-- 檢查是否又數據庫在運行的命令
ps -ef|grep smon
2020-07-02
1. 操作系統： Oracle Linux 7.6 x86_64
2. 數據庫： 12c
3.數據庫實例名稱：
4.字符集：ZHS16GBK
5.數據塊大小：8k
6.IP地址：自少會有7個
7.每台機器要2塊網卡
先把linux環境安裝好
做三個系統，目錄下需要掛載好磁盤空間
1. 文件分區做好， 先每個月預留20個G
文件做好
2. 配置IP ，計算機名稱，域控等， 保證內網可以訪問， 並關閉防火牆設定
保證xshell可以訪問
TYPE=Ethernet
PROXY_METHOD=none
BROWSER_ONLY=no
BOOTPROTO=static
DEFROUTE=yes
IPV4_FAILURE_FATAL=no
IPV6INIT=yes
IPV6_AUTOCONF=yes
IPV6_DEFROUTE=yes
IPV6_FAILURE_FATAL=no
IPV6_ADDR_GEN_MODE=stable-privacy
NAME=ens33
UUID=ac52ae68-be92-4586-8479-b92425db4107
DEVICE=ens33
IPADDR=192.168.32.131
NETMASK=255.255.255.0
GATEWAY=192.168.32.2
ONBOOT=yes
NM_CONTROLLED=no
IPV6_PRIVACY=no
3. 關閉防火牆
systemctl stop firewalld.service
systemctl disable firewalld.service
查看防火牆狀態
systemctl status firewalld
NAT 網絡模式，對應網卡是ens33
需要修改
vi /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-ens33
重啟網絡服務
systemctl restart network
3.系統名稱
vi /etc/hosts
192.168.32.131 ocp2
vi /etc/resolv.conf
nameserver 8.8.8.8
-- 最后安裝會報錯，現在修改為
namerserver 192.168.32.140
namerserver 192.168.32.141
結論是這部分， 在最后都不需要
------------------------------------------------------------
4. 安裝Oracle
配置 hosts
相互直接用IP跟名稱可以訪問 ，A,B 同時配置
vi /etc/hosts
192.168.32.140 CQRAC01-EN
192.168.32.141 CQRAC02-EN
192.168.30.144 CQRAC01prv -- 不要跟對外一個網段
192.168.30.145 CQRAC02prv
192.168.32.146 CQRAC01vip
192.168.32.147 CQRAC02vip
192.168.32.100 CQRACscan
5.關閉SELINIX，防火牆
echo "SELINUX=disabled" > /etc/selinux/config
echo "#SELINUXTYPE=targeted" >> /etc/selinux/config
setenforce 1
systemctl stop firewalld.service
systemctl disable firewalld.service
6. 禁止NTP 時間同步服務
systemctl stop ntpd
systemctl disabled ntpd
systemctl stop chronyd.service
systemctl disable chronyd.service
rm -f /etc/chrony.conf
7.配置 yum 源配置
mkdir /mnt/linux
mount /dev/cdrom /mnt/linux
cd /etc/yum.repos.d
mkdir bk
mv *.repo bk/
echo "[EL]" >> /etc/yum.repos.d/itpux.repo
echo "name=Linux 7.x DVD" >> /etc/yum.repos.d/itpux.repo
echo "baseurl=file:///mnt/linux" >> /etc/yum.repos.d/itpux.repo
echo "gpgcheck=0" >> /etc/yum.repos.d/itpux.repo
echo "enabled=1" >> /etc/yum.repos.d/itpux.repo
cat /etc/yum.repos.d/itpux.repo
8.oracle預備安裝前的包
cd /mnt/hgfs/soft/
rpm -ivh
9.權限分配
S
/usr/sbin/groupadd -g 60001 oinstall
/usr/sbin/groupadd -g 60002 dba
/usr/sbin/groupadd -g 60003 oper
/usr/sbin/groupadd -g 60004 backupdba
/usr/sbin/groupadd -g 60005 dgdba
/usr/sbin/groupadd -g 60006 kmdba
/usr/sbin/groupadd -g 60007 asmdba
/usr/sbin/groupadd -g 60008 asmoper
/usr/sbin/groupadd -g 60009 asmadmin
/usr/sbin/useradd -u 61001 -g oinstall -G asmadmin,asmdba,dba,asmoper grid
/usr/sbin/useradd -u 61002 -g oinstall -G dba,backupdba,dgdba,kmdba,asmadmin oracle
passwd grid
passwd oracle
--------------
10. 處理文件夾
mkdir -p /u01/app/grid
mkdir -p /u01/app/12c/grid
chown -R grid:oinstall /u01
mkdir -p /u01/app/oraInventory
chown -R grid:oinstall /u01/app/oraInventory
mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/product/12c/dbhome_1
chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01/app/oracle
chmod -R 775 /u01
11.-----------
-- 修改配置文件
vi /etc/sysctl.conf
fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576
fs.file-max = 6815744
kernel.shmmax = 68719476736
kernel.shmall = 4294967296
kernel.shmmni = 4096
kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500
net.core.rmem_default = 262144
net.core.rmem_max = 4194304
net.core.wmem_default = 262144
net.core.wmem_max = 1048586
# 配置生效
sysctl -p
------------
12. 環境變量的配置
su - grid
vi ~/.bash_profile
