轉自 https://www.modb.pro/db/23180
GaussDB 100單機安裝 For 手工建庫
一、安裝環境准備
1、部署架構規划
GaussDB 100單機部署的總體架構如上圖，DM、CM、ETCD在單機部署中是非必要組件，因此本次不部署，DN節點規划如下：
注：數據目錄需要>=20GB,如果要減小，需要修改install.py和create_database.sample.sql。
2、操作系統配置
root遠程登錄權限修改
sed -i ‘s/#PermitRootLogin yes/PermitRootLogin yes/g’ /etc/ssh/sshd_config
sed -i ‘s/#PasswordAuthentication yes/ PasswordAuthentication yes/g’ /etc/ssh/sshd_config
–修改完重慶sshd服務
/bin/systemctl restart sshd.service
關閉防火牆和SELinux（官方建議是添加信任，此處直接關閉避免后續連接有問題）
systemctl stop firewalld.service
systemctl disable firewalld.service
sed -i ‘s/SELINUX=enforcing/SELINUX=disabled/g’ /etc/selinux/config
配置corefile
echo ‘ulimit -c unlimited’>>/etc/profile
echo ‘kernel.core_pattern =/opt/gdb/corefile/core-%e-%p-%t’>>/etc/sysctl.conf
–使配置生效
source /etc/profile
ulimit -c
sysctl -p
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檢查ntp和lsof（此單機環境不需要ntp，可略過）
rpm -qa|grep ntp --NTP 4.2.6或以上版本
若沒有，使用yum安裝ntp
yum install ntp
which lsof
–若沒有，使用yum安裝lsof
yum install lsof
創建數據庫安裝用戶組和用戶
groupadd dbgrp
useradd -g dbgrp -d /home/omm -m -s /bin/bash omm
-g <所屬組
-d <登入目錄
-m <自動建立用戶的登入目錄
-s <指定用戶登入后所使用的shell
–設置密碼
passwd omm
配置數據目錄
–查看可用磁盤
[root@gaussdb ~]# lsblk
NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
sda 8:0 0 8G 0 disk
├─sda1 8:1 0 200M 0 part /boot
└─sda2 8:2 0 7.8G 0 part
├─rhel-root 253:0 0 6.8G 0 lvm /
└─rhel-swap 253:1 0 1G 0 lvm [SWAP]
sdb 8:16 0 20G 0 disk
sdc 8:32 0 1G 0 disk
sr0 11:0 1 1024M 0 rom
–創建PV
[root@gaussdb ~]# pvcreate /dev/sdb
Physical volume “/dev/sdb” successfully created.
–創建GV
[root@gaussdb ~]# vgcreate datavg /dev/sdb
Volume group “datavg” successfully created
–創建LV
[root@gaussdb ~]# lvcreate -L 20G -n datalv datavg
Logical volume “datalv” created.
-L <size 邏輯卷大小
-n <name 邏輯卷的名字
–格式化LV
[root@gaussdb ~]# mkfs.ext4 /dev/datavg/datalv
–創建掛載點目錄
[root@gaussdb ~]# mkdir /gsdata
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–掛載LV
[root@gaussdb ~]# mount /dev/datavg/datalv /gsdata
–刪除目錄中的lost+found文件，防止安裝軟件時報錯
[root@gaussdb ~]# find /gdb -name lost+found | xargs rm -rf
注：lost+found 是一個特殊目錄，用途是用來存放文件系統錯誤導致文件丟失后找回數據的。
–將文件掛載信息寫入fstab文件
cat /etc/fstab
#
# Accessible filesystems, by reference, are maintained under '/dev/disk'
# See man pages fstab(5), findfs(8), mount(8) and/or blkid(8) for more info
#
/dev/mapper/rhel-root / ext4 defaults 1 1
UUID=a3e33662-9f1b-4a0a-a8c2-7f7681c5d6c9 /boot xfs defaults 0 0
/dev/mapper/rhel-swap swap swap defaults 0 0
/dev/datavg/datalv /gsdata ext4 defaults,noatime,nobarrier 0 0
--注意添加noatime,nobarrier選項，提升性能
noatime,nobarrier <禁止記錄最近一次訪問時間戳
--重新掛載文件系統
[root@gaussdb ~]# mount -o remount /gsdata
-o <options 指定加載文件系統時選項
---以防萬一重啟os
shutdown -r now
二、安裝數據庫軟件
解壓安裝包（本次使用的是一個大包，包含多個安裝包，因此解壓了多次）
chown omm:dbgrp GaussDB_100_1.0.1-REDHAT7.5-X86.tar.gz
su - omm
cd /opt/software/gaussdb/
tar -zxvf GaussDB_100_1.0.1-REDHAT7.5-X86.tar.gz
tar -zxvf GaussDB_100_1.0.1-CLUSTER-REDHAT7.5-64bit.tar.gz
tar -zxvf GaussDB_100_1.0.1-DATABASE-REDHAT-64bit.tar.gz
cd GaussDB_100_1.0.1-DATABASE-REDHAT-64bit
使用root用戶安裝（添加-O參數不建庫，手工建庫方便定制化）
python install.py -U omm:dbgrp -R /gdb/gaussdb/app -D /gsdata -O
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三、手工建庫
## 1、 配置參數文件 雖然安裝軟件是沒有建庫，但是相關的目錄已經創建好，不需要手工創建
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--到 /gsdata/data/cfg目錄修改zengine.ini
TEMP_BUFFER_SIZE = 1G
DATA_BUFFER_SIZE = 2G
SHARED_POOL_SIZE = 1G
LOG_BUFFER_SIZE = 64M
DBWR_PROCESSES = 8
LOG_BUFFER_COUNT = 8
SESSIONS = 800 --跟進需要設置，最大值為8000
INSTANCE_NAME = gyl --修改實例名
LSNR_ADDR = 127.0.0.1,192.168.80.128 --添加本機地址到監聽端口
LSNR_PORT = 1888 --監聽端口
ENABLE_SYSDBA_LOGIN = TRUE
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2、啟動數據庫到nomount階段
source .bashrc
[omm@gaussdb cfg]$ cd $GSDB_HOME/bin
[omm@gaussdb bin]$ python zctl.py -t start -m nomount -D /gdb/gaussdb/data
Successfully started instance.
