實時監控第三方庫watchdog,其原理通過操作系統的時間觸發的,不需要循環和等待
使用場景:
1.監控文件系統中文件或目錄的增刪改情況
2.當特定的文件被創建,刪除,修改,移動時執行相應的任務
1. 安裝
pip install watchdog
示例:
import re import os import logging from watchdog.events import FileSystemEventHandler from watchdog.observers import Observer logging.basicConfig(level=logging.INFO, format='%(asctime)s - %(name)s - %(levelname)s - %(message)s') LUA_FILE_NAME = 'version_info.lua' #Lua版本文件 WHITELIST_FILE_NAME = 'whitelist.txt' # 白名單文件 class FileMonitorHandler(FileSystemEventHandler): def __init__(self, **kwargs): super(FileMonitorHandler, self).__init__(**kwargs) # 監控目錄 目錄下面以device_id為目錄存放各自的圖片 self._watch_path = game_path # 重寫文件改變函數,文件改變都會觸發文件夾變化 def on_modified(self, event): if not event.is_directory: # 文件改變都會觸發文件夾變化 file_path = event.src_path logging.info("file changed: %s " % file_path) file_name = os.path.split(file_path)[-1] # 白名單或者配置文件修改,則觸發事件 if file_name == LUA_FILE_NAME: # lua文件發生變化 # 驗證該目錄下是否存在白名單文件 whitelist_file, is_exists = check_file_exists(file_path, WHITELIST_FILE_NAME) if not is_exists: # 不存在白名單,則不進行修改操作 logging.info(f'{whitelist_file} not exists') else: # 讀取文件進行替換操作 whitelist_handler(file_path, whitelist_file) elif file_name == WHITELIST_FILE_NAME: # 白名單文件發生變化 # 驗證配置文件是否存在 lua_file, is_exists = check_file_exists(file_path, LUA_FILE_NAME) if not is_exists: # 不存在Lua文件 logging.info(f'{lua_file} not exists') else: whitelist_handler(lua_file, file_path) else: logging.info('Director changed') def on_created(self, event): pass def check_file_exists(path, file_name): """ 驗證文件的存在性 """ file_path = os.path.join(os.path.dirname(path), file_name) is_exists = os.path.isfile(file_path) return file_path, is_exists def replace_content(lua_file, new_str): with open(lua_file, 'r', encoding='utf-8') as f1, open("%s.bak" % lua_file, "w", encoding='utf-8') as f2: old_content = f1.read() if 'testId' in old_content: # 進行正則匹配 pattern = re.compile(r'testId = "(.*?)"', re.M | re.S) new_content = re.sub(pattern, f'testId = "{new_str}"', old_content) logging.info('Old content:%s' % old_content) logging.info('New content:%s' % new_content) f2.write(new_content) os.remove(lua_file) os.rename("%s.bak" % lua_file, lua_file) def whitelist_handler(lua_file, whitelist_file): """ 白名單處理 """ with open(whitelist_file, 'r', encoding='utf-8') as f: whitelist_content = f.read().replace("\n", "") logging.info(f'Replace content: lua_file->{lua_file} whitelist content->{whitelist_content}') replace_content(lua_file, whitelist_content) def main(): event_handler = FileMonitorHandler() observer = Observer() observer.schedule(event_handler, path=game_path, recursive=True) # recursive遞歸的 observer.start() observer.join() if __name__ == '__main__': global game_path game_path = '/test2/files' main()
常見問題:
1. OSError: inotify watch limit reached 錯誤
在添加監控任務之后, 發現出現這個錯誤, 是因為已經達到了inotify監控的一個上限值
查看目前的上限值:
cat /proc/sys/fs/inotify/max_user_watches
默認是8192
解決:
1)臨時生效 echo 81920 > /proc/sys/fs/inotify/max_user_watches 2)永久 在 /etc/sysctl.conf 中添加一行: fs.inotify.max_user_watches=99999999 修改后保存 立即生效 sysctl -p