配置log4j2日志報錯 Cannot find the declaration of element 'Configuration'

問題

在配置log4j2的時候，在resources目錄下添加了log4j2.xml，前兩行的內容如下：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<Configuration status="WARN">

 

項目啟動后報錯500，報錯信息如下：
javax.servlet.ServletException: Servlet.init() for servlet springmvc threw exception

org.xml.sax.SAXParseException; lineNumber: 2; columnNumber: 30; cvc-elt.1: Cannot find the declaration of element 'Configuration'.

org.apache.xerces.util.ErrorHandlerWrapper.createSAXParseException(Unknown Source)
org.apache.xerces.util.ErrorHandlerWrapper.error(Unknown Source)
org.apache.xerces.impl.XMLErrorReporter.reportError(Unknown Source)
org.apache.xerces.impl.XMLErrorReporter.reportError(Unknown Source)
org.apache.xerces.impl.xs.XMLSchemaValidator.handleStartElement(Unknown Source)
org.apache.xerces.impl.xs.XMLSchemaValidator.startElement(Unknown Source)

HTTP Status 500 - Servlet.init() for servlet springmvc threw exception
type Exception report

message Servlet.init() for servlet springmvc threw exception

description The server encountered an internal error that prevented it from fulfilling this request.

exception

javax.servlet.ServletException: Servlet.init() for servlet springmvc threw exception
    org.apache.catalina.valves.ErrorReportValve.invoke(ErrorReportValve.java:79)
    org.apache.catalina.valves.AbstractAccessLogValve.invoke(AbstractAccessLogValve.java:620)
    org.apache.catalina.connector.CoyoteAdapter.service(CoyoteAdapter.java:502)
    org.apache.coyote.http11.AbstractHttp11Processor.process(AbstractHttp11Processor.java:1132)
    org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol$AbstractConnectionHandler.process(AbstractProtocol.java:684)
    org.apache.tomcat.util.net.AprEndpoint$SocketProcessor.doRun(AprEndpoint.java:2527)
    org.apache.tomcat.util.net.AprEndpoint$SocketProcessor.run(AprEndpoint.java:2516)
    java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1149)
    java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:624)
    org.apache.tomcat.util.threads.TaskThread$WrappingRunnable.run(TaskThread.java:61)
    java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:748)
root cause

org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.XmlBeanDefinitionStoreException: Line 2 in XML document from file [E:\Workspaces\GitYonyou\gate\target\gate-0.1-SNAPSHOT\WEB-INF\classes\log4j2.xml] is invalid; nested exception is org.xml.sax.SAXParseException; lineNumber: 2; columnNumber: 30; cvc-elt.1.a: Cannot find the declaration of element 'Configuration'.
    org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.XmlBeanDefinitionReader.doLoadBeanDefinitions(XmlBeanDefinitionReader.java:405)
    org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.XmlBeanDefinitionReader.loadBeanDefinitions(XmlBeanDefinitionReader.java:337)
    org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.XmlBeanDefinitionReader.loadBeanDefinitions(XmlBeanDefinitionReader.java:305)
    org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanDefinitionReader.loadBeanDefinitions(AbstractBeanDefinitionReader.java:188)
    org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanDefinitionReader.loadBeanDefinitions(AbstractBeanDefinitionReader.java:224)
    org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanDefinitionReader.loadBeanDefinitions(AbstractBeanDefinitionReader.java:195)
    org.springframework.web.context.support.XmlWebApplicationContext.loadBeanDefinitions(XmlWebApplicationContext.java:125)
    org.springframework.web.context.support.XmlWebApplicationContext.loadBeanDefinitions(XmlWebApplicationContext.java:94)
    org.springframework.context.support.AbstractRefreshableApplicationContext.refreshBeanFactory(AbstractRefreshableApplicationContext.java:133)
    org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.obtainFreshBeanFactory(AbstractApplicationContext.java:637)
    org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.refresh(AbstractApplicationContext.java:522)
    org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.configureAndRefreshWebApplicationContext(FrameworkServlet.java:702)
    org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.createWebApplicationContext(FrameworkServlet.java:668)
    org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.createWebApplicationContext(FrameworkServlet.java:716)
    org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.initWebApplicationContext(FrameworkServlet.java:591)
    org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.initServletBean(FrameworkServlet.java:530)
    org.springframework.web.servlet.HttpServletBean.init(HttpServletBean.java:170)
    javax.servlet.GenericServlet.init(GenericServlet.java:158)
    org.apache.catalina.valves.ErrorReportValve.invoke(ErrorReportValve.java:79)
    org.apache.catalina.valves.AbstractAccessLogValve.invoke(AbstractAccessLogValve.java:620)
    org.apache.catalina.connector.CoyoteAdapter.service(CoyoteAdapter.java:502)
    org.apache.coyote.http11.AbstractHttp11Processor.process(AbstractHttp11Processor.java:1132)
    org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol$AbstractConnectionHandler.process(AbstractProtocol.java:684)
    org.apache.tomcat.util.net.AprEndpoint$SocketProcessor.doRun(AprEndpoint.java:2527)
    org.apache.tomcat.util.net.AprEndpoint$SocketProcessor.run(AprEndpoint.java:2516)
    java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1149)
    java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:624)
    org.apache.tomcat.util.threads.TaskThread$WrappingRunnable.run(TaskThread.java:61)
    java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:748)
root cause

