MinGW，Minimalist GNU for Windows，windows最簡化的GNU，就是一個C的編譯工具集，轉為windows操作系統下的C/C++開發者服務。我們從官網下載安裝程序，打開官網后右邊菜單欄點擊Downloads：
跳往下載列表頁面后，往下拉，點擊安裝程序下載：
最后雙擊該exe執行安裝，彈出安裝界面：
接下來默認給你設置好了安裝目錄和勾選了默認設置，點擊繼續：
最后進入安裝包階段，左邊窗口有兩個按鈕：基礎必備的和全部的，對應右邊的詳細列表：
點擊復選框，下面窗口會說明這個包用來干嘛， 在彈出的框中點擊Mark for Installation安裝標記后，點擊左上角的Installation -> Apply Changes：
雖然只是這幾個基礎包，下載也不容易，畢竟是外網，老是鏈接超時：
而且它會反復嘗試，退不出來，只能用任務管理器把它kill掉。既然此路不通，只能另走他路。我們打開命令行，進入C盤的MinGW目錄bin路徑，敲命令安裝：
C:\MinGW\bin>mingw-get install gcc http://osdn.net/dl/mingw/gcc-9.2.0-2-mingw32-lic.tar.xz 21.33 kB / 21.33 kB |================================================| 100% http://osdn.net/dl/mingw/libiconv-1.14-4-mingw32-dll-2.tar.xz 642.41 kB / 642.41 kB |================================================| 100% http://osdn.net/dl/mingw/libatomic-9.2.0-2-mingw32-dll-1.tar.xz 7.47 kB / 7.47 kB |================================================| 100% http://osdn.net/dl/mingw/libgcc-9.2.0-2-mingw32-dll-1.tar.xz 167.01 kB / 167.01 kB |================================================| 100% http://osdn.net/dl/mingw/libgmp-6.1.2-3-mingw32-dll-10.tar.xz 204.25 kB / 204.25 kB |================================================| 100%
如果還是出現鏈接下載失敗：
http://osdn.net/dl/mingw/gcc-9.2.0-2-mingw32-lang.tar.xz 1.57 MB / 1.57 MB |================================================| 100% mingw-get: *** ERROR *** http://osdn.net/dl/mingw/gcc-core-9.2.0-2-mingw32-bin.tar.xz:cannot open URL; status = 12029 mingw-get: *** ERROR *** Get package: http://osdn.net/dl/mingw/gcc-core-9.2.0-2-mingw32-bin.tar.xz: download failed install: gcc-9.2.0-2-mingw32-lic.tar.xz
我們重新執行一次即可，它會把失敗的jar包重新下載：
C:\MinGW\bin>mingw-get install gcc http://osdn.net/dl/mingw/gcc-core-9.2.0-2-mingw32-bin.tar.xz 17.05 MB / 17.05 MB |================================================| 100% install: gcc-9.2.0-2-mingw32-lic.tar.xz mingw-get: *** ERROR *** package gcc-9.2.0-2-mingw32-lic.tar.xz is already installed install: gcc-core-9.2.0-2-mingw32-bin.tar.xz installing gcc-core-9.2.0-2-mingw32-bin.tar.xz install: gcc-core-4.8.2-2-mingw32-dev.tar.lzma mingw-get: *** ERROR *** package gcc-core-4.8.2-2-mingw32-dev.tar.lzma is already installed install: gcc-core-4.8.1-5-mingw32-doc.tar.lzma mingw-get: *** ERROR *** package gcc-core-4.8.1-5-mingw32-doc.tar.lzma is already installed install: gcc-9.2.0-2-mingw32-man.tar.xz mingw-get: *** ERROR *** package gcc-9.2.0-2-mingw32-man.tar.xz is already installed install: gcc-9.2.0-2-mingw32-info.tar.xz mingw-get: *** ERROR *** package gcc-9.2.0-2-mingw32-info.tar.xz is already installed install: gcc-9.2.0-2-mingw32-lang.tar.xz mingw-get: *** ERROR *** package gcc-9.2.0-2-mingw32-lang.tar.xz is already installed
一直下載不下來，我們也可以自己打開上面提示的下載地址頁面，自己去下載：
然后需要手動把下載的包放到指定目錄下：
同上，繼續執行g++、gdb和mingw32-make的下載：
C:\MinGW\bin>mingw-get install g++ http://osdn.net/dl/mingw/gcc-c++-9.2.0-2-mingw32-bin.tar.xz 10.39 MB / 10.39 MB |================================================| 100% http://osdn.net/dl/mingw/gcc-c++-9.2.0-2-mingw32-man.tar.xz 255.52 kB / 255.52 kB |================================================| 100%
C:\MinGW\bin>mingw-get install gdb http://osdn.net/dl/mingw/libz-1.2.11-1-mingw32-dll-1.tar.xz 62.95 kB / 62.95 kB |================================================| 100%
gdb的話這個鏈接http://prdownloads.sourceforge.net死活連不上，我認為這個網址變更了，去掉了前面的prdownloads.變成如下鏈接：https://sourceforge.net/projects/mingw/files/MinGW/Extension
