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SpringCloudAlibaba-入門學習之環境搭建

本文轉載自   查看原文   2020-08-04 22:22   4873    微服務

環境搭建

模塊設計

  • springcloud-alibaba  父工程
  • shop-common          公共模塊【實體類】
  • shop-user                 用戶微服務 【端口: 807x】
  • shop-product            商品微服務 【端口: 808x】
  • shop-order                訂單微服務 【端口: 809x】

1：創建一個maven父工程（刪掉其他附屬文件保留一個pom.xml）如下圖目錄

 

2：引入相關依賴 pom.xml

<groupId>com.chenpt</groupId>
    <artifactId>springcloud-alibaba</artifactId>
    <packaging>pom</packaging>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <modules>
        <module>shop-user</module>
        <module>shop-product</module>
        <module>shop-common</module>
    </modules>

    <!--父工程-->
    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>2.1.3.RELEASE</version>
    </parent>


    <!--依賴版本的鎖定-->
    <properties>
        <java.version>1.8</java.version>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
        <project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
        <spring-cloud.version>Greenwich.RELEASE</spring-cloud.version>
        <!--        <spring-cloud-alibaba.version>2.1.1.RELEASE</spring-cloud-alibaba.version>-->
        <spring-cloud-alibaba.version>2.1.0.RELEASE</spring-cloud-alibaba.version>
    </properties>

    <dependencyManagement>
        <dependencies>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
                <version>${spring-cloud.version}</version>
                <type>pom</type>
                <scope>import</scope>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-alibaba-dependencies</artifactId>
                <version>${spring-cloud-alibaba.version}</version>
                <type>pom</type>
                <scope>import</scope>
            </dependency>
        </dependencies>
    </dependencyManagement>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
            <version>1.18.12</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>
pom.xml配置

3：創建基礎模塊

3.1：shop-common  在pom中添加依賴

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <parent>
        <artifactId>springcloud-alibaba</artifactId>
        <groupId>com.chenpt</groupId>
        <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    </parent>
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <artifactId>shop-common</artifactId>

    <!--依賴-->
    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-jpa</artifactId>
            <version>2.1.13.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
            <artifactId>fastjson</artifactId>
            <version>1.2.56</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
            <version>5.1.6</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

</project>
common.pom完整依賴

創建實體類

/訂單
@Entity(name = "shop_order")
@Data
public class Order {
    @Id
    @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)
    private Long oid;//訂單id

    //用戶
    private Integer uid;//用戶id
    private String username;//用戶名

    //商品
    private Integer pid;//商品id
    private String pname;//商品名稱
    private Double pprice;//商品單價

    //數量
    private Integer number;//購買數量
}
order實體 
//商品
@Entity(name = "shop_product")
@Data
public class Product {
    @Id
    @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)
    private Integer pid;//主鍵

    private String pname;//商品名稱
    private Double pprice;//商品價格
    private Integer stock;//庫存
}
product 
//用戶
@Entity(name = "shop_user")//實體類跟數據表的對應
@Data
public class User {
    @Id
    @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)//數據庫自增
    private Integer uid;//主鍵
    private String username;//用戶名
    private String password;//密碼
    private String telephone;//手機號
}
user

 3.2：shop-user  

<dependencies>
        <!--springboot-web-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!--shop-common-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.chenpt</groupId>
            <artifactId>shop-mommon</artifactId>
            <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
            <scope>compile</scope>
        </dependency>

    </dependencies>
pom.xml 
server:
  port: 8071
spring:
  application:
    name: service-user
  datasource:
    driver-class-name: com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
    url: jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/shop?serverTimezone=UTC&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8&useSSL=true
    username: root
    password: root
  jpa:
    properties:
      hibernate:
        hbm2ddl:
          auto: update
        dialect: org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL5InnoDBDialect
  cloud:
    nacos:
      discovery:
        server-addr: 127.0.0.1:8848
application.yml

3.3：shop-product

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <parent>
        <artifactId>springcloud-alibaba</artifactId>
        <groupId>com.chenpt</groupId>
        <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    </parent>
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <artifactId>shop-product</artifactId>


    <dependencies>
        <!--springboot-web-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!--shop-common-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.chenpt</groupId>
            <artifactId>shop-mommon</artifactId>
            <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
            <scope>compile</scope>
        </dependency>
      
    </dependencies>


</project>
pom.xml 
server:
  port: 8081
spring:
  application:
    name: service-product
  datasource:
    driver-class-name: com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
    url: jdbc:mysql://192.168.61.131:3306/shop?serverTimezone=UTC&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8&useSSL=true
    username: root
    password: root
  jpa:
    properties:
      hibernate:
        hbm2ddl:
          auto: update
        dialect: org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL5InnoDBDialect
application.yml

