一、Java實現免證書訪問Https請求
創建證書管理器類
import java.security.cert.CertificateException;
import java.security.cert.X509Certificate;
import javax.net.ssl.X509TrustManager;
/**
* 證書信任管理器（用於https請求）
*
*/
public class MyX509TrustManager implements X509TrustManager {
public void checkClientTrusted(X509Certificate[] chain, String authType) throws CertificateException {
}
public void checkServerTrusted(X509Certificate[] chain, String authType) throws CertificateException {
}
public X509Certificate[] getAcceptedIssuers() {
return null;
}
}
服務器主機名校驗類
import javax.net.ssl.HostnameVerifier;
import javax.net.ssl.SSLSession;
public class NullHostNameVerifier implements HostnameVerifier{
@Override
public boolean verify(String hostname, SSLSession session) {
return true;
}
}
調用測試
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.io.OutputStreamWriter;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.net.URL;
import javax.net.ssl.HttpsURLConnection;
import javax.net.ssl.SSLContext;
import javax.net.ssl.SSLSocketFactory;
import javax.net.ssl.TrustManager;
import cn.com.goevent.weixin.util.MyX509TrustManager;
public class HttpsTest {
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
//設置可通過ip地址訪問https請求
HttpsURLConnection.setDefaultHostnameVerifier(new NullHostNameVerifier());
TrustManager[] tm = {new MyX509TrustManager()};
SSLContext sslContext = SSLContext.getInstance("TLS");
sslContext.init(null, tm, new java.security.SecureRandom());
// 從上述SSLContext對象中得到SSLSocketFactory對象
SSLSocketFactory ssf = sslContext.getSocketFactory();
String urlStr = "https://192.168.1.10/login_queryLkBySfmc.htm";
URL url = new URL(urlStr);
HttpsURLConnection con = (HttpsURLConnection) url.openConnection();
con.setSSLSocketFactory(ssf);
con.setRequestMethod("POST"); // 設置以POST方式提交數據
con.setDoInput(true); // 打開輸入流，以便從服務器獲取數據
con.setDoOutput(true);// 打開輸出流，以便向服務器提交數據
//設置發送參數
String param = "sfmc=測試";
PrintWriter out = new PrintWriter(new OutputStreamWriter(con.getOutputStream(),"UTF-8"));
out.print(param);
out.flush();
out.close();
//讀取請求返回值
InputStreamReader in = new InputStreamReader(con.getInputStream(),"UTF-8");
BufferedReader bfreader = new BufferedReader(in);
String result = "";
String line = "";
while ((line = bfreader.readLine()) != null) {
result += line;
}
System.out.println("result:"+result);
}
}
二、java實現 HTTP/HTTPS請求繞過證書檢測代碼實現
使用Apache的HttpClient發送GET和POST請求
1.使用幫助類HttpClients創建CloseableHttpClient對象.
2.基於要發送的HTTP請求類型創建HttpGet或者HttpPost實例.
3.使用addHeader方法添加請求頭部,諸如User-Agent, Accept-Encoding等參數.
4.對於POST請求,創建NameValuePair列表,並添加所有的表單參數.然后把它填充進HttpPost實體.
5.通過執行此HttpGet或者HttpPost請求獲取CloseableHttpResponse實例
6.從此CloseableHttpResponse實例中獲取狀態碼,錯誤信息,以及響應頁面等等.
7.最后關閉HttpClient資源.
