Linux軟件包的安裝方法有很多，RabbitMQ也不例外，這里記錄一下官方強列推薦的安裝方法！
首先進入RabbitMQ官方下載頁(https://www.rabbitmq.com/download.html)，選擇合適你的操作系統的下載和安裝指引，我這邊是CentOS(請確保你的服務器能連上外網，否則請用離線安裝方式)：
進去后，我們根據說明，點進強列推薦的安裝方式(即使用Package Cloud上的Yum庫)的說明鏈接:
由於Package Cloud簽發安裝包時使用的是他們自己的GPG key，雖然2018他們開始做Key遷移，但還是建設大家先導一下Package Cloud的Key：
# rpm --import https://packagecloud.io/rabbitmq/rabbitmq-server/gpgkey
# rpm --import https://packagecloud.io/gpg.key
然后，因為RabbitMQ是由Erlang語言開發，RabbitMQ安裝包也依賴於Erlang，所以我們先根據提示安裝好Erlang相關的包：
# curl -s https://packagecloud.io/install/repositories/rabbitmq/erlang/script.rpm.sh | sudo bash
然后再回過頭來根據提示安裝RabbitMQ：
# curl -s https://packagecloud.io/install/repositories/rabbitmq/rabbitmq-server/script.rpm.sh | sudo bash
當然，以后有新版本了，你還可以用下面的命令將RabbitMQ更新到最新版本（生產環境不要隨便更新升級哦！！！）：
# yum install rabbitmq-server.noarch
做完這些以后，安裝工作可以說是完成了！是不是很快！但是，我們后面還得做一下基本配置的和驗證的！
安裝完后，我們設置RabbitMQ為開機啟動：
# chkconfig rabbitmq-server on
# systemctl enable rabbitmq-server.service
然后我們在 /etc/rabbitmq/ 目錄下新增一個環境配置文件 rabbitmq-env.conf
# vim /etc/rabbitmq/rabbitmq-env.conf NODENAME=rabbit@localhost
接着嘗試啟動RabbitMQ服務：
# systemctl start rabbitmq-server
最后查看一下RabbitMQ是否啟動成功：
# rabbitmqctl status Error: unable to perform an operation on node 'rabbit@localhost'. Please see diagnostics information and suggestions below. Most common reasons for this are: * Target node is unreachable (e.g. due to hostname resolution, TCP connection or firewall issues) * CLI tool fails to authenticate with the server (e.g. due to CLI tool's Erlang cookie not matching that of the server) * Target node is not running In addition to the diagnostics info below: * See the CLI, clustering and networking guides on https://rabbitmq.com/documentation.html to learn more * Consult server logs on node rabbit@localhost * If target node is configured to use long node names, don't forget to use --longnames with CLI tools DIAGNOSTICS =========== attempted to contact: [rabbit@localhost] rabbit@localhost: * connected to epmd (port 4369) on localhost * epmd reports node 'rabbit' uses port 25672 for inter-node and CLI tool traffic * TCP connection succeeded but Erlang distribution failed * Node name (or hostname) mismatch: node "rabbit@mqserver" believes its node name is not "rabbit@mqserver" but something else. All nodes and CLI tools must refer to node "rabbit@mqserver" using the same name the node itself uses (see its logs to find out what it is) Current node details: * node name: 'rabbitmqcli-33080-rabbit@localhost' * effective user's home directory: /var/lib/rabbitmq * Erlang cookie hash: V4dlxLzzzHnrAyZ80UrlSg==
結果報錯了！！！給出的可能原因的第一條是“Target node is unreachable (e.g. due to hostname resolution, TCP connection or firewall issues)”，目標節點不可達！所謖的目標節點，就是我們在 /etc/rabbitmq/rabbitmq-env.conf 文件中配置的 rabbit@localhost ，進於步推測的原因是hostname解析問題，或防火牆問題！
我們先試將localhost這個主機名做一個host映射(映射的IP 192.168.0.108是我的，你要換成你自己的)：
# echo 192.168.0.108 localhost >> /etc/hosts
完了后，重啟一下RabbitMQ服務：
# systemctl restart rabbitmq-server
再次查看一下RabbitMQ服務的狀態（竟然好了，果然是hostname解析的問題）：
# rabbitmqctl status Status of node rabbit@localhost ... Runtime OS PID: 33539 OS: Linux Uptime (seconds): 23 RabbitMQ version: 3.8.7 Node name: rabbit@localhost Erlang configuration: Erlang/OTP 23 [erts-11.0.3] [source] [64-bit] [smp:2:2] [ds:2:2:10] [async-threads:64] [hipe] Erlang processes: 276 used, 1048576 limit Scheduler run queue: 1 Cluster heartbeat timeout (net_ticktime): 60 Plugins Enabled plugin file: /etc/rabbitmq/enabled_plugins Enabled plugins: Data directory Node data directory: /var/lib/rabbitmq/mnesia/rabbit@localhost Raft data directory: /var/lib/rabbitmq/mnesia/rabbit@localhost/quorum/rabbit@localhost Config files Log file(s) * /var/log/rabbitmq/rabbit@localhost.log * /var/log/rabbitmq/rabbit@localhost_upgrade.log Alarms (none) Memory Total memory used: 0.0976 gb Calculation strategy: rss Memory high watermark setting: 0.4 of available memory, computed to: 0.7576 gb other_proc: 0.0295 gb (30.22 %) code: 0.0289 gb (29.62 %) reserved_unallocated: 0.0191 gb (19.61 %) other_system: 0.0126 gb (12.89 %) other_ets: 0.0029 gb (2.95 %) allocated_unused: 0.0023 gb (2.34 %) atom: 0.0013 gb (1.37 %) plugins: 0.0005 gb (0.47 %) metrics: 0.0002 gb (0.2 %) binary: 0.0002 gb (0.18 %) mnesia: 0.0001 gb (0.08 %) quorum_ets: 0.0 gb (0.05 %) msg_index: 0.0 gb (0.03 %) connection_channels: 0.0 gb (0.0 %) connection_other: 0.0 gb (0.0 %) connection_readers: 0.0 gb (0.0 %) connection_writers: 0.0 gb (0.0 %) mgmt_db: 0.0 gb (0.0 %) queue_procs: 0.0 gb (0.0 %) queue_slave_procs: 0.0 gb (0.0 %) quorum_queue_procs: 0.0 gb (0.0 %) File Descriptors Total: 2, limit: 32671 Sockets: 0, limit: 29401 Free Disk Space Low free disk space watermark: 0.05 gb Free disk space: 12.3948 gb Totals Connection count: 0 Queue count: 0 Virtual host count: 1 Listeners Interface: [::], port: 25672, protocol: clustering, purpose: inter-node and CLI tool communication Interface: [::], port: 5672, protocol: amqp, purpose: AMQP 0-9-1 and AMQP 1.0
至此使用官方推薦方法初步安裝RabbitMQ就算完成了！