工程主類

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.EnableDiscoveryClient;

@SpringBootApplication
public class ProductApplication {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(ProductApplication.class,args);
    }
}
ProductApplication

創建dao

import com.chenpt.domain.Product;
import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.JpaRepository;

public interface ProductDao extends JpaRepository<Product, Integer> {
}
ProductDao

service接口及實現類

public interface ProductService {

    //根據pid查詢商品信息
    Product findByPid(Integer pid);

}
ProductService 
@Service
public class ProductServiceImpl implements ProductService {

    @Autowired
    private ProductDao productDao;

    @Override
    public Product findByPid(Integer pid) {
        return productDao.findById(pid).get();
    }

}
ProductServiceImpl

創建cotroller

@RestController
@Slf4j
public class ProductController {

    @Autowired
    private ProductService productService;


    //商品信息查詢
    @RequestMapping("/product/{pid}")
    public Product product(@PathVariable("pid") Integer pid) {
        log.info("接下來要進行{}號商品信息的查詢", pid);
        Product product = productService.findByPid(pid);
        log.info("商品信息查詢成功,內容為{}", JSON.toJSONString(product));
        return product;
    }

}
ProductController

 啟動工程，等到數據庫表創建完畢之后，加入測試數據

INSERT INTO shop_product VALUE(NULL,'小米','1000','5000');
INSERT INTO shop_product VALUE(NULL,'華為','2000','5000');
INSERT INTO shop_product VALUE(NULL,'蘋果','3000','5000');
INSERT INTO shop_product VALUE(NULL,'OPPO','4000','5000');

3.4：shop-order

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <parent>
        <artifactId>springcloud-alibaba</artifactId>
        <groupId>com.chenpt</groupId>
        <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    </parent>
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <artifactId>shop-order</artifactId>

    <dependencies>
        <!--springboot-web-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!--shop-common-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.chenpt</groupId>
            <artifactId>shop-mommon</artifactId>
            <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
            <scope>compile</scope>
        </dependency>
        
    </dependencies>


</project>
pom.xml 
@SpringBootApplication
public class OrderApplication {
    public static void main(String[] args){
        SpringApplication.run(OrderApplication.class);
    }

    @Bean
    public RestTemplate getRestTemplate() {
       return new RestTemplate();
    }

}
orderApplication

dao

public interface OrderDao extends JpaRepository<Order,Integer> {
}

service

public interface OrderService {
    void save(Order order);
}

serviceImpl

@Service
public class OrderServiceImpl implements OrderService {

    @Autowired
    private OrderDao orderDao;


    @Override
    public void save(Order order) {
        orderDao.save(order);
    }
}
@Slf4j
@RestController
@RequestMapping("/order")
public class OrderController {

    private static final String PRODUCT_URL = "http://localhost:8081/product/";
    private static final String PRODUCT_SERVER = "service-product";

    @Autowired
    private OrderService orderService;
    @Autowired
    private RestTemplate restTemplate;

   /**
     * 采用restTemplate調用商品微服務
     * 硬編碼風格 后期不容易維護   無法實現集群
     * @param pid
     * @return
     */
    @GetMapping("/prod/{pid}")
    public Order order3(@PathVariable("pid") Integer pid){
        log.info(">>>客戶下單，調用商品微服務查詢商品信息<<<");
        // 采用restTemplate調用
        Product product = restTemplate.getForObject(PRODUCT_URL+pid, Product.class);
        log.info(">>商品信息,查詢結果:" + JSON.toJSONString(product));
        Order order = new Order();
        order.setUid(1);
        order.setUsername("測試用戶1");
        order.setPid(product.getPid());
        order.setPname(product.getPname());
        order.setPprice(product.getPprice());
        order.setNumber(1);
        orderService.save(order);
        return order;
    }
}
OrderController

至此整個環境就算搭建完畢，不過目前沒接入微服務的組件，也就屬於maven多模塊開發 進行了拆分

通過orderController模擬下單請求  可以發現order服務調用商品服務采用的是restTemplate方式，其中商品服務的信息都是硬編碼到order服務中，其中弊端一目了然

比如：

  1. 　　商品服務掛了，將導致整個服務不可用
  2. 　　地址變更，手動修改
  3. 　　服務增多后期維護復雜
  4. 　　多個服務提供者無法實現負載均衡

接下來就以此項目為基礎進行微服務學習  


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