WindowsForm實現警告消息框

警告消息框主要是用來向用戶戶展示諸如警告、異常、完成和提示消息。一般實現的效果就是從系統窗口右下角彈出，然后加上些簡單的顯示和消失的動畫。

創建警告框窗口

首先我們創建一個警告框窗口(Form)，將窗口設置為無邊框(FormBoderStyle=None)，添加上圖片和內容顯示控件

創建好警告框后，我們先讓他能夠從窗口右下角顯示出來,

    public partial class AlertMessageForm : Form
    {
        public AlertMessageForm()
        {
            InitializeComponent();
        }

        private int x, y;

        public void Show(string message)
        {
            this.StartPosition = FormStartPosition.Manual;
            this.x = Screen.PrimaryScreen.WorkingArea.Width - this.Width;
            this.y = Screen.PrimaryScreen.WorkingArea.Height - this.Height;
            this.Location = new Point(x, y);
            labelContent.Text = message;
            this.Show();
        }
    }

警告框顯示和關閉動畫

添加一個計時器，通過時鍾控制窗口背景漸入和淡出

    // 警告框的行為（顯示，停留，退出）
    public enum AlertFormAction
    {
        Start,
        Wait,
        Close
    }

    public partial class AlertMessageForm : Form
    {
        public AlertMessageForm()
        {
            InitializeComponent();
        }

        private int x, y;
        private AlertFormAction action;

        private void timer1_Tick(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            switch (action)
            {
                case AlertFormAction.Start:
                    timer1.Interval = 50;//警告顯示的時間
                    this.Opacity += 0.1;
                    if (this.Opacity == 1.0)
                    {
                        action = AlertFormAction.Wait;
                    }
                    break;
                case AlertFormAction.Wait:
                    timer1.Interval = 3000;//警告框停留時間
                    action = AlertFormAction.Close;
                    break;
                case AlertFormAction.Close:
                    timer1.Interval = 50;//警告退出的時間
                    this.Opacity -= 0.1;
                    if (this.Opacity == 0.0)
                    {
                        this.Close();
                    }
                    break;
                default:
                    break;
            }
        }

        public void Show(string message)
        {
            //設置窗口啟始位置
            this.StartPosition = FormStartPosition.Manual;
            this.x = Screen.PrimaryScreen.WorkingArea.Width - this.Width;
            this.y = Screen.PrimaryScreen.WorkingArea.Height - this.Height;
            this.Location = new Point(x, y);

            labelContent.Text = message;
            this.Opacity = 0.0;

            this.Show();

            action = AlertFormAction.Start;
            //啟動時鍾
            timer1.Start();
        }
    }

處理多種不同類型的警告框

添加AlertType枚舉，讓警告框顯示不同類型的消息，根據消息類型變換不同的消息主題顏色,並未Show方法添加警告框類型參數

   public enum AlertType
   {
       Info,
       Success,
       Warning,
       Error
   }

  // 設置警告框主題
  private void SetAlertTheme(AlertType type)
  {
      switch (type)
      {
          case AlertType.Info:
              this.pictureBox1.Image = Properties.Resources.info;
              this.BackColor = Color.RoyalBlue;
              break;
          case AlertType.Success:
              this.pictureBox1.Image = Properties.Resources.success;
              this.BackColor = Color.SeaGreen;
              break;
          case AlertType.Warning:
              this.pictureBox1.Image = Properties.Resources.warning;
              this.BackColor = Color.DarkOrange;
              break;
          case AlertType.Error:
              this.pictureBox1.Image = Properties.Resources.error;
              this.BackColor = Color.DarkRed;
              break;
          default:
              break;
      }
  }

  // 顯示警告框
  public void Show(string message, AlertType type){
    // ...
    SetAlertTheme(type);
  }
      

處理多個警告框重疊問題

當然，完成上面的處理是不夠的，當有多個消息的時候，消息框會重疊在一起；多個消息時，需要將消息窗口按一定的規則排列，這里我們設置每個消息窗口間隔一定的距離

        public void Show(string message, AlertType type)
        {
            // 設置窗口啟始位置
            this.StartPosition = FormStartPosition.Manual;

            // 設置程序每個打開的消息窗口的位置，超過10個就不做處理，這個可以根據自己的需求設定
            string fname;
            for (int i = 1; i < 10; i++)
            {
                fname = "alert" + i.ToString();
                AlertMessageForm alert = (AlertMessageForm)Application.OpenForms[fname];
                if (alert == null)
                {
                    this.Name = fname;
                    this.x = Screen.PrimaryScreen.WorkingArea.Width - this.Width;
                    this.y = Screen.PrimaryScreen.WorkingArea.Height - this.Height * i - 5 * i;
                    this.Location = new Point(x, y);
                    break;
                }
            }

            labelContent.Text = message;
            this.Opacity = 0.0;
            SetAlertTheme(type);
            this.Show();

            action = AlertFormAction.Start;
            //啟動時鍾
            timer1.Start();
        }

