基於vue cli創建一個vue項目
首先安裝最新的vue cli腳手架,
npm install --global @vue/cli
npm WARN optional SKIPPING OPTIONAL DEPENDENCY: fsevents@1.2.13 (node_modules\@vue\cli\node_modules\fsevents):
npm WARN notsup SKIPPING OPTIONAL DEPENDENCY: Unsupported platform for fsevents@1.2.13: wanted {"os":"darwin","arch":"any"} (current: {"os":"win32","arch":"x64"}) + @vue/cli@4.4.6 added 1230 packages from 670 contributors in 118.122s
查看安裝的vue -V
@vue/cli 4.4.6
創建項目:vue create my-project-name(“my-project-name”,這個可以根據需要命名,盡量用英文)
Vue CLI v4.4.6
? Please pick a preset: Manually select features ? Check the features needed for your project: Babel, TS, Router, Vuex, CSS Pre-processors, Linter ? Use class-style component syntax? Yes ? Use Babel alongside TypeScript (required for modern mode, auto-detected polyfills, transpiling JSX)? Yes ? Use history mode for router? (Requires proper server setup for index fallback in production) Yes ? Pick a CSS pre-processor (PostCSS, Autoprefixer and CSS Modules are supported by default): Sass/SCSS (with node-sass) ? Pick a linter / formatter config: Prettier ? Pick additional lint features: Lint on save ? Where do you prefer placing config for Babel, ESLint, etc.? In dedicated config files ? Save this as a preset for future projects? Yes ? Save preset as: ts_tmpl
創建完成之后,會出現如下提示
⚓ Running completion hooks...
� Generating README.md...
� Successfully created project my-project-name. � Get started with the following commands: $ cd my-project-name $ npm run serve
根據提示執行命令
E:\vue_codes>cd my-project-name
E:\vue_codes\my-project-name>npm run serve > my-project-name@0.1.0 serve E:\vue_codes\my-project-name > vue-cli-service serve INFO Starting development server... Starting type checking service... Using 1 worker with 2048MB memory limit 98% after emitting CopyPlugin DONE Compiled successfully in 5304ms 上午11:13:54 No type errors found Version: typescript 3.9.7 Time: 3160ms App running at: - Local: http://localhost:8080/ - Network: http://192.168.1.95:8080/ Note that the development build is not optimized. To create a production build, run npm run build.
在瀏覽器輸入地址:http://localhost:8080/
出現如上圖所示界面,表示項目創建成功了。
生成的代碼目錄結構如下:
兩個聲明文件:shims-vue.d.ts和shims.tsx.d.ts
shims-vue.d.ts:由於 TypeScript 默認並不支持 *.vue 后綴的文件,所以在 vue 項目中引入的時候需要創建一個shims-vue.d.ts 文件,放在項目項目對應使用目錄下,例如 src/shims-vue.d.ts,用來支持*.vue 后綴的文件
shims-tsx.d.ts:允許.tsx 結尾的文件,在 Vue 項目中編寫 jsx 代碼
tsconfig.json:
typescript配置文件,主要用於指定待編譯的文件和定義編譯選項
normalize.css:Normalize.css 是一個可以定制的CSS文件,它讓不同的瀏覽器在渲染網頁元素的時候形式更統一。Normalize.css是一種CSS reset的替代方案。
.browserslistrc:這個配置能夠分享目標瀏覽器和nodejs版本在不同的前端工具。這些工具能根據目標瀏覽器自動來進行配置,Browserslist這個東西單獨是沒用的,(補充: 在vue官方腳手架中,browserslist字段會被 @babel/preset-env 和 Autoprefixer 用來確定需要轉譯的 JavaScript 特性和需要添加的 CSS 瀏覽器前綴。)
browserslist的配置文件:
> 1% 兼容全球使用率大於1%的游覽器
last 2 versions 兼容每個游覽器的最近兩個版本
not ie <= 8 不兼容ie8及以下
具體可見 browserslist。
改造項目結構
這種組件項目和我們日常的項目還是有很大區別的,由於前面我采用的是vue cli創建的完整模板項目,這里許多東西用不到,我們就將其刪掉,最終項目目錄結構如下:
examples:是組件使用示例
src/components:是組件源碼
package.json代碼如下:
{
"name": "jie-echarts", "version": "0.1.0", "private": false, "description": "echarts組件", "main": "dist/JieEcharts.common.js", "author": "zouqj<zouyujie@126.com>", "license": "MIT", "scripts": { "serve": "vue-cli-service serve", "build": "vue-cli-service build", "lint": "vue-cli-service lint", "lib": "vue-cli-service build --target lib --name JieEcharts ./src/index.ts" },
