pytest之fixture的scope作用范圍

scope有4個作用范圍：function、class、module、session

function：每個函數或方法都會調用

class：每個類只調用1次

module：每個模塊只調用1次

session：多個模塊調用1次，通常寫在conftest中

scope=function

"""
scope=function
執行順序：setup_module ->fixture->test ->fixture->test ..
"""

@pytest.fixture() 
def login():
    print('登陸')

@pytest.fixture(scope='function')
def logout():
    print('登出')

def setup_module():
    print(f'setup')

def test_s1(login):
    print('s1')

def test_s2(logout):
    print('s2')

def test_s3():
    print('s3')

if __name__ == '__main__':
    pytest.main(['-q','s001_function.py'])

運行結果：

collecting ... collected 3 items

s001_function.py::test_s1 setup
登陸
PASSED                                         [ 33%]s1

s001_function.py::test_s2 登出
PASSED                                         [ 66%]s2

s001_function.py::test_s3 PASSED                                         [100%]s3

　　

scope=function使用在類中

import pytest

"""
scope=fuction
運行順序：setup_method -> fixture -> test -> setup_method -> fixture -> test
"""

@pytest.fixture()
def login():
    print('登陸')

@pytest.fixture(scope='function')
def logout():
    print('登出')

class Test1:
    def setup_method(self):
        print('setup_method')

    def test_s1(self,login):
        print('s1')

    def test_s2(self,logout):
        print('s2')

if __name__ == '__main__':
    pytest.main(['-q','s002_function_運用在class中.py'])

運行結果

collecting ... collected 2 items

s002_function_運用在class中.py::Test1::test_s1 setup_method
登陸
PASSED                    [ 50%]s1

s002_function_運用在class中.py::Test1::test_s2 setup_method
登出
PASSED                    [100%]s2


============================== 2 passed in 0.20s ==============================

　　

scope=class

import pytest

"""
scope=class
1、若class中的每個test用例都調用了login，只在class所有用例執行前運行一次
2、運行順序
    setup_class -> fixture函數（整個類的運行過程中只運行一次，測試用例執行前）-> 測試用例
"""

@pytest.fixture(scope='class')
def login():
    print('登陸')

class Test2:
    def setup_class(self):
        print('setup')

    def test_s1(self,login):
        print('s1')

    def test_s2(self,login):
        print('s2')

    def test_s3(self):
        print('s3')

if __name__ == '__main__':
    pytest.main(['-q','s003_class.py'])

運行結果：

collecting ... collected 3 items

s003_class.py::Test2::test_s1 setup
登陸
PASSED                                     [ 33%]s1

s003_class.py::Test2::test_s2 PASSED                                     [ 66%]s2

s003_class.py::Test2::test_s3 PASSED                                     [100%]s3


============================== 3 passed in 0.22s ==============================

　　

scope=module

import pytest
"""
scope=module：整個.py模塊中login只執行一次
執行順序：setup_module -> fixture -> tests
"""

@pytest.fixture(scope='module')
def login():
    print('登陸')

def setup_module():
    print('setup_module')

def test_s1(login):
    print('s1')

class Test1:
    def test_s2(self,login):
        print('s2')

if __name__ == '__main__':
    pytest.main(['-q', 's004_module.py'])

運行結果：

collecting ... collected 2 items

s004_module.py::test_s1 setup_module
登陸
PASSED                                           [ 50%]s1

s004_module.py::Test1::test_s2 PASSED                                    [100%]s2


============================== 2 passed in 0.19s ==============================

　　

scope=session

scope=session，可以跨多個.py文件，若多個py模塊中的用例都調用了 fixture，只會運行一次（在調用fixture的用例開始時運行一次）

fixture(scope='session') 函數寫在 conftest.py 文件中

conftest.py 文件文件名固定，放在工程根目錄則是全局使用，放在某個package下，則只針對該package下的py文件有效

  conftest.py

import pytest

@pytest.fixture(scope='session')
def gblogin():
    print('gb登陸--session')

如上，test_001 和 test_005中分別調用了gblogin

test_001

import pytest

"""
:arg scope: scope 有四個級別參數 "function" (默認), "class", "module" or "session".

scope=function
執行順序：setup_module ->fixture->test ->fixture->test ..
"""

@pytest.fixture()
def login():
    print('登陸')

@pytest.fixture(scope='function')
def logout():
    print('登出')

def setup_module():
    print(f'setup')

def test_s1(login):
    print('s1')

def test_s2(logout):
    print('s2')

def test_s3(gblogin):
    print('s3')

test_005

import pytest

def test1(gblogin):
    print('s1')

執行所有測試用例：

E:\f004_fixtrue\f02_scope>pytest -s

運行結果：

collected 11 items

test_001_function.py setup
登陸
s1
.登出
s2
.gb登陸--session
s3
.
test_002_function_運用在class中.py setup_method
登陸
s1
.setup_method
登出
s2
.
test_003_class.py setup
登陸
s1
.s2
.s3
.
test_004_module.py setup_module
登陸
s1
.s2
.
test_005_session.py s1
.

================================================= 11 passed in 0.53s ==================================================