VScode如何配置c/c++運行環境


vscode如何配置c/c++環境

下載

  1. Mingw

參考鏈接:https://blog.csdn.net/jiqiren_dasheng/article/details/103775488

筆者下載的x86_64-8.1.0-release-win32-sjlj離線包存放在百度網盤,需要的讀者可以前往取用。

鏈接:https://pan.baidu.com/s/17hp8J_VDJwc9HjuocPBn4A
提取碼:ulaj
  1. 下載VS Code,官網下載地址,Github托管地址;

安裝

安裝VS Code

下載好VS Code后,安裝時可以自己選擇安裝路徑,其他的添加在windows右鍵菜單創建

參見鏈接:https://www.php.cn/tool/vscode/450800.html

image-20200723123409555

安裝Mingw-w64

安裝Mingw-w64時,在Architecture一欄如果32位就選i686,如果64位就選擇x86_64,其他的默認就好。安裝目錄我自定在d盤

安裝C/C++支持插件

打開VS Code在插件商店搜索C/C++這個插件進行安裝。

image-20200723123601920

配置

新建一個文件夾,然后,右鍵選擇用VS Code打開,打開之后新建一個.c文件,進行環境配置。

配置 launch.json文件

點擊左邊活動欄的調試按鈕,然后,點擊配置按鈕選擇環境C++(GDB/LLDB);

image-20200723123738184

參見這個圖片

之后在這個文件夾里會多出一個文件夾.vscode,這個文件夾里會生成一個json文件——launch.json,然后將下面的代碼替換掉里面的代碼;

{
    "version": "0.2.0",
    "configurations": [

        {
            "name": "(gdb)c_launch",
            "type": "cppdbg",
            "request": "launch",
            "targetArchitecture": "x64",
            "program": "${workspaceFolder}/${fileBasenameNoExtension}.exe",
            "miDebuggerPath": "D:/init_all/vscode_editor/Mingwgcc/mingw64/bin/gdb.exe",
            "MIMode": "gdb",
            "args": [],
            "stopAtEntry": false,
            "cwd": "${workspaceRoot}",
            "environment": [],
            "internalConsoleOptions": "openOnFirstSessionStart",
            "externalConsole": true,
            "preLaunchTask": "gcc"
        }
    ]
}

其中,第12行的*targetArchitecture*根據自己所需的構架來更改,第14行的*miDebuggerPath*需要按照Mingw-w64的安裝目錄來更改,其他的默認就好;

配置 tasks.json文件

在狀態欄上選擇Terminal,在下拉選項中選擇configTure Tasks...;然后選擇使用模板創建 tasks.json 文件這個選項;

接着就是選擇Others 運行任意外部命令的示例這個選項;參考鏈接

隨之則會生成一個tasks.json的文件,然后將下面的代碼替換掉里面的代碼;

tasks.json

{
    // See https://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkId=733558
    // for the documentation about the tasks.json format
    "version": "2.0.0",
    "command": "gcc",
    "args": ["-Wall", "-g", "${file}", "-o", "${fileBasenameNoExtension}.exe"],
    "echoCommand": true,
    "problemMatcher": {
        "owner": "cpp",
        "fileLocation": ["relative", "${workspaceFolder}"],
        "pattern": {
            "regexp": "^(.*):(\\d+):(\\d+):\\s+(warning|error):\\s+(.*)$",
            "file": 1,
            "line": 2,
            "column": 3,
            "severity": 4,
            "message": 5
        }
    },
    "group": {
        "kind": "build",
        "isDefault": true
    }
}

調試測試

image-20200723124456929

#include <stdio.h>

int main(void)
{
    int a = 1;
    int b = 2;
    int c = 0;

    c = a + b;
    
    printf("%d + %d = %d", a, b, c);

    return 0;
}

還存在着一個問題——頭文件哪里會出現一條綠色的波浪線,並且沒有自動補全的功能;

配置 c_cpp_properties.json文件

光標放在頭文件哪里會出現一個黃色的小燈泡,點擊之后選擇Edit "includePath" setting,隨之會多出一個json文件c_cpp_properties.json,然后找到與Windows相關的頭文件路徑配置代碼,即在"name": "Win32"的下面。根據Mingw-w64的安裝路徑找到頭文件的所在路徑,分別放在includePathpath中,即是下面有注釋的地方:

c_cpp_properties.json

{
    "configurations": [
        {
            "name": "Mac",
            "includePath": [
                "/usr/include",
                "/usr/local/include",
                "${workspaceRoot}"
            ],
            "defines": [],
            "intelliSenseMode": "clang-x64",
            "browse": {
                "path": [
                    "/usr/include",
                    "/usr/local/include",
                    "${workspaceRoot}"
                ],
                "limitSymbolsToIncludedHeaders": true,
                "databaseFilename": ""
            },
            "macFrameworkPath": [
                "/System/Library/Frameworks",
                "/Library/Frameworks"
            ]
        },
        {
            "name": "Linux",
            "includePath": [
                "/usr/include",
                "/usr/local/include",
                "${workspaceRoot}"
            ],
            "defines": [],
            "intelliSenseMode": "clang-x64",
            "browse": {
                "path": [
                    "/usr/include",
                    "/usr/local/include",
                    "${workspaceRoot}"
                ],
                "limitSymbolsToIncludedHeaders": true,
                "databaseFilename": ""
            }
        },
        {
            "name": "Win32",
            "includePath": [
                "C:/mingw-w64/mingw64/include",
                "C:/mingw-w64/mingw64/x86_64-w64-mingw32/include",
                //根據Mingw-w64的安裝路徑更改
                "${workspaceRoot}"
            ],
            "defines": [
                "_DEBUG",
                "UNICODE"
            ],
            "intelliSenseMode": "msvc-x64",
            "browse": {
                "path": [
                    "C:/mingw-w64/mingw64/include",
                    "C:/mingw-w64/mingw64/x86_64-w64-mingw32/include",
                    //根據Mingw-w64的安裝路徑更改
                    "${workspaceRoot}"
                ],
                "limitSymbolsToIncludedHeaders": true,
                "databaseFilename": ""
            }
        }
    ],
    "version": 3
}

現在沒有了綠色波浪線,也可以實現自動補全了,所以配置完成。

使用的時候注意用打斷點運行,先打斷點,然后F5;這樣才能看到黑窗口

以上內容參考鏈接有

主要配置和使用:https://www.jianshu.com/p/b7cc0e36cd5f

vscode右鍵項目文件夾打開方法:https://www.php.cn/tool/vscode/450800.html

MinGW-w64 C/C++編譯器下載和安裝

https://blog.csdn.net/jiqiren_dasheng/article/details/103775488

https://pan.baidu.com/s/17hp8J_VDJwc9HjuocPBn4A

寫本文的目的是結合自身實踐,有些地方有出入,我來分享我自己遇到的問題以及如何解決的。


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