"type": "git",
"url": "git+https://github.com/zouyujie/vue-components/tree/master/jie-echarts"
},
"bugs": {
"url": "https://github.com/zouyujie/vue-components/issues"
},
"homepage": "https://github.com/zouyujie/vue-components/tree/master/jie-echarts",
"keywords": [
"vue",
"vuejs",
"typescript",
"vuecli4.x"
],
"dependencies": { "core-js": "^3.6.5", "echarts": "^4.8.0", "ts-loader": "^8.0.1", "vue": "^2.6.11", "vue-class-component": "^7.2.3", "vue-property-decorator": "^8.4.2", "vue-router": "^3.2.0", "vuex": "^3.4.0" }, "devDependencies": { "@types/echarts": "^4.6.4", "@typescript-eslint/eslint-plugin": "^2.33.0", "@typescript-eslint/parser": "^2.33.0", "@vue/cli-plugin-babel": "~4.4.0", "@vue/cli-plugin-eslint": "~4.4.0", "@vue/cli-plugin-router": "~4.4.0", "@vue/cli-plugin-typescript": "~4.4.0", "@vue/cli-plugin-vuex": "~4.4.0", "@vue/cli-service": "~4.4.0", "@vue/eslint-config-prettier": "^6.0.0", "@vue/eslint-config-typescript": "^5.0.2", "eslint": "^6.7.2", "eslint-plugin-prettier": "^3.1.3", "eslint-plugin-vue": "^6.2.2", "node-sass": "^4.12.0", "prettier": "^1.19.1", "sass-loader": "^8.0.2", "typescript": "~3.9.3", "vue-template-compiler": "^2.6.11" } }
重點注意標紅部分的配置。
tsconfig.json
{
"compilerOptions": { "target": "esnext", "module": "esnext", "strict": true, "jsx": "preserve", "importHelpers": true, "moduleResolution": "node", "experimentalDecorators": true, "esModuleInterop": true, "allowSyntheticDefaultImports": true, "sourceMap": true, "baseUrl": ".", "typeRoots": ["/@types", "./node_modules/@types"], "types": ["webpack-env"], "paths": { "@/*": ["src/*"] }, "lib": ["esnext", "dom", "dom.iterable", "scripthost"] }, "include": [ "src/**/*.ts", "src/**/*.tsx", "src/**/*.vue", "tests/**/*.ts", "tests/**/*.tsx" ], "exclude": ["node_modules"] }
vue.config.js代碼如下:
'use strict';
// Template version: 1.3.1 // see http://vuejs-templates.github.io/webpack for documentation. const UglifyJsPlugin = require('uglifyjs-webpack-plugin'); const webpack = require('webpack'); const path = require('path'); const resolve = (dir) => path.resolve(__dirname, dir); module.exports = { // 修改 src 目錄 為 examples 目錄 pages: { index: { entry: 'examples/main.ts', template: 'public/index.html', filename: 'index.html', }, }, // vue 通過 file-loader 用版本哈希值和正確的公共基礎路徑來決定最終的圖片路徑,再用 url-loader 將小於 4kb 的 // 圖片內聯,以減少 HTTP 請求的數量。所以我們可以通過 chainWebpack 調整圖片的大小限制。例如,我們將 // 圖片大小限制設置為 13kb,低於13kb的圖片全部被內聯,高於13kb的圖片會放在單獨的img文件夾中。 chainWebpack: (config) => { const imagesRule = config.module.rule('images'); imagesRule .use('url-loader') .loader('url-loader') .tap((options) => Object.assign(options, { limit: 13312 })); }, // 設置css: { extract: false },可以強制內聯,就不會將css單獨打包成一個文件,導致頁面沒有style css: { extract: false }, productionSourceMap: false, };
說明:UglifyJS Webpack Plugin插件用來縮小(壓縮優化)js文件,修改應用入口文件,examples/main.ts,方便執行npm run serve的時候,可以直接查看組件的示例。
.npmignore可以將一些不需要發布到npm的文件忽略掉,.npmignore配置如下:
.*
package-lock.json /.git/ /.vscode/ tslint.json tsconfig.json *.log .DS_Store /dist /examples /node_modules /public /src /tests .browserslistrc jest.config.js vue.config.js # local env files .env.local .env.*.local # Log files npm-debug.log* yarn-debug.log* yarn-error.log* # Editor directories and files .idea .vscode .gitignore .npmignore .npmrc *.suo *.ntvs* *.njsproj *.sln *.sw?