我們把這幾個下載下來：
把上面6個壓縮包放到C:\MinGW\var\cache\mingw-get\packages目錄中，重新安裝一次。
mingw32-make也是如法炮制：
1、命令行執行安裝失敗（還是這個prdownloads.sourceforge.net）：
C:\>mingw-get install mingw32-make mingw-get: *** ERROR *** http://prdownloads.sourceforge.net/mingw/make-3.82.90-2-mingw32-cvs-20120902-bin.tar.lzma?download:cannot open URL; status = 12031 mingw-get: *** ERROR *** Get package: http://prdownloads.sourceforge.net/mingw/make-3.82.90-2-mingw32-cvs-20120902-bin.tar.lzma?download: download failed mingw-get: *** ERROR *** http://prdownloads.sourceforge.net/mingw/make-3.82.90-2-mingw32-cvs-20120902-doc.tar.lzma?download:cannot open URL; status = 12031 mingw-get: *** ERROR *** Get package: http://prdownloads.sourceforge.net/mingw/make-3.82.90-2-mingw32-cvs-20120902-doc.tar.lzma?download: download failed mingw-get: *** ERROR *** http://prdownloads.sourceforge.net/mingw/make-3.82.90-2-mingw32-cvs-20120902-lic.tar.lzma?download:cannot open URL; status = 12031 mingw-get: *** ERROR *** Get package: http://prdownloads.sourceforge.net/mingw/make-3.82.90-2-mingw32-cvs-20120902-lic.tar.lzma?download: download failed mingw-get: *** ERROR *** http://prdownloads.sourceforge.net/mingw/make-3.82.90-2-mingw32-cvs-20120902-lang.tar.lzma?download:cannot open URL; status = 12031 mingw-get: *** ERROR *** Get package: http://prdownloads.sourceforge.net/mingw/make-3.82.90-2-mingw32-cvs-20120902-lang.tar.lzma?download: download failed
2、到sourceforge.net網站上找對應的包（一般都是找最上面那個最新的）：
3、下完后放到mingw的包目錄中：
4、重現用命令行執行以下安裝：
C:\>mingw-get install mingw32-make install: make-3.82.90-2-mingw32-cvs-20120902-bin.tar.lzma installing make-3.82.90-2-mingw32-cvs-20120902-bin.tar.lzma install: make-3.82.90-2-mingw32-cvs-20120902-doc.tar.lzma installing make-3.82.90-2-mingw32-cvs-20120902-doc.tar.lzma install: make-3.82.90-2-mingw32-cvs-20120902-lic.tar.lzma installing make-3.82.90-2-mingw32-cvs-20120902-lic.tar.lzma install: make-3.82.90-2-mingw32-cvs-20120902-lang.tar.lzma installing make-3.82.90-2-mingw32-cvs-20120902-lang.tar.lzma
最后把MinGW配置到系統環境變量中，方便使用以上工具：右鍵點擊“此電腦” -> 選擇“屬性” -> 選“高級系統設置” -> 點“環境變量” -> 選“Path”后點編輯 -> 在彈出框點新建，把C:\MinGW\bin的路徑加進去：
確認下我們的安裝：
C:\Users\wuxun>gcc -v COLLECT_GCC=gcc COLLECT_LTO_WRAPPER=c:/mingw/bin/../libexec/gcc/mingw32/9.2.0/lto-wrapper.exe gcc 版本 9.2.0 (MinGW.org GCC Build-2) C:\Users\wuxun>g++ -v COLLECT_GCC=g++ COLLECT_LTO_WRAPPER=c:/mingw/bin/../libexec/gcc/mingw32/9.2.0/lto-wrapper.exe gcc 版本 9.2.0 (MinGW.org GCC Build-2)
C:\>gdb -v
GNU gdb (GDB) 7.6.1
Copyright (C) 2013 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
License GPLv3+: GNU GPL version 3 or later <http://gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html>
This is free software: you are free to change and redistribute it.
There is NO WARRANTY, to the extent permitted by law. Type "show copying"
and "show warranty" for details.
This GDB was configured as "mingw32".
For bug reporting instructions, please see:
<http://www.gnu.org/software/gdb/bugs/>.
C:\>mingw32-make -v
GNU Make 3.82.90
Built for i686-pc-mingw32
Copyright (C) 1988-2012 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
License GPLv3+: GNU GPL version 3 or later <http://gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html>
This is free software: you are free to change and redistribute it.
There is NO WARRANTY, to the extent permitted by law.