鼠標懸停警告框處理

想要警告框停留的時間長一些，一中方式是直接設置警告框停留的時間長一些，另一種方式是通過判斷鼠標在警告框窗口是否懸停，所以可以通過鼠標的懸停和離開事件進行處理

        private void AlertMessageForm_MouseMove(object sender, MouseEventArgs e)
        {
            this.Opacity = 1.0;
            timer1.Interval = int.MaxValue;//警告框停留時間
            action = AlertFormAction.Close;
        }

        private void AlertMessageForm_MouseLeave(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            this.Opacity = 1.0;
            timer1.Interval = 3000;//警告框停留時間
            action = AlertFormAction.Close;
        }

警告框的完整代碼

    public enum AlertType
    {
        Info,
        Success,
        Warning,
        Error
    }

    public enum AlertFormAction
    {
        Start,
        Wait,
        Close
    }

    public partial class AlertMessageForm : Form
    {
        public AlertMessageForm()
        {
            InitializeComponent();
        }

        private int x, y;
        private AlertFormAction action;

        private void timer1_Tick(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            switch (action)
            {
                case AlertFormAction.Start:
                    timer1.Interval = 50;//警告顯示的時間
                    this.Opacity += 0.1;
                    if (this.Opacity == 1.0)
                    {
                        action = AlertFormAction.Wait;
                    }
                    break;
                case AlertFormAction.Wait:
                    timer1.Interval = 3000;//警告框停留時間
                    action = AlertFormAction.Close;
                    break;
                case AlertFormAction.Close:
                    timer1.Interval = 50;//警告關閉的時間
                    this.Opacity -= 0.1;
                    if (this.Opacity == 0.0)
                    {
                        this.Close();
                    }
                    break;
                default:
                    break;
            }
        }

        public void Show(string message, AlertType type)
        {
            // 設置窗口啟始位置
            this.StartPosition = FormStartPosition.Manual;

            // 設置程序每個打開的消息窗口的位置，超過10個就不做處理，這個可以根據自己的需求設定
            string fname;
            for (int i = 1; i < 10; i++)
            {
                fname = "alert" + i.ToString();
                AlertMessageForm alert = (AlertMessageForm)Application.OpenForms[fname];
                if (alert == null)
                {
                    this.Name = fname;
                    this.x = Screen.PrimaryScreen.WorkingArea.Width - this.Width;
                    this.y = Screen.PrimaryScreen.WorkingArea.Height - this.Height * i - 5 * i;
                    this.Location = new Point(x, y);
                    break;
                }
            }

            labelContent.Text = message;
            this.Opacity = 0.0;
            SetAlertTheme(type);
            this.Show();

            action = AlertFormAction.Start;
            //啟動時鍾
            timer1.Start();
        }

        private void AlertMessageForm_MouseMove(object sender, MouseEventArgs e)
        {
            this.Opacity = 1.0;
            timer1.Interval = int.MaxValue;//警告框停留時間
            action = AlertFormAction.Close;
        }

        private void AlertMessageForm_MouseLeave(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            this.Opacity = 1.0;
            timer1.Interval = 3000;//警告框停留時間
            action = AlertFormAction.Close;
        }

        private void buttonClose_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            // 注銷鼠標事件
            this.MouseLeave-= new System.EventHandler(this.AlertMessageForm_MouseLeave);
            this.MouseMove -= new System.Windows.Forms.MouseEventHandler(this.AlertMessageForm_MouseMove);

            timer1.Interval = 50;//警告關閉的時間
            this.Opacity -= 0.1;
            if (this.Opacity == 0.0)
            {
                this.Close();
            }
        }

        // 設置警告框主題
        private void SetAlertTheme(AlertType type)
        {
            switch (type)
            {
                case AlertType.Info:
                    this.pictureBox1.Image = Properties.Resources.info;
                    this.BackColor = Color.RoyalBlue;
                    break;
                case AlertType.Success:
                    this.pictureBox1.Image = Properties.Resources.success;
                    this.BackColor = Color.SeaGreen;
                    break;
                case AlertType.Warning:
                    this.pictureBox1.Image = Properties.Resources.warning;
                    this.BackColor = Color.DarkOrange;
                    break;
                case AlertType.Error:
                    this.pictureBox1.Image = Properties.Resources.error;
                    this.BackColor = Color.DarkRed;
                    break;
                default:
                    break;
            }
        }
    }