components下面
index.ts代碼,以插件的形式進行封裝,方便全局引用:
import jieEcharts from './jie-echarts.vue';
(jieEcharts as any).install = (Vue: any) => { Vue.component(jieEcharts.name, jieEcharts); }; export default jieEcharts;
jie-echarts.vue,是組件源碼,代碼:
<template>
<!-- 每一個圖表都有自己唯一的id,需要動態傳入。 -->
<div :ref="id" :id="id" :class="myclass" :style="style" />
</template>
<script lang="ts">
import { Component, Vue, Prop, Watch } from "vue-property-decorator"; import Echarts from "echarts"; @Component({ name: "jie-echarts" }) export default class extends Vue { @Prop({ default: "myCharts" }) private id!: string; @Prop({ default: "100%" }) private width!: string; @Prop({ default: "200px" }) private height!: string; @Prop({ default: "echarts-line" }) private myclass!: string; @Prop() private options!: object; @Prop({ default: false }) private loading!: boolean; private MyEcharts: any = null; // echarts實例 created() { console.log("this.options :>> ", this.options); } mounted() { this.InitCharts(); } get style() { return { height: this.height, width: this.width }; } @Watch("options", { deep: true }) onChangeOption(newVal: string, oldVal: string) { if (this.MyEcharts) { if (newVal) { // console.log(JSON.stringify(newVal)) this.MyEcharts.setOption(newVal, true); } else { this.MyEcharts.setOption(oldVal, true); } setTimeout(() => { this.MyEcharts.resize(); }); } else { this.InitCharts(); } } @Watch("height") onChangeHeight(val: string) { if (val) { this.height = val; } if (this.MyEcharts) { this.MyEcharts.setOption(this.options, true); } else { this.InitCharts(); } } @Watch("loading") onChangeLoading(val: boolean) { if (val == true) { this.showLoading(); } if (val == false) { this.hideLoading(); } } //-----------------------method---------------------- // 組件初始化 private InitCharts() { const dom: any = this.$refs[this.id] as HTMLDivElement; // document.getElementById(this.id); this.MyEcharts = Echarts.init(dom); if (this.loading == true) { this.showLoading(); } /** * 此方法適用於所有項目的圖表,但是每個配置都需要在父組件傳進來,相當於每個圖表的配置都需要寫一遍,不是特別的省代碼,主要是靈活度高 * echarts的配置項,你可以直接在外邊配置好,直接扔進來一個this.option */ this.MyEcharts.clear(); // 適用於大數據量的切換時圖表繪制錯誤,先清空在重繪 this.MyEcharts.setOption(this.options, true); // 設置為true可以是圖表切換數據時重新渲染 setTimeout(() => { this.MyEcharts.resize(); }); // 當窗口變化時隨瀏覽器大小而改變 window.addEventListener("resize", () => { this.MyEcharts.resize(); }); this.MyEcharts.on("click", (params: any) => { this.mapClick(params); }); } //組件單擊事件 private mapClick(params: any) { // console.log(params, 999999); const data = { color: params.color, data: params.data, dataIndex: params.dataIndex, seriesIndex: params.seriesIndex, chartType: params.componentSubType }; this.$parent.$emit("chartParams", JSON.stringify(data)); if (params.seriesType == "map") { this.$emit("mapValue", params.name); } this.$emit("eclick", params); } private showLoading() { if (this.MyEcharts) { this.MyEcharts.showLoading({ text: "loading" // color: '#4cbbff', // textColor: '#4cbbff', }); } } private hideLoading() { if (this.MyEcharts) { this.MyEcharts.hideLoading(); } }
