CentOS開放指定端口和關閉防火牆


在Linux上部署項目,經常會遇到本機可以正常訪問,但是其他機器無法訪問的情況,這種情況極大可能是由於防火牆對端口進行了攔截導致的,下面我們就來說下如何開放訪問端口

CentOS 6是以下步驟

  1. 查詢防火牆的狀態

[root@localhost ~]# service iptables status
iptables: Firewall is not running.

   2. 開啟/關閉防火牆

[root@localhost ~]# service iptables start   --開啟
[root@localhost ~]# service iptables stop    --關閉

  3. 開機啟動/關閉

[root@localhost ~]# chkconfig iptables off/on

  4. 啟動防火牆

[root@localhost ~]# service iptables start 
iptables:應用防火牆規則: [確定]

  5. 開放指定端口

  • 以8080為例:
[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/sysconfig/iptables
# Firewall configuration written by system-config-firewall # Manual customization of this file is not recommended. *filter
:INPUT ACCEPT [0:0]
:FORWARD ACCEPT [0:0]
:OUTPUT ACCEPT [0:0]
-A INPUT -m state --state ESTABLISHED,RELATED -j ACCEPT
-A INPUT -p icmp -j ACCEPT
-A INPUT -i lo -j ACCEPT
-A INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 22 -j ACCEPT
-A INPUT -j REJECT --reject-with icmp-host-prohibited
-A FORWARD -j REJECT --reject-with icmp-host-prohibited
# 插入以下內容
-A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 7001 -j ACCEPT
COMMIT
 
[root@localhost ~]# service iptables save
iptables:將防火牆規則保存到 /etc/sysconfig/iptables:     [確定]

[root@localhost ~]# service iptables restart
iptables:將鏈設置為政策 ACCEPT:filter [確定]
iptables:清除防火牆規則: [確定]
iptables:正在卸載模塊: [確定]
iptables:應用防火牆規則: [確定]

  

 CentOS 7

  1. 查看防火牆的狀態

[root@dzpj2 ~]# systemctl status firewalld
● firewalld.service - firewalld - dynamic firewall daemon
   Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/firewalld.service; enabled; vendor preset: enabled)
   Active: active (running) since Mon 2020-10-26 15:25:39 CST; 1s ago
     Docs: man:firewalld(1)
 Main PID: 19901 (firewalld)
    Tasks: 2
   CGroup: /system.slice/firewalld.service
           └─19901 /usr/bin/python -Es /usr/sbin/firewalld --nofork --nopid

Oct 26 15:25:40 dzpj2 firewalld[19901]: WARNING: COMMAND_FAILED: '/usr/sbin/iptables -w2 -w --table filter --d...in?).
Oct 26 15:25:40 dzpj2 firewalld[19901]: WARNING: COMMAND_FAILED: '/usr/sbin/iptables -w2 -w --table filter --d...in?).
Oct 26 15:25:40 dzpj2 firewalld[19901]: WARNING: COMMAND_FAILED: '/usr/sbin/iptables -w2 -w --table filter --d...in?).
Oct 26 15:25:40 dzpj2 firewalld[19901]: WARNING: COMMAND_FAILED: '/usr/sbin/iptables -w2 -w --table filter --d...name.
Oct 26 15:25:40 dzpj2 firewalld[19901]: WARNING: COMMAND_FAILED: '/usr/sbin/iptables -w2 -w --table filter --d...name.
Oct 26 15:25:40 dzpj2 firewalld[19901]: WARNING: COMMAND_FAILED: '/usr/sbin/iptables -w2 -w --table filter --d...in?).
Oct 26 15:25:40 dzpj2 firewalld[19901]: WARNING: COMMAND_FAILED: '/usr/sbin/iptables -w2 -w --table filter --d...in?).
Oct 26 15:25:40 dzpj2 firewalld[19901]: WARNING: COMMAND_FAILED: '/usr/sbin/iptables -w2 -w --table filter --d...in?).
Oct 26 15:25:40 dzpj2 firewalld[19901]: WARNING: COMMAND_FAILED: '/usr/sbin/iptables -w2 -w --table filter --d...in?).
Oct 26 15:25:40 dzpj2 firewalld[19901]: WARNING: COMMAND_FAILED: '/usr/sbin/iptables -w2 -w --table filter --d...in?).
Hint: Some lines were ellipsized, use -l to show in full.

   2.打開/關閉/重啟防火牆

[root@dzpj2 ~]# systemctl start firewalld
[root@dzpj2 ~]# systemctl stop firewalld
[root@dzpj2 ~]# systemctl restart firewalld

  3.查看是否開機啟動

[root@localhost ~]# systemctl is-enabled firewalld   #開機啟動
enabled
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl is-enabled firewalld   #非開機啟動
disable
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl enable/disable firewalld  #關閉/打開開機啟動

  4.查詢已開放端口

[root@dzpj ~]# firewall-cmd --list-ports
7002/tcp 7006/tcp 7005/tcp 7007/tcp 25/tcp 7001/tcp

  5.開放指定端口,重新加載配置

[root@dzpj2 bin]# firewall-cmd --permanent --add-port=7001/tcp
success
[root@dzpj2 bin]# 
[root@dzpj2 bin]# firewall-cmd --reload
success
  • firewall-cmd:屬於防火牆的命令之一,在CentOS7版本以上使用
  • --permanent:如果不加該參數,開放指定端口的命令會立即生效,但是重啟防火牆后,會失效;加上該參數,該配置會永久保留,但是需要reload重啟防火牆
  • --add-port=7001/tcp:添加端口和網絡協議(tcp/http/https......)

  6.刪除已開放的端口

[root@dzpj2 bin]# firewall-cmd --permanent --remove-port=7001/tcp
success
[root@dzpj2 bin]# 
[root@dzpj2 bin]# firewall-cmd --reload
success

  


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