一個網站需求說明書的示例

一個網站需求說明書的示例

1) Project Overview

Describe the business and industry. Outline your main business goals and what services/solutions you want to provide.

2) Technologies used

• Content management system (CMS) – Which CMS do you want to use? Magento is a popular ecommerce platform and CMS. Other examples ofCMS software include WordPress, Drupal, and Joomla.
• Web framework – Which technologies do you want to use? Bootstrap is a well-known front-end framework for building responsive websites.
• Web server – Which web server do you want to use? Nginx is by far the most popular. It’s a web server which can also be used as a reverse proxy, load balancer, mail proxy, and HTTP cache.
• Programming language – Which programming/scripting language will be used? Platforms like Magento 2.3.x support PHP 7.1.3+. Depending on the ecommerce platform, this may vary.
• Communication – How will you communicate with developers and your in-house team? Common choices are email, Skype, and Slack, but this is all up to you.
• Hosting/Scaling – Do you want to set up cloud server hosting or virtual private server hosting? Amazon Web Services (AWS) is one of the leading cloud platforms. AWS makes it easy to set up and manage cloud-hosted databases.
• Web application accelerator – How will you deliver fast, reliable, and secure web-based applications in a cost-effective way? For Magento, Varnish Cache is a good choice. It’s a web accelerator and HTTP caching reverse proxy.
• Data structure store – How do you plan on structuring and storing data? Redis is an open-source (BSD licensed), in-memory data structure store that is used as a database, cache, and message broker.
• Tag Managers – Which tag manager do you want to implement? Google Tag Manager manages JavaScript and HTML tags used for tracking and using analytics on websites. It supports third-party analytics and offers advanced tag management.
• JavaScript frameworks – Which frameworks do you want to use? JavaScript is everywhere and it seems like new frameworks are released on a daily basis. Examples include jQuery, Underscore, and Owl Carousel.
• Mobile frameworks – How will you deliver fast, responsive mobile websites? jQuery Mobile is a touch-optimized web framework used to build websites and apps for smart devices.
• Widgets – Do you want responsive carousels and sliders? There are tons of widgets out there; look for ones that work with your ecommerce platform of choice.
• DNS hosting – What domain are you going to have and where are you going to host it? There are lots of options. Ecommerce experts can recommend which hosts work best for your platform.
• Others – Depending on your project.

3) Business Requirements

• General – Company description with general business goals and guidelines.
• Scope – A breakdown of the project, from development to release, to support. Specify how many hours per role you plan to have.
• Team – Roles and responsibilities for each member of the project.
• Tasks & Release management
  • Task workflow – Who creates tasks? Where do they create them? Who decides if a task is completed?
  • Deploy workflow – How many deploy environments are you going to have? Who has access to them? Who decides when and where to deploy?

4) Functional Requirements

• UX requirements – What should users be able to do? How can they interact with your website? Examples: buy products, add products to cart, go through secure checkout process, pay online, etc.
• Management requirements – What should staff and management be able to do? Examples: access admin panel, check order history, create invoices, etc.
• Marketing requirements – What type of marketing activities should your website support? Examples: launch email marketing campaigns, create discounts and promo codes/gift cards, change cart price rules, etc.
• Sales requirements – What should your sales/management team be able to do? Examples: add payment and shipping methods, change prices, manage categories, etc.

5) Features

This section includes all the features (native and third-party) that you want to add. Regardless of the ecommerce platform you choose, you will likely want to add:

• A customizable menu
• Carousels
• A product wishlist
• A product inventory management system
• CRM integration
• A blog module
• Multicurrency/multilanguage
• Enhanced search (Algolia, Elasticsearch)
• One-step checkout
• The ability to log in with social media/email accounts
• Integrations with review sites
• Integrations with payment processors/gateways

6) Project Roles

Basic Permission Scheme – This is where you specify which permissions and restrictions are in place for specific roles and responsibilities. Usually, there are four basic options available for every feature: Create, Read, Update, and Delete. For an ecommerce site, there are three main roles: admin, customer, and customer support. Outline these roles accordingas an to their abilities (permissions/actions) within the system. Group actions according to something general, then break it down into smaller, more specific components, when applicable.

Here are some examples:

• Admin
  • (General) As an admin, I want to manage all products
    • (Specific) As an admin, I want to create products
      • (More specific) As an admin, I want to add a valid product name
• Customer
  • (General) As a customer, I want to buy a selected product
    • (Specific) As a customer, I want to create an account to proceed with the order from the shopping cart
• Customer support
  • (General) As customer support, I want to send order confirmation emails

7) Appendices

This is where you list all the third-party extensions you need to buy/subscribe/integrate to complete the project.

If you set up SEO objectives, you can write them in a separate appendix. Examples of objectives include: page speed, link building, branding, lead generation.

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作者：Petter Liu
出處：http://www.cnblogs.com/wintersun/
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