org.xml.sax.SAXParseException; lineNumber: 2; columnNumber: 30; cvc-elt.1.a: Cannot find the declaration of element 'Configuration'.
    org.apache.xerces.util.ErrorHandlerWrapper.createSAXParseException(Unknown Source)
    org.apache.xerces.util.ErrorHandlerWrapper.error(Unknown Source)
    org.apache.xerces.impl.XMLErrorReporter.reportError(Unknown Source)
    org.apache.xerces.impl.XMLErrorReporter.reportError(Unknown Source)
    org.apache.xerces.impl.XMLErrorReporter.reportError(Unknown Source)
    org.apache.xerces.impl.xs.XMLSchemaValidator.handleStartElement(Unknown Source)
    org.apache.xerces.impl.xs.XMLSchemaValidator.startElement(Unknown Source)
    org.apache.xerces.impl.XMLNSDocumentScannerImpl.scanStartElement(Unknown Source)
    org.apache.xerces.impl.XMLNSDocumentScannerImpl$NSContentDispatcher.scanRootElementHook(Unknown Source)
    org.apache.xerces.impl.XMLDocumentFragmentScannerImpl$FragmentContentDispatcher.dispatch(Unknown Source)
    org.apache.xerces.impl.XMLDocumentFragmentScannerImpl.scanDocument(Unknown Source)
    org.apache.xerces.parsers.XML11Configuration.parse(Unknown Source)
    org.apache.xerces.parsers.XML11Configuration.parse(Unknown Source)
    org.apache.xerces.parsers.XMLParser.parse(Unknown Source)
    org.apache.xerces.parsers.DOMParser.parse(Unknown Source)
    org.apache.xerces.jaxp.DocumentBuilderImpl.parse(Unknown Source)
    org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.DefaultDocumentLoader.loadDocument(DefaultDocumentLoader.java:77)
    org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.XmlBeanDefinitionReader.doLoadDocument(XmlBeanDefinitionReader.java:435)
    org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.XmlBeanDefinitionReader.doLoadBeanDefinitions(XmlBeanDefinitionReader.java:393)
    org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.XmlBeanDefinitionReader.loadBeanDefinitions(XmlBeanDefinitionReader.java:337)
    org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.XmlBeanDefinitionReader.loadBeanDefinitions(XmlBeanDefinitionReader.java:305)
    org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanDefinitionReader.loadBeanDefinitions(AbstractBeanDefinitionReader.java:188)
    org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanDefinitionReader.loadBeanDefinitions(AbstractBeanDefinitionReader.java:224)
    org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanDefinitionReader.loadBeanDefinitions(AbstractBeanDefinitionReader.java:195)
    org.springframework.web.context.support.XmlWebApplicationContext.loadBeanDefinitions(XmlWebApplicationContext.java:125)
    org.springframework.web.context.support.XmlWebApplicationContext.loadBeanDefinitions(XmlWebApplicationContext.java:94)
    org.springframework.context.support.AbstractRefreshableApplicationContext.refreshBeanFactory(AbstractRefreshableApplicationContext.java:133)
    org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.obtainFreshBeanFactory(AbstractApplicationContext.java:637)
    org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.refresh(AbstractApplicationContext.java:522)
    org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.configureAndRefreshWebApplicationContext(FrameworkServlet.java:702)
    org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.createWebApplicationContext(FrameworkServlet.java:668)
    org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.createWebApplicationContext(FrameworkServlet.java:716)
    org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.initWebApplicationContext(FrameworkServlet.java:591)
    org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.initServletBean(FrameworkServlet.java:530)
    org.springframework.web.servlet.HttpServletBean.init(HttpServletBean.java:170)
    javax.servlet.GenericServlet.init(GenericServlet.java:158)
    org.apache.catalina.valves.ErrorReportValve.invoke(ErrorReportValve.java:79)
    org.apache.catalina.valves.AbstractAccessLogValve.invoke(AbstractAccessLogValve.java:620)
    org.apache.catalina.connector.CoyoteAdapter.service(CoyoteAdapter.java:502)
    org.apache.coyote.http11.AbstractHttp11Processor.process(AbstractHttp11Processor.java:1132)
    org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol$AbstractConnectionHandler.process(AbstractProtocol.java:684)
    org.apache.tomcat.util.net.AprEndpoint$SocketProcessor.doRun(AprEndpoint.java:2527)
    org.apache.tomcat.util.net.AprEndpoint$SocketProcessor.run(AprEndpoint.java:2516)
    java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1149)
    java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:624)
    org.apache.tomcat.util.threads.TaskThread$WrappingRunnable.run(TaskThread.java:61)
    java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:748)
note The full stack trace of the root cause is available in the Apache Tomcat/8.0.47 logs.

