SpringBoot實現定時任務的動態創建、啟動、暫停、恢復、刪除。

在spring boot項目中，可以通過@EnableScheduling注解和@Scheduled注解實現定時任務，也可以通過SchedulingConfigurer接口來實現定時任務。但是這兩種方式不能動態添加、刪除、啟動、停止任務。

要實現動態增刪啟停定時任務功能，比較廣泛的做法是集成Quartz框架。但是本人的開發原則是：在滿足項目需求的情況下，盡量少的依賴其它框架，避免項目過於臃腫和復雜。

查看spring-context這個jar包中org.springframework.scheduling.ScheduledTaskRegistrar這個類的源代碼，發現可以通過改造這個類就能實現動態增刪啟停定時任務功能。

 

 

 

定時任務列表頁

定時任務執行日志

添加執行定時任務的線程池配置類

@Configuration
public class SchedulingConfig {
    @Bean
    public TaskScheduler taskScheduler() {
        ThreadPoolTaskScheduler taskScheduler = new ThreadPoolTaskScheduler();
        // 定時任務執行線程池核心線程數
        taskScheduler.setPoolSize(4);
        taskScheduler.setRemoveOnCancelPolicy(true);
        taskScheduler.setThreadNamePrefix("TaskSchedulerThreadPool-");
        return taskScheduler;
    }
}

添加ScheduledFuture的包裝類。ScheduledFuture是ScheduledExecutorService定時任務線程池的執行結果。

public final class ScheduledTask {

    volatile ScheduledFuture<?> future;

    /**
     * 取消定時任務
     */
    public void cancel() {
        ScheduledFuture<?> future = this.future;
        if (future != null) {
            future.cancel(true);
        }
    }
}

添加Runnable接口實現類，被定時任務線程池調用，用來執行指定bean里面的方法。

public class SchedulingRunnable implements Runnable {

    private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(SchedulingRunnable.class);

    private String beanName;

    private String methodName;

    private String params;

    public SchedulingRunnable(String beanName, String methodName) {
        this(beanName, methodName, null);
    }

    public SchedulingRunnable(String beanName, String methodName, String params) {
        this.beanName = beanName;
        this.methodName = methodName;
        this.params = params;
    }

    @Override
    public void run() {
        logger.info("定時任務開始執行 - bean：{}，方法：{}，參數：{}", beanName, methodName, params);
        long startTime = System.currentTimeMillis();

        try {
            Object target = SpringContextUtils.getBean(beanName);

            Method method = null;
            if (StringUtils.isNotEmpty(params)) {
                method = target.getClass().getDeclaredMethod(methodName, String.class);
            } else {
                method = target.getClass().getDeclaredMethod(methodName);
            }

            ReflectionUtils.makeAccessible(method);
            if (StringUtils.isNotEmpty(params)) {
                method.invoke(target, params);
            } else {
                method.invoke(target);
            }
        } catch (Exception ex) {
            logger.error(String.format("定時任務執行異常 - bean：%s，方法：%s，參數：%s ", beanName, methodName, params), ex);
        }

        long times = System.currentTimeMillis() - startTime;
        logger.info("定時任務執行結束 - bean：{}，方法：{}，參數：{}，耗時：{} 毫秒", beanName, methodName, params, times);
    }

    @Override
    public boolean equals(Object o) {
        if (this == o) return true;
        if (o == null || getClass() != o.getClass()) return false;
        SchedulingRunnable that = (SchedulingRunnable) o;
        if (params == null) {
            return beanName.equals(that.beanName) &&
                    methodName.equals(that.methodName) &&
                    that.params == null;
        }

        return beanName.equals(that.beanName) &&
                methodName.equals(that.methodName) &&
                params.equals(that.params);
    }

    @Override
    public int hashCode() {
        if (params == null) {
            return Objects.hash(beanName, methodName);
        }

        return Objects.hash(beanName, methodName, params);
    }
}

添加定時任務注冊類，用來增加、刪除定時任務。

@Component
public class CronTaskRegistrar implements DisposableBean {

    private final Map<Runnable, ScheduledTask> scheduledTasks = new ConcurrentHashMap<>(16);