POST請求封裝的工具類
import java.io.BufferedOutputStream;
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.lang.reflect.Method;
import java.net.URLDecoder;
import java.net.URLEncoder;
import java.security.KeyManagementException;
import java.security.KeyStoreException;
import java.security.NoSuchAlgorithmException;
import java.security.cert.CertificateException;
import java.security.cert.X509Certificate;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Map.Entry;
import com.sun.corba.se.impl.orbutil.threadpool.TimeoutException;
import org.apache.commons.httpclient.util.TimeoutController;
import org.apache.http.NameValuePair;
import org.apache.http.client.config.RequestConfig;
import org.apache.http.client.entity.UrlEncodedFormEntity;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.CloseableHttpResponse;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost;
import org.apache.http.conn.ssl.SSLConnectionSocketFactory;
import org.apache.http.entity.StringEntity;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.CloseableHttpClient;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClients;
import org.apache.http.message.BasicNameValuePair;
import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils;
import org.apache.log4j.Logger;
import cn.qtone.hjy.service.bean.yd.sync.AccountPasswordInfoSyncItem;
import cn.qtone.hjy.service.bean.yd.sync.OrderInfoSyncItem;
import cn.qtone.hjy.service.bean.yd.sync.YdOrderRelationshipInfoSyncItem;
import cn.qtone.hjy.service.core.DES;
import cn.qtone.hjy.service.dao.YdEduDao;
import cn.qtone.util.SpringUtil;
import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSONObject;
import javax.net.ssl.SSLContext;
import javax.net.ssl.TrustManager;
import javax.net.ssl.X509TrustManager;
public class HttpClientUtil {
static Logger log = Logger.getLogger(HttpClientUtil.class) ;
private static RequestConfig requestConfig = RequestConfig.custom().setSocketTimeout(10000).setConnectTimeout(10000).build();//設置請求和傳輸超時時間
private static CloseableHttpClient httpclient = HttpClients.createDefault();
public static String send(String httpUrl, String message) throws IOException {
String result = null ;
HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(httpUrl);
//設置數據讀取超時5s 傳輸超時5s 鏈接請求超時5s
RequestConfig requestConfig = RequestConfig.custom()
.setSocketTimeout(5000)
.setConnectTimeout(5000)
.setConnectionRequestTimeout(5000)
.build();
httpPost.setConfig(requestConfig) ;
message = URLEncoder.encode(message, "UTF-8") ;
StringEntity entity = new StringEntity(message);
httpPost.setEntity(entity);
CloseableHttpResponse response = httpclient.execute(httpPost);
BufferedReader in = null ;
try {
InputStream content = response.getEntity().getContent() ;
in = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(content));
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
String line = "" ;
while ((line = in.readLine()) != null) {
sb.append(line);
}
result = sb.toString() ;
System.out.println("接收原始報文：" + URLDecoder.decode(result, "UTF-8")) ;
} finally {
EntityUtils.consume(response.getEntity());
response.close();
}
return result ;
}
public static String post(String httpUrl, String message) throws Exception {
String result = null ;
CloseableHttpClient httpclient = HttpClients.createDefault();
BufferedReader in = null ;
HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(httpUrl);
httpPost.setConfig(requestConfig);
List <NameValuePair> nvps = new ArrayList <NameValuePair>();
nvps.add(new BasicNameValuePair("tokenId", DES.encrypt(message)));
httpPost.setEntity(new UrlEncodedFormEntity(nvps));
try {
System.out.println("發送報文：" + message);
System.out.println("發送報文：" + DES.encrypt(message)) ;
CloseableHttpResponse response = httpclient.execute(httpPost);
InputStream content = response.getEntity().getContent() ;
in = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(content, "UTF-8"));
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
String line = "" ;
while ((line = in.readLine()) != null) {
sb.append(line);
}
System.out.println("響應報文：" + sb.toString()) ;
//result = URLDecoder.decode(sb.toString(), "UTF-8") ;
//result = DES.decrypt(result) ;
//System.out.println("完成：" + JSONObject.parseObject(result) + "\n");
return result ;
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace() ;
} finally {
httpclient.close();
}
return null ;
}
/**
* 發起post請求，請求參數以Map集合形式傳入，封裝到List <NameValuePair> 發起post請求
* @param httpUrl
* @param params
* @return
* @throws Exception
*/
public static String post(String httpUrl, Map<String, String> params) throws Exception {
String result = null ;
CloseableHttpClient httpclient = createSSLClientDefault();
//httpclient.
//httpclient.
BufferedReader in = null ;
HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(httpUrl);
httpPost.setConfig(requestConfig);
List <NameValuePair> nvps = new ArrayList <NameValuePair>();
StringBuffer paramsBuf = new StringBuffer() ;
for(Entry<String, String> e : params.entrySet()) {
nvps.add(new BasicNameValuePair(e.getKey(), e.getValue()));
