本文介紹了在基於gin框架開發的項目中如何配置並使用zap來接收並記錄gin框架默認的日志和如何配置日志歸檔。

我們在基於gin框架開發項目時通常都會選擇使用專業的日志庫來記錄項目中的日志,go語言常用的日志庫有zaplogrus等。網上也有很多類似的教程,我之前也翻譯過一篇《在Go語言項目中使用Zap日志庫》

但是我們該如何在日志中記錄gin框架本身輸出的那些日志呢?

gin默認的中間件

首先我們來看一個最簡單的gin項目:

func main() {
	r := gin.Default()
	r.GET("/hello", func(c *gin.Context) {
		c.String("hello q1mi!")
	})
	r.Run(
}

  

接下來我們看一下gin.Default()的源碼:

func Default() *Engine {
	debugPrintWARNINGDefault()
	engine := New()
	engine.Use(Logger(), Recovery())
	return engine
}

  

也就是我們在使用gin.Default()的同時是用到了gin框架內的兩個默認中間件Logger()Recovery()

其中Logger()是把gin框架本身的日志輸出到標准輸出(我們本地開發調試時在終端輸出的那些日志就是它的功勞),而Recovery()是在程序出現panic的時候恢復現場並寫入500響應的。

基於zap的中間件

我們可以模仿Logger()Recovery()的實現,使用我們的日志庫來接收gin框架默認輸出的日志。

這里以zap為例,我們實現兩個中間件如下:

// GinLogger 接收gin框架默認的日志
func GinLogger(logger *zap.Logger) gin.HandlerFunc {
	return func(c *gin.Context) {
		start := time.Now()
		path := c.Request.URL.Path
		query := c.Request.URL.RawQuery
		c.Next()

		cost := time.Since(start)
		logger.Info(path,
			zap.Int("status", c.Writer.Status()),
			zap.String("method", c.Request.Method),
			zap.String("path", path),
			zap.String("query", query),
			zap.String("ip", c.ClientIP()),
			zap.String("user-agent", c.Request.UserAgent()),
			zap.String("errors", c.Errors.ByType(gin.ErrorTypePrivate).String()),
			zap.Duration("cost", cost),
		)
	}
}

// GinRecovery recover掉項目可能出現的panic
func GinRecovery(logger *zap.Logger, stack bool) gin.HandlerFunc {
	return func(c *gin.Context) {
		defer func() {
			if err := recover(); err != nil {
				// Check for a broken connection, as it is not really a
				// condition that warrants a panic stack trace.
				var brokenPipe bool
				if ne, ok := err.(*net.OpError); ok {
					if se, ok := ne.Err.(*os.SyscallError); ok {
						if strings.Contains(strings.ToLower(se.Error()), "broken pipe") || strings.Contains(strings.ToLower(se.Error()), "connection reset by peer") {
							brokenPipe = true
						}
					}
				}

				httpRequest, _ := httputil.DumpRequest(c.Request, false)
				if brokenPipe {
					logger.Error(c.Request.URL.Path,
						zap.Any("error", err),
						zap.String("request", string(httpRequest)),
					)
					// If the connection is dead, we can't write a status to it.
					c.Error(err.(error)) // nolint: errcheck
					c.Abort()
					return
				}

				if stack {
					logger.Error("[Recovery from panic]",
						zap.Any("error", err),
						zap.String("request", string(httpRequest)),
						zap.String("stack", string(debug.Stack())),
					)
				} else {
					logger.Error("[Recovery from panic]",
						zap.Any("error", err),
						zap.String("request", string(httpRequest)),
					)
				}
				c.AbortWithStatus(http.StatusInternalServerError)
			}
		}()
		c.Next()
	}
}

  

如果不想自己實現,可以使用github上有別人封裝好的https://github.com/gin-contrib/zap

這樣我們就可以在gin框架中使用我們上面定義好的兩個中間件來代替gin框架默認的Logger()Recovery()了。

r := gin.New()
r.Use(GinLogger(), GinRecovery())

  

在gin項目中使用zap

最后我們再加入我們項目中常用的日志切割,完整版的logger.go代碼如下:

package logger

import (
	"github.com/gin-gonic/gin"
	"github.com/natefinch/lumberjack"
	"go.uber.org/zap"
	"go.uber.org/zap/zapcore"
	"net"
	"net/http"
	"net/http/httputil"
	"os"
	"runtime/debug"
	"scheduler/config"
	"strings"
	"time"
)

var Logger *zap.Logger

// InitLogger 初始化Logger
func InitLogger(cfg *config.LogConfig) (err error) {
	writeSyncer := getLogWriter(cfg.Filename, cfg.MaxSize, cfg.MaxBackups, cfg.MaxAge)
	encoder := getEncoder()
	var l = new(zapcore.Level)
	err = l.UnmarshalText([]byte(cfg.Level))
	if err != nil {
		return
	}
	core := zapcore.NewCore(encoder, writeSyncer, l)