    @Autowired
    private TaskScheduler taskScheduler;

    public TaskScheduler getScheduler() {
        return this.taskScheduler;
    }

    public void addCronTask(Runnable task, String cronExpression) {
        addCronTask(new CronTask(task, cronExpression));
    }

    public void addCronTask(CronTask cronTask) {
        if (cronTask != null) {
            Runnable task = cronTask.getRunnable();
            if (this.scheduledTasks.containsKey(task)) {
                removeCronTask(task);
            }

            this.scheduledTasks.put(task, scheduleCronTask(cronTask));
        }
    }

    public void removeCronTask(Runnable task) {
        ScheduledTask scheduledTask = this.scheduledTasks.remove(task);
        if (scheduledTask != null)
            scheduledTask.cancel();
    }

    public ScheduledTask scheduleCronTask(CronTask cronTask) {
        ScheduledTask scheduledTask = new ScheduledTask();
        scheduledTask.future = this.taskScheduler.schedule(cronTask.getRunnable(), cronTask.getTrigger());

        return scheduledTask;
    }


    @Override
    public void destroy() {
        for (ScheduledTask task : this.scheduledTasks.values()) {
            task.cancel();
        }

        this.scheduledTasks.clear();
    }
}

添加定時任務示例類

@Component("demoTask")
public class DemoTask {
    public void taskWithParams(String params) {
        System.out.println("執行有參示例任務：" + params);
    }

    public void taskNoParams() {
        System.out.println("執行無參示例任務");
    }
}

定時任務數據庫表設計

 

 添加定時任務實體類

public class SysJobPO {
    /**
     * 任務ID
     */
    private Integer jobId;
    /**
     * bean名稱
     */
    private String beanName;
    /**
     * 方法名稱
     */
    private String methodName;
    /**
     * 方法參數
     */
    private String methodParams;
    /**
     * cron表達式
     */
    private String cronExpression;
    /**
     * 狀態（1正常 0暫停）
     */
    private Integer jobStatus;
    /**
     * 備注
     */
    private String remark;
    /**
     * 創建時間
     */
    private Date createTime;
    /**
     * 更新時間
     */
    private Date updateTime;

    public Integer getJobId() {
        return jobId;
    }

    public void setJobId(Integer jobId) {
        this.jobId = jobId;
    }

    public String getBeanName() {
        return beanName;
    }

    public void setBeanName(String beanName) {
        this.beanName = beanName;
    }

    public String getMethodName() {
        return methodName;
    }

    public void setMethodName(String methodName) {
        this.methodName = methodName;
    }

    public String getMethodParams() {
        return methodParams;
    }

    public void setMethodParams(String methodParams) {
        this.methodParams = methodParams;
    }

    public String getCronExpression() {
        return cronExpression;
    }

    public void setCronExpression(String cronExpression) {
        this.cronExpression = cronExpression;
    }

    public Integer getJobStatus() {
        return jobStatus;
    }

    public void setJobStatus(Integer jobStatus) {
        this.jobStatus = jobStatus;
    }

    public String getRemark() {
        return remark;
    }

    public void setRemark(String remark) {
        this.remark = remark;
    }

    public Date getCreateTime() {
        return createTime;
    }

    public void setCreateTime(Date createTime) {
        this.createTime = createTime;
    }

    public Date getUpdateTime() {
        return updateTime;
    }

    public void setUpdateTime(Date updateTime) {
        this.updateTime = updateTime;
    }

}

新增定時任務

 

boolean success = sysJobRepository.addSysJob(sysJob);
if (!success)
    return OperationResUtils.fail("新增失敗");
else {
    if (sysJob.getJobStatus().equals(SysJobStatus.NORMAL.ordinal())) {
        SchedulingRunnable task = new SchedulingRunnable(sysJob.getBeanName(), sysJob.getMethodName(), sysJob.getMethodParams());
        cronTaskRegistrar.addCronTask(task, sysJob.getCronExpression());
    }
}

return OperationResUtils.success();

