Oracle11.2.0.4升級到oracle12.2.0.1-DBUA圖形工具
源庫：11.2.0.4，OS：Linux6，單機
目標庫：12.2.0.1，OS：Linux6，單機
參考官方文檔：
Complete Checklist for Upgrading to Oracle Database 12c Release 2 (12.2) using DBUA (Doc ID 2189854.1)
一、升級前規划考慮
（1）版本生命周期
（2）升級路線圖
（3）Database Upgrade Assistant (DBUA)
• Database Upgrade Assistant (DBUA) interactively steps you through the upgrade process. configures the database for the new Oracle Database 12c release 2. It is the recommended method for performing a major release upgrade or patchset release upgrade.
• DBUA automates the upgrade process by performing all of the tasks. DBUA makes appropriate recommendations for configuration options and then you can act on these recommendations.
• DBUA provides support for Oracle Real Application Clusters (Oracle RAC) databases. In an Oracle RAC environment, DBUA upgrade all the database and configuration files on all nodes in the cluster.
• DBUA, graphical user interface must be invoked within the new Oracle home where the Oracle Database 12c R2 software has been installed.
For windows, Only an Administrator or Installed owner should invoke DBUA for Windows systems.
• DBUA starts the Pre-Upgrade Tool, which automatically fixes some configuration settings to the values required for the upgrade. For example, the Pre-Upgrade Tool can change initialization parameters to values required for the upgrade. The Pre-Upgrade Tool also provides you with a list of items that you need to fix manually before you can continue with the upgrade.
• It also gives certain recommendations on certain areas belonging to the database. The recommendations can then be acted on making the upgrade process user friendly and easy.
• Once, you address / fix the pre-upgrade recommendation / warnings /errors and continue with the upgrade, DBUYA shows the progress of the upgrade for each component of source database.
• As with previous releases of DBUA, 12c DBUA restricts the carry over of hidden parameters since Oracle recommends not to have hidden parameters other than those suggested via support during the upgrade.
To view existing hidden parameters execute the following command while connected AS SYSDBA:
SELECT name,description from SYS.V$PARAMETER WHERE name LIKE '\_%' ESCAPE '\';
• DBUA performs some of the checks before actually starting the database upgrade. Some of the checks can be done manually to reduce downtime for the upgrade.
• DBUA provides below options:
- Upgrade timezone. The default timezone vetrsion in 12.2.0.1 is 26.
- Gather dictionary statistics before upgrade.
- Make user tablespaces read only.
- Take RMAN backup before upgrade.
- Restore database backup to rollback upgrade
- Option to execute Custom scripts before and after upgrade
- show the location of DBUA logs and Alert log files.
- Option to upgrade existing listener to 12c home or create a new listener in 12.2 target home.
• Starting with Oracle Database 12c release 2 (12.2), you can upgrade the database without disabling Oracle Database Vault. However, if you disabled Oracle Database Vault, then you must enable it manually after an upgrade.
二、預檢查
1、源端基本信息采集
近期性能趨勢圖
是否開啟歸檔、force logging
用戶數個數、對象個數及狀態
CPU、內存物理信息
數據庫組件信息
數據庫參數信息、尤其是隱藏參數
TNS、Crontab信息
存儲配置信息
2、更新前注意事項
1、 實例要啟動
2、 system表空間要足夠
3、 歸檔空間要足夠，若不足夠，先關歸檔
4、 內存要足夠
5、 job_queue_processes改為非0
6、 cluster_database改為true（RAC）
7、 glogin.sql中添加的東西要刪除
8、 OLAP組件要卸載
9、 EM要卸載
10、 無效對象要處理（重新編譯或刪除）
11、 確保datafile online
12、 收集字典信息
13、 清理回收站
更新前收集字典信息
EXEC DBMS_STATS.GATHER_DICTIONARY_STATS;
exec DBMS_STATS.GATHER_FIXED_OBJECTS_STATS;
3、數據靜態檢查
Verifying Materialized View Refreshes are Complete Before Upgrade
Verifying all forgroud session close eg LOCAL=NO、Job、crontab
Verifying there are no transaction need rollback
Resolve Outstanding Distributed Transactions Before Upgrading
三、 升級步驟
1、 安裝12c
1、 解壓linuxx64_12201_database.zip到/oracle/database12c下
2、 設環境變量
export ORACLE_SID=orcl11g
export ORACLE_BASE=/oracle/app12c/oracle
export ORACLE_HOME=/oracle/app12c/oracle/product/12.2.0/db_1
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/oracle/app12c/oracle/product/12.2.0/db_1/lib
export PATH=/bin:/usr/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/X11R6/bin:/root/dba:/oracle/app12c/oracle/product/12.2.0/db_1/bin:/bin:/usr/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/X11R6/bin:/root/dba:/sbin
umask 022
export TNS_ADMIN=/oracle/app12c/oracle/product/12.2.0/db_1/network/admin
alias sql=‘sqlplus / as sysdba’
alias net=‘cd $ORACLE_HOME/network/admin’
3、 設置db.rsp
4、 安裝12c
/oracle/database12c/database/runInstaller -ignorePrereq -silent -force -responseFile /home/oracle/db.rsp
5、設置環境變量
su - oracle
export ORACLE_HOME=/oracle/app12c/oracle/product/12.2.0/db_1
export PATH=ORACLEHOME/bin:ORACLE_HOME/bin:ORACLE
H
OME/bin:PATH
注意將/etc/oratab中11g的配置解除注釋：
[root@rhel75 ~]# cat /etc/oratab
orcl11g:/oracle/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1:N
orcl11g:/oracle/app12c/oracle/product/12.2.0/db_1:N
–執行dbua：
cd /oracle/app12c/oracle/product/12.2.0/db_1/bin
./dbua
依次處理上面告警：
（1） 刪掉OLAP組件、AMD
SQL中執行11g的$ORACLE_HOME/olap/admin/catnoamd.sql
（2） 重新編譯sys/system下無效對象
先查看失效對象：
SQL> set serveroutput on
SQL> set line 500
SQL> execute dbms_preup.invalid_objects;
SYS/SYSTEM INVALID OBJECTS
OWNER |OBJECT_NAME |OBJECT_TYPE
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
NON SYS/SYSTEM INVALID OBJECTS
OWNER |OBJECT_NAME |OBJECT_TYPE
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
U1 INSERT_SJBJ PROCEDURE
U1 INSERT_T1 PROCEDURE
PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.