umask 022
export ORACLE_SID=+ASM1
export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/grid
export ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/12c/grid
export PATH=.:$PATH:$HOME/bin:$ORACLE_HOME/bin
source ~/.bash_profile
env |grep ORACLE
--------------------------------------------------------------------
su - grid
vi ~/.bash_profile
umask 022
export ORACLE_SID=+ASM2
export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/grid
export ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/12c/grid
export PATH=.:$PATH:$HOME/bin:$ORACLE_HOME/bin
source ~/.bash_profile
env |grep ORACLE
------------------------------------------------------------------
su - oracle
vi ~/.bash_profile
umask 022
export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle
export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/12c/dbhome_1
export ORACLE_UNQNAME=lfscq
export ORACLE _SID=ifscq1
export NLS_LANG=AMERICAN_AMERICA.ZHS16GBK
export PATH=.:$PATH:$HOME/bin:$ORACLE_HOME/bin
source ~/.bash_profile
env |grep ORACLE
---------------------------------------------------------------------
su - oracle
vi ~/.bash_profile
umask 022
export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle
export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/12c/dbhome_1
export ORACLE_UNQNAME=lfscq
export ORACLE _SID=ifscq2
export NLS_LANG=AMERICAN_AMERICA.ZHS16GBK
export PATH=.:$PATH:$HOME/bin:$ORACLE_HOME/bin
source ~/.bash_profile
env |grep ORACLE
13. 配置共享存儲
rm -rf asm
-- 這是刪除目錄的命令，不要經常用，避免刪除不應該刪除的東西
IP: 192.168.32.142
配置ASM目錄
vi /etc/exports
/data *(rw,sync,no_wdelay,insecure,no_root_squash)
systemctl restart nfs-server.service
showmount -t
exportfs -v
14. 關閉共享存儲配置的
echo "SELINUX=disabled" > /etc/selinux/config
echo "#SELINUXTYPE=targeted" >> /etc/selinux/config
cat /etc/selinux/config
systemctl stop firewalld.service
systemctl disable firewalld.service
15. RAC主機配置
mkdir /asm
vi /etc/fstab
192.168.32.142:/data /asm nfs rw,bg,hard,nointr,tcp,vers=3,timeo=600,rsize=32768,wsize=32768,actimeo=0 0 0
mount -a
chown -R grid:asmadmin /asm
15. ASM共享磁盤創建
mkdir -p /data/oracleasm/disks
dd if=/dev/zero of=/data/oracleasm/disks/asm1 bs=8192k count=1280
dd if=/dev/zero of=/data/oracleasm/disks/asm2 bs=8192k count=1280
dd if=/dev/zero of=/data/oracleasm/disks/asm3 bs=8192k count=1280
dd if=/dev/zero of=/data/oracleasm/disks/asm4 bs=8192k count=1280
dd if=/dev/zero of=/data/oracleasm/disks/asm5 bs=8192k count=1280
dd if=/dev/zero of=/data/oracleasm/disks/asm6 bs=8192k count=1280
dd if=/dev/zero of=/data/oracleasm/disks/asm7 bs=8192k count=1280
dd if=/dev/zero of=/data/oracleasm/disks/asm8 bs=8192k count=1280
chown grid:asmadmin /data/oracleasm/disks/asm1
chown grid:asmadmin /data/oracleasm/disks/asm2
chown grid:asmadmin /data/oracleasm/disks/asm3
chown grid:asmadmin /data/oracleasm/disks/asm4
chown grid:asmadmin /data/oracleasm/disks/asm5
chown grid:asmadmin /data/oracleasm/disks/asm6
chown grid:asmadmin /data/oracleasm/disks/asm7
chown grid:asmadmin /data/oracleasm/disks/asm8
-- 這個授權有個問題， 就是， 是否是， RAC主機授權這個路徑，還是，在共享磁盤組里面，創建grid賬號組，再授權。。。
chown grid:asmadmin /asm/oracleasm/disks/asm1
chown grid:asmadmin /asm/oracleasm/disks/asm2
chown grid:asmadmin /asm/oracleasm/disks/asm3
chown grid:asmadmin /asm/oracleasm/disks/asm4
chown grid:asmadmin /asm/oracleasm/disks/asm5
chown grid:asmadmin /asm/oracleasm/disks/asm6
chown grid:asmadmin /asm/oracleasm/disks/asm7
chown grid:asmadmin /asm/oracleasm/disks/asm8