 

走的彎路

搜索網上資料，絕大部分的都是報錯【spring cvc-elt.1: Cannot find the declaration of element 'beans'】

解決辦法也都是，在xml的頭文件中使用，把xsd文件的引用全部改為本地文件

比如把

xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
　　http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
　　http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
　　https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd 
　　http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc 
　　https://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd"

改成：

xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
　　classpath:/org/springframework/beans/factory/xml/spring-beans.xsd
　　http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
　　classpath:/org/springframework/context/config/spring-context.xsd
　　http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
　　classpath:/org/springframework/web/servlet/config/spring-mvc.xsd"

 

但是對於我來說並沒有效果

 

最終解決

后來經過各種調整后發現，log4j2.xml配置的日志已經生效了，對應目錄下會打印日志，但是啟動后仍然報錯。只要把log4j2.xml配置文件給刪除掉，項目就可以正常運行。

由此出發，再看日志，它是把 Configuration 當做了一個bean來對待了，但是它並不是一個bean

最終解決，web.xml 里 修改。原來是：

<servlet>
    <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
    <init-param>
        <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
        <param-value>classpath:*.xml</param-value>
    </init-param>
    <load-on-startup>2</load-on-startup>
</servlet>

 

改成下面就好了，DispatcherServlet讀取的時候，不讀log4j.xml

<servlet>
    <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
    <init-param>
        <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
        <param-value>classpath:spring.xml;classpath:applicationContext.xml</param-value>
    </init-param>
    <load-on-startup>2</load-on-startup>
</servlet>

 

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