paramsBuf.append("&").append(e.getKey()).append("=").append(e.getValue()) ;
}
httpPost.setEntity(new UrlEncodedFormEntity(nvps, "UTF-8"));
try {
// 報文參數27：&id=jn-3-767744&groupPlatProTerminalId=119667&extend=uwJZ8j3CkpGPL4rM5J6KJhjR99O7yAe3BAGLS8ooI8ijNqKHfzTaK6W9wQvjZEVOmWJ3HxFb2O9D
// wDbe3++UiQ==&xxtCode=370000&terminalType=1&role=3&type=3
System.out.println("post請求報文地址：" + httpUrl+"?"+paramsBuf.toString()) ;
CloseableHttpResponse response = httpclient.execute(httpPost);
InputStream content = response.getEntity().getContent() ;
in = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(content, "UTF-8"));
// in = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(content, "GBK"));
// in = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(content));
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
String line = "" ;
while ((line = in.readLine()) != null) {
sb.append(line);
}
result = sb.toString() ;
System.out.println("響應報文：" + result) ;
// 響應報文：{"ret":0,"msg":"成功","callbackurl":"https://edu.10086.cn/test-sso/login?service=http%3A%2F%2F112.35.7.169%3A9010%2Feducloud%2Flogin%2Flogin%3Ftype%3D3%26mode%3D1%26groupId%3D4000573%26provincePlatformId%3D54","accesstoken":"2467946a-bee9-4d8c-8cce-d30181073b75"}Í
//記錄報文日志
YdEduDao dao = SpringUtil.getBean(YdEduDao.class);
dao.saveCallLog(httpUrl, paramsBuf.toString(), result); // HJY_SERVICE_LOG
return result ;
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace() ;
} finally {
httpclient.close();
}
return null ;
}
public static JSONObject postData(String httpUrl, Object obj) throws Exception {
JSONObject json = null;
try{
String result = post(httpUrl,obj);
json = JSONObject.parseObject(result);
}catch(TimeoutException e){
System.out.println("請求超時了："+httpUrl);
throw e;
}finally {
return json ;
}
}
public static String post(String httpUrl, Object obj) throws Exception {
Map<String, String> params = getParamData(obj);
String result = null ;
try {
result = post(httpUrl,params);
return result ;
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace() ;
} finally {
httpclient.close();
}
return null ;
}
private static Map<String, String> getParamData(Object obj) {
Class cla = obj.getClass();
Map<String, String> map = new HashMap<String, String>();
Method[] methods = cla.getDeclaredMethods();
try {
for (Method m : methods) {
String mname = m.getName();
if (mname.startsWith("get")) {
String name = mname.substring(3, mname.length());// 截取字段
name = name.substring(0, 1).toLowerCase()
+ name.substring(1, name.length());// 把首字母變小寫
String value = m.invoke(obj)==null?"":m.invoke(obj).toString();
if(cla.equals(YdOrderRelationshipInfoSyncItem.class)&&name.equals("unionId")&&(value==null||value.equals(""))){
continue;
}
map.put(name,value);// 取值
}
}
Class superclass = cla.getSuperclass();
while (!superclass.equals(Object.class)) {
Method[] superclassmethods = superclass.getDeclaredMethods();
for (Method m : superclassmethods) {
String mname = m.getName();
if (mname.startsWith("get")) {
String name = mname.substring(3, mname.length());// 截取字段
name = name.substring(0, 1).toLowerCase()
+ name.substring(1, name.length());// 把首字母變小寫
String value = m.invoke(obj)==null?"":m.invoke(obj).toString();
if((cla.equals(OrderInfoSyncItem.class)||cla.equals(AccountPasswordInfoSyncItem.class)||cla.equals(YdOrderRelationshipInfoSyncItem.class))&&name.equals("operation"))
continue;
map.put(name,value);// 取值
}
}
superclass = superclass.getSuperclass();
}
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return map;
}
public static CloseableHttpClient createSSLClientDefault(){
try {
//SSLContext sslContext = new SSLContextBuilder().loadTrustMaterial(null, new TrustStrategy() {
// 在JSSE中，證書信任管理器類就是實現了接口X509TrustManager的類。我們可以自己實現該接口，讓它信任我們指定的證書。
// 創建SSLContext對象，並使用我們指定的信任管理器初始化
//信任所有
X509TrustManager x509mgr = new X509TrustManager() {
// 該方法檢查客戶端的證書，若不信任該證書則拋出異常
public void checkClientTrusted(X509Certificate[] xcs, String string) {
}
// 該方法檢查服務端的證書，若不信任該證書則拋出異常
public void checkServerTrusted(X509Certificate[] xcs, String string) {
}
// 返回受信任的X509證書數組。
public X509Certificate[] getAcceptedIssuers() {
return null;
}
};
SSLContext sslContext = SSLContext.getInstance("TLS");
sslContext.init(null, new TrustManager[] { x509mgr }, null);
////創建HttpsURLConnection對象，並設置其SSLSocketFactory對象
SSLConnectionSocketFactory sslsf = new SSLConnectionSocketFactory(sslContext, SSLConnectionSocketFactory.ALLOW_ALL_HOSTNAME_VERIFIER);
// HttpsURLConnection對象就可以正常連接HTTPS了，無論其證書是否經權威機構的驗證，只要實現了接口X509TrustManager的類MyX509TrustManager信任該證書。
return HttpClients.custom().setSSLSocketFactory(sslsf).build();
} catch (KeyManagementException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
// 創建默認的httpClient實例.
return HttpClients.createDefault();
}
}
另外，在針對http進行升級時，在HTTPS的證書未經權威機構認證的情況下，訪問HTTPS站點的兩種方法，一種方法是把該證書導入到Java的TrustStore文件中，另一種是自己實現並覆蓋JSSE缺省的證書信任管理器類。兩種方法各有優缺點，第一種方法不會影響JSSE的安全性，但需要手工導入證書；第二種方法雖然不用手工導入證書，但需要小心使用，否則會帶來一些安全隱患。
參考博客：
[1]Java實現免證書訪問Https請求
[2]java實現 HTTP/HTTPS請求繞過證書檢測代碼實現