16. 安裝grid ， 先把軟件壓縮包拷貝到/mnt中
用grid 用戶解壓文件到
su - grid
cd $ORACLE_HOME
unzip linuxx64_12201_grid_home.zip
su - root
rpm -Uvh /u01/app/12c/grid/cv/rpm/cvuqdisk*
17. 執行grid 安裝
grid賬戶登錄虛擬機
cd $ORACLE_HOME
./gridSetup.sh
18. 需要兩塊網卡
cp ifcfg-ens33 ifcfg-ens37
為網卡生成新的編碼
命令： uuidgen ens37
UUID
5958e51e-233c-47f7-a864-df41a9cb160e
df38ce14-8968-47d1-99b6-defaa0018849
vi /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-ens37
systemctl restart network
19. 安裝grid
注意事項： 如果服務器重啟，那么記得需要先把共享存儲掛起來。
oracle
安裝失敗后，最好把路徑的軟件都刪除，重新做
rm -rf 路徑/*
一定要保證grid安裝完成后，才能去安裝Oracle ，否則， 更麻煩
cat /etc/resolv.conf
CQRAC01-EN 192.168.32.140
CQRAN02-EN 192.168.32.141
CQRAC01prv 192.168.30.144
CQRAC02prv 192.168.30.145
CQRAC01vip 192.168.32.146
CQRAC02vip 192.168.32.147
CQRACscan 192.168.32.100
CQRACcluster
CQRACscan
CQRAC01-EN
CQRAC01vip
CQRAC02-EN
CQRAC02vip
mv /etc/resolv.conf /etc/resolv.conf.20180620.bak
這個文件中不能配置， 否則會報錯
20，虛擬機內存要大於最小限制的8個G
temp 空間不足
mkdir /u01/tmp
chown root:root /u01/tmp
chmod 1777 /u01/tmp
vi ~/.bash_profile
export TEMP=/u01/tmp
export TMPDIR=/u01/tmp
source ~/.bash_profile
env |grep TMP
21. 不光盤掛載一下，看看需要的包
su - root
mount /dev/sr0 /mnt
cd /mnt
cd Packages/
ls compat*
rpm -ivh compat-libcap1-1.10-7.el7.x86_64.rpm
rpm -ivh libstdc++-devel-4.8.5-16.el7.x86_64.rpm
rpm -ivh ksh-20120801-34.el7.x86_64.rpm
rpm -ivh glibc-devel-2.17-196.el7.x86_64.rpm
rpm -ivh libaio-devel-0.3.109-13.el7.x86_64.rpm
rpm -ivh glibc-headers-2.17-196.el7.x86_64.rpm
rpm -ivh kernel-headers-2.6.18-274.el5.x86_64.rpm
如果發現有些包安裝不上， 那是因為有依賴包要先安裝， 如果光盤里面沒有，那么請到網上下載，並上傳到服務器，安裝后，再做
22，檢查grid集群運行狀態
出現的錯誤：
--- 11
Check Failed on Nodes: [cqrac01-en, cqrac02-en]
Verification result of failed node: cqrac01-en
Expected Value
: 8GB (8388608.0KB)
Actual Value
: 7.5445GB (7910952.0KB)
Details:
-
PRVF-7530 : Sufficient physical memory is not available on node "cqrac01-en" [Required physical memory = 8GB (8388608.0KB)] - Cause: Amount of physical memory (RAM) found does not meet minimum memory requirements. - Action: Add physical memory (RAM) to the node specified.
-- 22
Swap Size - This is a prerequisite condition to test whether sufficient total swap space is available on the system.
Check Failed on Nodes: [cqrac01-en, cqrac02-en]
Verification result of failed node: cqrac01-en
Expected Value
: 7.5445GB (7910952.0KB)
Actual Value
: 3.875GB (4063228.0KB)
Details:
-
PRVF-7573 : Sufficient swap size is not available on node "cqrac01-en" [Required = 7.5445GB (7910952.0KB) ; Found = 3.875GB (4063228.0KB)] - Cause: The swap size found does not meet the minimum requirement. - Action: Increase swap size to at least meet the minimum swap space requirement.
--33
Free Space: cqrac01-en:/usr,cqrac01-en:/var,cqrac01-en:/etc,cqrac01-en:/sbin,cqrac01-en:/tmp - This is a prerequisite condition to test whether sufficient free space is available in the file system. Error:
-
PRVF-7501 : Sufficient space is not available at location "/tmp" on node "cqrac01-en" [Required space = 1GB ; available space = 596MB ] - Cause: There was not enough free space at location specified. - Action: Free up additional space or select another location.
-
PRVF-7501 : Sufficient space is not available at location "/" on node "cqrac01-en" [Required space = [25MB (/usr) + 5MB (/var) + 25MB (/etc) + 10MB (/sbin) + 1GB (/tmp) = 1.0635GB ]; available space = 596MB ] - Cause: There was not enough free space at location specified. - Action: Free up additional space or select another location.
--44
