一朋友在升級SQL Server 2014后， SQL Server啟動不了，尋求我的幫助。檢查SQL Server 2014的錯誤日志，具體錯誤信息如下：
2020-11-08 10:00:58.28 spid8s Dropping procedure [dbo].[sp_syscollector_upload_instmdw]
2020-11-08 10:00:58.28 spid8s Creating procedure [dbo].[sp_syscollector_upload_instmdw]...
2020-11-08 10:00:58.28 spid8s Uploading data collector package from disk: C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft SQL Server\MSSQL12.MSSQLSERVER\MSSQL\Install\SqlTraceCollect.dtsx
2020-11-08 10:00:58.28 spid8s Uploading data collector package from disk: C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft SQL Server\MSSQL12.MSSQLSERVER\MSSQL\Install\SqlTraceCollect.dtsx
2020-11-08 10:00:58.29 spid8s Error: 2775, Severity: 17, State: 12.
2020-11-08 10:00:58.29 spid8s The code page 65001 is not supported by the server.
2020-11-08 10:00:58.30 spid8s Error: 912, Severity: 21, State: 2.
2020-11-08 10:00:58.30 spid8s Script level upgrade for database 'master' failed because upgrade step 'msdb110_upgrade.sql' encountered error 200, state 7, severity 25. This is a serious error condition which might interfere with regular operation and the database will be taken offline. If the error happened during upgrade of the 'master' database, it will prevent the entire SQL Server instance from starting. Examine the previous errorlog entries for errors, take the appropriate corrective actions and re-start the database so that the script upgrade steps run to completion.
2020-11-08 10:00:58.31 spid8s Error: 3417, Severity: 21, State: 3.
2020-11-08 10:00:58.31 spid8s Cannot recover the master database. SQL Server is unable to run. Restore master from a full backup, repair it, or rebuild it. For more information about how to rebuild the master database, see SQL Server Books Online.
2020-11-08 10:00:58.31 spid8s SQL Server shutdown has been initiated
2020-11-08 10:00:58.31 spid8s SQL Trace was stopped due to server shutdown. Trace ID = '1'. This is an informational message only; no user action is required.
解決問題：
剛開始我以為是SQL Server升級過程中遇到錯誤，后面仔細檢查錯誤日志，發現我忽略了一個重要的錯誤信息“The code page 65001 is not supported by the server.”，code page 65001對應的編碼為UTF-8，而數據庫排序規則為Chinese_PRC_CI_AS，對應的code page為936。原來這台SQL Server 數據庫服務器的操作系統為Windows 10（個人還從未在Windows 10上安裝過SQL Server，不得不說，千奇百怪的環境總會帶來千奇百怪的問題！！）， 而它的服務器的“區域設置”勾選了支持UTF-8編碼，所以只需在 ControlPanel -> Region -> Administrative -> Change System Locale 下取消如下截圖的選項，重啟服務器后，問題解決。