	Logger = zap.New(core, zap.AddCaller())
	return
}

func getEncoder() zapcore.Encoder {
	encoderConfig := zap.NewProductionEncoderConfig()
	encoderConfig.EncodeTime = zapcore.ISO8601TimeEncoder
	encoderConfig.TimeKey = "time"
	encoderConfig.EncodeLevel = zapcore.CapitalLevelEncoder
	encoderConfig.EncodeDuration = zapcore.SecondsDurationEncoder
	encoderConfig.EncodeCaller = zapcore.ShortCallerEncoder
	return zapcore.NewJSONEncoder(encoderConfig)
}

func getLogWriter(filename string, maxSize, maxBackup, maxAge int) zapcore.WriteSyncer {
	lumberJackLogger := &lumberjack.Logger{
		Filename:   filename,
		MaxSize:    maxSize,
		MaxBackups: maxBackup,
		MaxAge:     maxAge,
	}
	return zapcore.AddSync(lumberJackLogger)
}

// GinLogger 接收gin框架默認的日志
func GinLogger(logger *zap.Logger) gin.HandlerFunc {
	return func(c *gin.Context) {
		start := time.Now()
		path := c.Request.URL.Path
		query := c.Request.URL.RawQuery
		c.Next()

		cost := time.Since(start)
		logger.Info(path,
			zap.Int("status", c.Writer.Status()),
			zap.String("method", c.Request.Method),
			zap.String("path", path),
			zap.String("query", query),
			zap.String("ip", c.ClientIP()),
			zap.String("user-agent", c.Request.UserAgent()),
			zap.String("errors", c.Errors.ByType(gin.ErrorTypePrivate).String()),
			zap.Duration("cost", cost),
		)
	}
}

// GinRecovery recover掉項目可能出現的panic,並使用zap記錄相關日志
func GinRecovery(logger *zap.Logger, stack bool) gin.HandlerFunc {
	return func(c *gin.Context) {
		defer func() {
			if err := recover(); err != nil {
				// Check for a broken connection, as it is not really a
				// condition that warrants a panic stack trace.
				var brokenPipe bool
				if ne, ok := err.(*net.OpError); ok {
					if se, ok := ne.Err.(*os.SyscallError); ok {
						if strings.Contains(strings.ToLower(se.Error()), "broken pipe") || strings.Contains(strings.ToLower(se.Error()), "connection reset by peer") {
							brokenPipe = true
						}
					}
				}

				httpRequest, _ := httputil.DumpRequest(c.Request, false)
				if brokenPipe {
					logger.Error(c.Request.URL.Path,
						zap.Any("error", err),
						zap.String("request", string(httpRequest)),
					)
					// If the connection is dead, we can't write a status to it.
					c.Error(err.(error)) // nolint: errcheck
					c.Abort()
					return
				}

				if stack {
					logger.Error("[Recovery from panic]",
						zap.Any("error", err),
						zap.String("request", string(httpRequest)),
						zap.String("stack", string(debug.Stack())),
					)
				} else {
					logger.Error("[Recovery from panic]",
						zap.Any("error", err),
						zap.String("request", string(httpRequest)),
					)
				}
				c.AbortWithStatus(http.StatusInternalServerError)
			}
		}()
		c.Next()
	}
}

  

然后定義日志相關配置:

type LogConfig struct {
	Level string `json:"level"`
	Filename string `json:"filename"`
	MaxSize int `json:"maxsize"`
	MaxAge int `json:"max_age"`
	MaxBackups int `json:"max_backups"`
}

  

在項目中先初始化配置信息,再調用logger.InitLogger(cfg.LogConfig)即可完成日志的初識化。

func main() {
	// load config from conf/conf.json
	if len(os.Args) < 1 {
		return
	}
	if err := config.Init(os.Args[1]); err != nil {
		panic(err)
	}
	// init logger
	if err := logger.InitLogger(config.Conf.LogConfig); err != nil {
		fmt.Printf("init logger failed, err:%v\n", err)
		return
	}
	r := routes.SetupRouter() 

	addr := fmt.Sprintf(":%v", config.Conf.ServerConfig.Port)
	r.Run(addr)
}

  

注冊中間件的操作在routes.SetupRouter()中:

func SetupRouter() *gin.Engine {
	//gin.SetMode(gin.ReleaseMode)
	r := gin.New()
	r.Use(logger.GinLogger(logger.Logger), logger.GinRecovery(logger.Logger, true))
	mainGroup := r.Group("/api")
	{
		...
	}

	r.GET("/ping", func(c *gin.Context) {
		c.String(200, "pong")
	})
	return r
}