---重新編譯：
alter procedure u1.INSERT_SJBJ compile;
alter procedure u1.INSERT_T1 compile;
--或無法編譯成功，確認無用后直接刪除：
drop procedure u1.INSERT_SJBJ;
drop procedure u1.INSERT_T1;
（3） 歸檔空間不足，暫無法擴展空間，故先關閉11g的歸檔
（4） password_versons先不處理
SQL> select username,password_versions from dba_users;
USERNAME PASSWORD
------------------------------ --------
U1 10G
U3 10G
U2 10G
T4 10G 11G
ANGEL 10G
SCOTT 10G
SYSTEM 10G 11G
SYS 10G 11G
DBSNMP 10G 11G
SYSMAN 10G 11G
SPATIAL_WFS_ADMIN_USR 10G 11G
USERNAME PASSWORD
------------------------------ --------
SPATIAL_CSW_ADMIN_USR 10G 11G
APEX_PUBLIC_USER 10G 11G
DIP 10G 11G
MDDATA 10G 11G
XS$NULL 11G
ORACLE_OCM 10G 11G
OLAPSYS 10G 11G
SI_INFORMTN_SCHEMA 10G 11G
OWBSYS 10G 11G
ORDPLUGINS 10G 11G
XDB 10G 11G
USERNAME PASSWORD
------------------------------ --------
ANONYMOUS
CTXSYS 10G 11G
ORDDATA 10G 11G
OWBSYS_AUDIT 10G 11G
APEX_030200 10G 11G
APPQOSSYS 10G 11G
WMSYS 10G 11G
EXFSYS 10G 11G
ORDSYS 10G 11G
MDSYS 10G 11G
FLOWS_FILES 10G 11G
USERNAME PASSWORD
------------------------------ --------
OUTLN 10G 11G
34 rows selected.
（5）
alter system set job_queue_processes=5;
PURGE DBA_RECYCLEBIN;
創建一個新的監聽
四、更新后檢查
1、檢查組件和對象有效性
COMP_NAME STATUS VERSION
JServer JAVA Virtual Machine VALID 12.2.0.1.0
OLAP Analytic Workspace VALID 12.2.0.1.0
OLAP Catalog REMOVED 11.2.0.4.0
Oracle Application Express VALID 5.0.4.00.1
Oracle Database Catalog Views VALID 12.2.0.1.0
Oracle Database Java Packages VALID 12.2.0.1.0
Oracle Database Packages and Types VALID 12.2.0.1.0
Oracle Multimedia VALID 12.2.0.1.0
Oracle OLAP API VALID 12.2.0.1.0
Oracle Text VALID 12.2.0.1.0
Oracle Workspace Manager VALID 12.2.0.1.0
Oracle XDK VALID 12.2.0.1.0
Oracle XML Database VALID 12.2.0.1.0
Spatial VALID 12.2.0.1.0
14 rows selected.
SQL> select substr(object_name,1,40) object_name,substr(owner,1,15) owner,object_type from dba_objects where status=‘INVALID’ order by owner,object_type;
no rows selected
SQL> select owner,object_type,count(*) from dba_objects where status=‘INVALID’ group by owner,object_type order by owner,object_type ;
no rows selected
SQL>
下載dbupgdiag.sql腳本檢查
若有無效對象 ，執行sql> @?/rdbms/admin/utlrp.sql
五、客戶端連接
ORA-28040 no matching authentication protocol
參考：
After a Database Upgrade to 12c for E-Business Suite, JDeveloper Connections Fail With Error “ORA-28040 no matching authentication protocol” (Doc ID 2125856.1)
方案：
在12c中，SQLNET.ALLOWED_LOGON_VERSION已過期，被如下兩個參數替換：
SQLNET.ALLOWED_LOGON_VERSION_SERVER
SQLNET.ALLOWED_LOGON_VERSION_CLIENT
Note 1304142.1 - 11g and Older: How To Use the Parameter SQLNET.ALLOWED_LOGON_VERSION Correctly (Doc ID 1304142.1)
解決：
Review the sqlnet_ifile.ora file and confirm the following entries are present:
SQLNET.ALLOWED_LOGON_VERSION_SERVER
SQLNET.ALLOWED_LOGON_VERSION_CLIENT
Update the sqlnet_ifile.ora settings for the above parameters to the lowest version level that is required in your environment. For example:
A. If the initialization parameter SEC_CASE_SENSITIVE_LOGON is set to FALSE:
SQLNET.ALLOWED_LOGON_VERSION_SERVER = 8
B. If SEC_CASE_SENSITIVE_LOGON is set to TRUE
SQLNET.ALLOWED_LOGON_VERSION_SERVER = 10 or 11(depending on the db and client version)