修改定時任務，先移除原來的任務，再啟動新任務

boolean success = sysJobRepository.editSysJob(sysJob);
if (!success)
    return OperationResUtils.fail("編輯失敗");
else {
    //先移除再添加
    if (existedSysJob.getJobStatus().equals(SysJobStatus.NORMAL.ordinal())) {
        SchedulingRunnable task = new SchedulingRunnable(existedSysJob.getBeanName(), existedSysJob.getMethodName(), existedSysJob.getMethodParams());
        cronTaskRegistrar.removeCronTask(task);
    }

    if (sysJob.getJobStatus().equals(SysJobStatus.NORMAL.ordinal())) {
        SchedulingRunnable task = new SchedulingRunnable(sysJob.getBeanName(), sysJob.getMethodName(), sysJob.getMethodParams());
        cronTaskRegistrar.addCronTask(task, sysJob.getCronExpression());
    }
}

return OperationResUtils.success();

刪除定時任務

boolean success = sysJobRepository.deleteSysJobById(req.getJobId());
if (!success)
    return OperationResUtils.fail("刪除失敗");
else{
    if (existedSysJob.getJobStatus().equals(SysJobStatus.NORMAL.ordinal())) {
        SchedulingRunnable task = new SchedulingRunnable(existedSysJob.getBeanName(), existedSysJob.getMethodName(), existedSysJob.getMethodParams());
        cronTaskRegistrar.removeCronTask(task);
    }
}

return OperationResUtils.success();

定時任務啟動/停止狀態切換

if (existedSysJob.getJobStatus().equals(SysJobStatus.NORMAL.ordinal())) {
    SchedulingRunnable task = new SchedulingRunnable(existedSysJob.getBeanName(), existedSysJob.getMethodName(), existedSysJob.getMethodParams());
    cronTaskRegistrar.addCronTask(task, existedSysJob.getCronExpression());
} else {
    SchedulingRunnable task = new SchedulingRunnable(existedSysJob.getBeanName(), existedSysJob.getMethodName(), existedSysJob.getMethodParams());
    cronTaskRegistrar.removeCronTask(task);
}

添加實現了CommandLineRunner接口的SysJobRunner類，當spring boot項目啟動完成后，加載數據庫里狀態為正常的定時任務。

@Service
public class SysJobRunner implements CommandLineRunner {

    private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(SysJobRunner.class);

    @Autowired
    private ISysJobRepository sysJobRepository;

    @Autowired
    private CronTaskRegistrar cronTaskRegistrar;

    @Override
    public void run(String... args) {
        // 初始加載數據庫里狀態為正常的定時任務
        List<SysJobPO> jobList = sysJobRepository.getSysJobListByStatus(SysJobStatus.NORMAL.ordinal());
        if (CollectionUtils.isNotEmpty(jobList)) {
            for (SysJobPO job : jobList) {
                SchedulingRunnable task = new SchedulingRunnable(job.getBeanName(), job.getMethodName(), job.getMethodParams());
                cronTaskRegistrar.addCronTask(task, job.getCronExpression());
            }

            logger.info("定時任務已加載完畢...");
        }
    }
}

工具類SpringContextUtils，用來從spring容器里獲取bean

 

@Component
public class SpringContextUtils implements ApplicationContextAware {

    private static ApplicationContext applicationContext;

    @Override
    public void setApplicationContext(ApplicationContext applicationContext)
            throws BeansException {
        SpringContextUtils.applicationContext = applicationContext;
    }

    public static Object getBean(String name) {
        return applicationContext.getBean(name);
    }

    public static <T> T getBean(Class<T> requiredType) {
        return applicationContext.getBean(requiredType);
    }

    public static <T> T getBean(String name, Class<T> requiredType) {
        return applicationContext.getBean(name, requiredType);
    }

    public static boolean containsBean(String name) {
        return applicationContext.containsBean(name);
    }

    public static boolean isSingleton(String name) {
        return applicationContext.isSingleton(name);
    }

    public static Class<? extends Object> getType(String name) {
        return applicationContext.getType(name);
    }
}