python post請求，application/x-www-form-urlencoded格式，提交數據key、val均需URL轉碼

今天研究一個接口，post請求，application/x-www-form-urlencoded格式 --表單形式提交

1、application/x-www-form-urlencoded

1）瀏覽器的原生form表單
2） 提交的數據按照 key1=val1&key2=val2 的方式進行編碼，key和val都進行了URL轉碼

POST [http://www.example.com](http://www.example.com) HTTP/1.1 Content-Type: application/x-[www-form-urlencoded](http://www-form-urlencoded);charset=utf-8 title=test&sub%5B%5D=1&sub%5B%5D=2&sub%5B%5D=3 

2. 接口相關內容：

 

fiddler抓包，

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

postman正常請求成功，fiddler抓包，參數如上所示；raw 中可看到，已 進行了 轉碼

python代碼如下：

urlq = "http://xx.xx.xx.xxx:xxxx/ncmisservice/contract/creditContract/callbackYZ"
headers = {"Content-Type":"application/x-www-form-urlencoded"}
data = {
        "serno": "10000320042201578",
        "prdCode": "YGYZD",
        "contracts": [{
                "pdfFileId": "b4f1b909ba4711e982ec00163e0cdd78",
                "signDt": "2019-08-26 15:18:22",
                "contractName": "xxxx授信合同",
                "contNo": "30010320042201133",
                "contTyp": "01"
        }],
        "legalInfo": {
                "legalPhone": "15810145528",
                "openingBank": "招商銀行",
                "cardNumber": "23423423647",
                "bankMobileNumber": "15810145528"
        }
}
data['serno'] = '10000320120338114'
data['contracts'][0]['contNo'] = '3'

#youzanShouxinContract = json.dumps(youzanShouxinContract)
redata = {
    "serviceId":'contractsInfo',
    "data": data
}
redata = json.dumps(redata) #dict 轉成 json
print(type(redata),redata)
re = requests.post(url=urlq, headers=headers, data=redata)
但是發現不通。通過fiddler抓包，參數如下:
 

 

 

 

 代碼一直不通，一直給錯誤提示，如下：

 

 一直在提示 必填字符data 不存在。無論是將data單獨轉成json 字符串，還是redata整體轉成json 字符串，都不行。 

知識點：dict 字典轉json字符串：redata = json.dumps(redata) 

后來，終於找到了一種可以的。 redata整體進行轉義：redata = urlencode(redata)  ---關鍵點

代碼如下：

from urllib.parse import urlencode

urlq = "http://xx.xx.xx.xxx:xxxx/ncmisservice/contract/creditContract/callbackYZ"
headers = {"Content-Type":"application/x-www-form-urlencoded"}
data = {
        "serno": "10000320042201578",
        "prdCode": "YGYZD",
        "contracts": [{
                "pdfFileId": "b4f1b909ba4711e982ec00163e0cdd78",
                "signDt": "2019-08-26 15:18:22",
                "contractName": "xxxx貸授信合同",
                "contNo": "30010320042201133",
                "contTyp": "01"
        }],
        "legalInfo": {
                "legalPhone": "15810145528",
                "openingBank": "招商銀行",
                "cardNumber": "23423423647",
                "bankMobileNumber": "15810145528"
        }
}
data['serno'] = '10000320120338114'
data['contracts'][0]['contNo'] = '3'
redata = {
    "serviceId":'contractsInfo',
    "data": data
}
redata = urlencode(redata)     #key關鍵點
print(type(redata),redata)
re = requests.post(url=urlq, headers=headers, data=redata)
python代碼再次運行，成功。

關鍵點：表單提交，即application/x-www-form-urlencoded 這種請求方式，
表單提交的數據，按照key1=val1&key2=val2 的方式進行編碼，
key和val都進行 URL轉碼。

redata = urlencode(redata)