beforeDestroy() {
window.removeEventListener("resize", () => {
this.MyEcharts.resize();
});
} } </script> <style lang="scss" scoped> .echarts-line { height: 100%; } </style>
@types目錄下:
component.d.ts代碼:
import Vue from 'vue';
export class VanComponent {
static name: string;
static install(vue: typeof Vue): void; }
說明:@types是npm的一個分支,當我們把npm包發上去,npm包就會托管到服務器,供大家下載,但是ts為了代碼的可復用性,要申明一些靜態類型文件,那些文件就是*.d.ts
shims-vue.d.ts代碼:
declare module "*.vue" {
import Vue from "vue"; export default Vue; }
App.vue,組件引入演示界面,代碼:
<template>
<div id="app">
<jie-echarts :options="echartsOptions"></jie-echarts>
</div>
</template>
<script lang="ts">
import { Component, Vue, Watch, Prop } from "vue-property-decorator"; import jieEcharts from "../src/index"; @Component({ components: { jieEcharts } }) export default class TestJieEchartsPreview extends Vue { protected echartsOptions = { xAxis: { type: "category", data: ["Mon", "Tue", "Wed", "Thu", "Fri", "Sat", "Sun"] }, yAxis: { type: "value" }, series: [ { data: [820, 932, 901, 934, 1290, 1330, 1320], type: "line" } ] }; } </script> <style lang="scss"> #app { font-family: Avenir, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; -moz-osx-font-smoothing: grayscale; text-align: center; color: #2c3e50; } #nav { padding: 30px; a { font-weight: bold; color: #2c3e50; &.router-link-exact-active { color: #42b983; } } } </style>
執行npm run serve,運行結果如下:
發布到NPM

3.執行npm login,進行登錄
PS E:\vue_codes\my-project-name> npm login
Username: zouyujie
Password:
Email: (this IS public) zouyujie@126.com
如果你是使用的淘寶鏡像,注意啊要先切換到npm官網鏡像,切換方式:npm config set registry https://registry.npmjs.org/
4.執行命令 npm publish,進行發布,如果出現如下圖所示錯誤:
說明郵箱沒有綁定成功,點擊https://www.npmjs.com/email-edit,進行綁定,然后重新執行npm publish,運行結果如下:
PS E:\vue_codes\my-project-name> npm publish
npm notice
npm notice package: jie-echarts@0.1.0 npm notice === Tarball Contents === npm notice 632B dist/index.html npm notice 4.3kB dist/favicon.ico npm notice 66B babel.config.js npm notice 965.0kB dist/js/chunk-vendors.80f39f1d.js npm notice 6.3kB dist/js/index.f9222971.js npm notice 1.4kB package.json npm notice 327B README.md npm notice === Tarball Details === npm notice name: jie-echarts npm notice version: 0.1.0 npm notice package size: 341.3 kB npm notice unpacked size: 978.0 kB npm notice shasum: 2b65bfa887ba4677dc95a36a4b0403ebfecc9fde npm notice integrity: sha512-RwSE3lC8N3wZT[...]b1b9cvJ8UtL/w== npm notice total files: 7 npm notice + jie-echarts@0.1.0
至此,npm發布成功。
然后我們去npm上,查看我們發布的npm包,
如果能看到如下圖所示界面:
說明已發布成功。
注意:每次重新發布都要記得修改一下版本號,否則會發布失敗。發布成功后,你的npm郵箱都會受到一封npm組件發布成功的郵件通知。
npm上地址:https://www.npmjs.com/package/jie-echarts
安裝jie-echarts
npm i jie-echarts