第一章:邏輯結構
Mongodb 邏輯結構 MySQL邏輯結構
庫database 庫
集合(collection) 表
文檔(document) 數據行
第二章:安裝部署
1、系統准備
(1)redhat或centos6.2以上系統 (2)系統開發包完整 (3)ip地址和hosts文件解析正常 (4)iptables防火牆&SElinux關閉 (5)關閉大頁內存機制 ######################################################################## root用戶下 在vi /etc/rc.local最后添加如下代碼 if test -f /sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/enabled; then echo never > /sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/enabled fi if test -f /sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/defrag; then echo never > /sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/defrag fi cat /sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/enabled cat /sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/defrag 其他系統關閉參照官方文檔: https://docs.mongodb.com/manual/tutorial/transparent-huge-pages/ --------------- 為什么要關閉? Transparent Huge Pages (THP) is a Linux memory management system that reduces the overhead of Translation Lookaside Buffer (TLB) lookups on machines with large amounts of memory by using larger memory pages. However, database workloads often perform poorly with THP, because they tend to have sparse rather than contiguous memory access patterns. You should disable THP on Linux machines to ensure best performance with MongoDB. ############################################################################
2、創建所需用戶, 組及所需目錄結構
useradd mongod passwd mongod mkdir -p /mongodb/conf mkdir -p /mongodb/log mkdir -p /mongodb/data
chown -R mongod:mongod /mongodb
上傳並解壓軟件到指定位置
[root@db01 data]# cd /data [root@db01 data]# tar xf mongodb-linux-x86_64-rhel70-3.6.12.tgz [root@db01 data]# cp -r /data/mongodb-linux-x86_64-rhel70-3.6.12/bin/ /mongodb
設置用戶環境變量
su - mongod vi .bash_profile export PATH=/mongodb/bin:$PATH source .bash_profile
啟動mongodb
mongod --dbpath=/mongodb/data --logpath=/mongodb/log/mongodb.log --port=27017 --logappend --fork
[mongod@server2 ~]$ mongo # 連接mongodb
配置參數介紹(配置文件位置及命名無要求, 參考代碼最后幾行)
YAML模式 NOTE: YAML does not support tab characters for indentation: use spaces instead. --系統日志有關 systemLog: destination: file path: "/mongodb/log/mongodb.log" --日志位置 logAppend: true --日志以追加模式記錄 --數據存儲有關 storage: journal: enabled: true dbPath: "/mongodb/data" --數據路徑的位置 -- 進程控制 processManagement: fork: true --后台守護進程 pidFilePath: <string> --pid文件的位置,一般不用配置,可以去掉這行,自動生成到data中 --網絡配置有關 net: bindIp: <ip> -- 監聽地址 port: <port> -- 端口號,默認不配置端口號,是27017 -- 安全驗證有關配置 security: authorization: enabled --是否打開用戶名密碼驗證 ------------------以下是復制集與分片集群有關---------------------- replication: oplogSizeMB: <NUM> replSetName: "<REPSETNAME>" secondaryIndexPrefetch: "all" sharding: clusterRole: <string> archiveMovedChunks: <boolean> ---for mongos only replication: localPingThresholdMs: <int> sharding: configDB: <string> --- ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ YAML例子 cat > /mongodb/conf/mongo.conf <<EOF systemLog: destination: file path: "/mongodb/log/mongodb.log" logAppend: true storage: journal: enabled: true dbPath: "/mongodb/data/" processManagement: fork: true net: port: 27017 bindIp: 10.0.0.51,127.0.0.1 EOF mongod -f /mongodb/conf/mongo.conf --shutdown # 關閉mongodb mongod -f /mongodb/conf/mongo.conf # 啟動mongodb
mongodb的關閉方式
mongod -f /mongodb/conf/mongo.conf --shutdown
mongodb 使用systemd管理
[root@db01 ~]# cat > /etc/systemd/system/mongod.service <<EOF [Unit] Description=mongodb After=network.target remote-fs.target nss-lookup.target [Service] User=mongod Type=forking ExecStart=/mongodb/bin/mongod --config /mongodb/conf/mongo.conf ExecReload=/bin/kill -s HUP $MAINPID ExecStop=/mongodb/bin/mongod --config /mongodb/conf/mongo.conf --shutdown PrivateTmp=true [Install] WantedBy=multi-user.target EOF [root@db01 ~]# systemctl restart mongod [root@db01 ~]# systemctl stop mongod [root@db01 ~]# systemctl start mongod
66
