設置mysql的安裝目錄
basedir = /usr/local/mysql-5.7.32
#設置mysql數據庫的數據存放目錄
datadir = /usr/local/mysql-5.7.32/data
#設置端口
port = 3306
explicit_defaults_for_timestamp=true
socket = /tmp/mysql.sock
#設置字符集
character-set-server=utf8
#日志存放目錄
log-error = /usr/local/mysql-5.7.32/data/mysqld.log
pid-file = /usr/local/mysql-5.7.32/data/mysqld.pid
#允許時間類型的數據為零(去掉NO_ZERO_IN_DATE,NO_ZERO_DATE)
sql_mode=STRICT_TRANS_TABLES,NO_ZERO_IN_DATE,NO_ZERO_DATE,ERROR_FOR_DIVISION_BY_ZERO,NO_AUTO_CREATE_USER,NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION
#ONLY_FULL_GROUP_BY,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES,NO_ZERO_IN_DATE,NO_ZERO_DATE,ERROR_FOR_DIVISION_BY_ZERO,NO_AUTO_CREATE_USER,NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION
然后把my_default.conf文件復制並該文件名為/etc/my.cnf
sql_mode:
STRICT_TRANS_TABLES,NO_ZERO_IN_DATE,NO_ZERO_DATE,ERROR_FOR_DIVISION_BY_ZERO,NO_AUTO_CREATE_USER,NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION
初始配置
[root@localhost mysql-5.7.32]# ./bin/mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql-5.7.32/ --datadir=/usr/local/mysql-5.7.32/data/
查看日志：
[root@localhost data]# cat mysqld.log
2020-11-13T05:02:37.425129Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: New log files created, LSN=45790
2020-11-13T05:02:37.488867Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: Creating foreign key constraint system tables.
2020-11-13T05:02:37.556845Z 0 [Warning] No existing UUID has been found, so we assume that this is the first time that this server has been started. Generating a new UUID: 72f9cbb2-256d-11eb-8976-000c29c5f1de.
2020-11-13T05:02:37.557795Z 0 [Warning] Gtid table is not ready to be used. Table 'mysql.gtid_executed' cannot be opened.
2020-11-13T05:02:38.304828Z 0 [Warning] CA certificate ca.pem is self signed.
2020-11-13T05:02:38.485332Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: TPFUIjwa+4T-
[root@localhost data]# pwd
/usr/local/mysql-5.7.32/data
把啟動腳本放到開機初始化目錄
cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysql
啟動mysql
[root@localhost init.d]# service mysql start
Starting MySQL. SUCCESS!
修改mysql5.7 root密碼：
已知密碼：
[root@localhost mysql-5.7.32]# ./bin/mysql -uroot -p
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
不修改密碼的話會報錯，必須先修改密碼：alter user 'root'@'localhost' identified by 'poiuzxcv0987';
mysql> use mysql
ERROR 1820 (HY000): You must reset your password using ALTER USER statement before executing this statement.
mysql> update user set authentication_string=password('poiuzxcv0987') where user='root';
ERROR 1046 (3D000): No database selected
mysql> use mysql;
ERROR 1820 (HY000): You must reset your password using ALTER USER statement before executing this statement.
mysql> update mysql.user set authentication_string=password('poiuzxcv0987') where user='root';
ERROR 1820 (HY000): You must reset your password using ALTER USER statement before executing this statement.
mysql> alter user 'root'@'localhost' identified by 'poiuzxcv0987';
在修改密碼過程中，如果密碼過於簡單也會報錯的，我們可以修改：`validate_password_length` (密碼長度)參數默認為8，我們修改為1
validate_password_policy:參數0表示長度驗證，參數1或者medium·表示大寫或小寫和特殊字符。，參數2或者STRONG，表示長度，大寫或者小寫和特殊字符，文件名稱
默認是1，即MEDIUM，所以要求，帶線密碼長度必須符合長度，含數字和小寫或者大寫
set global validate_password_policy=0;
// 設置密碼長度為1
set global validate_password_length=1;
修改密碼：
mysql> alter user 'root'@'localhost' identified by 'poiuzxcv0987';