一、STP生成樹
1、介紹
2、stp的操作
3、stp基本命令
[H3C]undo stp global enable 關閉stp [H3C]stp priority 0 修改stp優先級 <H3C>display stp 查看stp基本信息 -------[CIST Global Info][Mode MSTP]------- Bridge ID : 32768.6c39-795e-0300 默認優先級(32768)+交換機mac地址 Bridge times : Hello 2s MaxAge 20s FwdDelay 15s MaxHops 20 Root ID/ERPC : 32768.6c39-700e-0100, 20 RegRoot ID/IRPC : 32768.6c39-795e-0300, 0 RootPort ID : 128.2 BPDU-Protection : Disabled Bridge Config- Digest-Snooping : Disabled TC or TCN received : 10 Time since last TC : 0 days 0h:0m:43s ----[Port54(FortyGigE1/0/53)][DOWN]---- Port protocol : Enabled Port role : Disabled Port Port ID : 128.54 Port cost(Legacy) : Config=auto, Active=200000 Desg.bridge/port : 32768.6c39-795e-0300, 128.54 Port edged : Config=disabled, Active=disabled Point-to-Point : Config=auto, Active=false Transmit limit : 10 packets/hello-time TC-Restriction : Disabled Role-Restriction : Disabled <H3C>display stp brief 查看端口狀態 MST ID Port Role STP State Protection 0 GigabitEthernet1/0/1 ROOT FORWARDING NONE root跟端口,forwarding處於轉發狀態 0 GigabitEthernet1/0/4 ALTE DISCARDING NONE alte備份狀態,discarding處於丟棄狀 0 GigabitEthernet1/0/3 DESI FORWARDING NONE desi指定端口,forwarding處於轉發狀態
4、交換機每隔兩秒發送BPDU報文來交換優先級、mac等地址
5、BPDU封裝的信息
6、端口的各個狀態
7、端口狀態的遷移
8、stp生成樹的不足
二、RSTP快速生成樹
1、RSTP介紹
2、RSTP的改進
3、RSTP基本命令
[H3C]stp mode rstp 開啟rstp生成樹 [H3C]display stp 查看stp生成樹 -------[CIST Global Info][Mode RSTP]------- mode類型為RSTP Bridge ID : 32768.6c39-74d6-0200 Bridge times : Hello 2s MaxAge 20s FwdDelay 15s MaxHops 20 Root ID/ERPC : 32768.6c39-700e-0100, 20 RegRoot ID/IRPC : 32768.6c39-74d6-0200, 0 RootPort ID : 128.2 BPDU-Protection : Disabled Bridge Config- Digest-Snooping : Disabled TC or TCN received : 2 Time since last TC : 0 days 0h:0m:32s ----[Port54(FortyGigE1/0/53)][DOWN]---- Port protocol : Enabled Port role : Disabled Port Port ID : 128.54 Port cost(Legacy) : Config=auto, Active=200000 Desg.bridge/port : 32768.6c39-74d6-0200, 128.54 Port edged : Config=disabled, Active=disabled Point-to-Point : Config=auto, Active=false Transmit limit : 10 packets/hello-time TC-Restriction : Disabled Role-Restriction : Disabled Protection type : Config=none, Active=none MST BPDU format : Config=auto, Active=802.1s [H3C]display stp brief MST ID Port Role STP State Protection 0 GigabitEthernet1/0/1 ROOT FORWARDING NONE 0 GigabitEthernet1/0/4 DESI FORWARDING NONE
三、MSTP多生成樹
1、介紹
2、傳統生成樹的問題
3、三種生成樹協議的比較
4、實例配置
1)每個交換機上創建vlan 10 、vlan20
[H3C]vlan 10 [H3C]vlan 20 [sw3]interface GigabitEthernet 1/0/2 [sw3-GigabitEthernet1/0/2]port link-type trunk 所有接口設置為trunk模式
[sw3-GigabitEthernet1/0/2] port trunk permit vlan all 允許所有vlan通過
2)設置區域,給區域命名
[H3C]stp region-configuration [H3C-mst-region]region-name h3c 給區域取個名字 [H3C-mst-region]instance 1 vlan 10 將vlan10划到組1 [H3C-mst-region]instance 2 vlan 20 將vlan20划到組2
[H3C-mst-region]active region-configuration 激活以上配置
3)查看以上配置
[H3C-mst-region]display this # stp region-configuration region-name h3c instance 1 vlan 10 instance 2 vlan 20 active region-configuration # return
4)調整實例根橋
[sw1]stp instance 1 root primary sw1設置為組1的根橋
[sw1]stp instance 2 root secondary sw1設置組2為備份根橋(可以敲,也可以省略) [sw2]stp instance 2 root primary sw2設置為組2的根橋
5)查看sw1驗證結果
[sw1]display stp brief MST ID Port Role STP State Protection 0 GigabitEthernet1/0/1 DESI FORWARDING NONE 0 GigabitEthernet1/0/2 DESI FORWARDING NONE 1 GigabitEthernet1/0/1 DESI FORWARDING NONE 對於實例1,sw1的兩個接口都為指定接口 1 GigabitEthernet1/0/2 DESI FORWARDING NONE 指定接口 2 GigabitEthernet1/0/1 DESI FORWARDING NONE 2 GigabitEthernet1/0/2 ROOT FORWARDING NONE [sw2]display stp brief MST ID Port Role STP State Protection 0 GigabitEthernet1/0/1 ROOT FORWARDING NONE 0 GigabitEthernet1/0/2 DESI FORWARDING NONE 1 GigabitEthernet1/0/1 ROOT FORWARDING NONE 1 GigabitEthernet1/0/2 DESI FORWARDING NONE 2 GigabitEthernet1/0/1 DESI FORWARDING NONE 對於實例2,sw2的兩個接口都為指定接口 2 GigabitEthernet1/0/2 DESI FORWARDING NONE 指定接口
注意1:默認交換機運行的就是MSTP,所有的vlan都在實例0里面
注意2:默認MSTP里面每個實例單獨運行的RSTP