.
3、創建數據庫
[omm@gaussdb bin]$ zsql / as sysdba
Warning: SSL connection to server without CA certificate is insecure. Continue anyway? (y/n):y
connected.
SQL> @/home/omm/create_db.sql
SQL> 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18
Succeed.
SQL>
SQL> select instance_name,status from dv_instance;
INSTANCE_NAME STATUS
-------------------- --------------------
gyl OPEN
1 rows fetched.
.
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SQL> select name,status from dv_database;
NAME STATUS
-------------------------------- --------------------
GYL OPEN
1 rows fetched.
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create_db.sql內容如下
create database gyl character set utf8
CONTROLFILE('/gdb/gaussdb/data/cntl1', '/gdb/gaussdb/data/cntl2', '/gdb/gaussdb/data/cntl3')
LOGFILE('/gdb/gaussdb/data/log1' size 128M, --這里將日志組數和大小進行了修改
'/gdb/gaussdb/data/log2' size 128M,
'/gdb/gaussdb/data/log3' size 128M)
system tablespace DATAFILE '/gdb/gaussdb/data/system' size 1G
undo tablespace DATAFILE '/gdb/gaussdb/data/undo' size 1G
default tablespace DATAFILE '/gdb/gaussdb/data/user1' size 1G autoextend on next 32M,
'/gdb/gaussdb/data/user2' size 1G autoextend on next 32M,
'/gdb/gaussdb/data/user3' size 1G autoextend on next 32M,
'/gdb/gaussdb/data/user4' size 1G autoextend on next 32M,
'/gdb/gaussdb/data/user5' size 1G autoextend on next 32M
temporary tablespace TEMPFILE '/gdb/gaussdb/data/temp1_01' size 160M autoextend on next 32M,
'/gdb/gaussdb/data/temp1_02' size 160M autoextend on next 32M nologging
tablespace TEMPFILE '/gdb/gaussdb/data/temp2_01' size 160M autoextend on next 32M,
'/gdb/gaussdb/data/temp2_02' size 160M autoextend on next 32M
nologging undo tablespace TEMPFILE '/gdb/gaussdb/data/temp2_undo' size 1G
++ sysaux tablespace DATAFILE '/gdb/gaussdb/data/sysaux' size 160M autoextend on next 32M ARCHIVELOG; ----sysaux 默認是沒有的。不需要建立。++
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至此，安裝結束！
**4、附錄**
## 1、測試監聽連接
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[omm@gaussdb bin]$ zsql sys/Changeme_123@127.0.0.1:1888
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Warning: SSL connection to server without CA certificate is insecure. Continue anyway? (y/n):y
.
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connected.
.
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SQL> select instance_name,status from dv_instance;
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INSTANCE_NAME STATUS
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-------------------- --------------------
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gyl OPEN
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1 rows fetched.
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2、主進程狀態問題修正
--此時主進程顯示的狀態還是nomount
[omm@gaussdb ~]$ ps -ef | grep zen
omm 2452 1 5 13:21 pts/0 00:00:21 /gdb/gaussdb/app/bin/zengine nomount -D /gdb/gaussdb/data
.
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--下面做一次啟停修復狀態
[omm@gaussdb bin]$ python zctl.py -t stop -m immediate
Successfully stopped instance.
[omm@gaussdb bin]$ python zctl.py -t start
Successfully started instance.
[omm@gaussdb bin]$
.
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[omm@gaussdb bin]$ ps -ef | grep zen
omm 2612 1 2 13:34 pts/0 00:00:00 /gdb/gaussdb/app/bin/zengine open -D /gdb/gaussdb/data
omm 2646 2221 0 13:34 pts/0 00:00:00 grep --color=auto zen
[omm@gaussdb bin]$
.
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[omm@gaussdb bin]$ zsql sys/Changeme_123@127.0.0.1:1888
Warning: SSL connection to server without CA certificate is insecure. Continue anyway? (y/n):y
connected.
SQL> select instance_name,status from dv_instance;
INSTANCE_NAME STATUS
-------------------- --------------------
gyl OPEN
1 rows fetched.
.
Gaussdb single卸載
[root@gaudb bin]# python uninstall.py -U user -F
Checking uninstall parameters...
Can not get user home, command: su - user -c "echo ~"
[root@gaudb bin]#
[root@gaudb bin]# python uninstall.py -U omm -F
Checking uninstall parameters...
Checking username in parameters...
Getting install path...
Checking uninstall.py position...
Getting user environment variables file path...
Checking whether install path in the user environment variables...
Getting data directory...
Begin check data dir...
Stopping zenith instance...
Successfully stopped zenith instance.
Cleaning data path...
Cleaning user environment variables...
Cleaning install path...
Zengine was successfully removed from your computer, for more message please see /home/omm/z engineuninstall.log.
Common options:
-F clean the database storage area
-D location of the database cluster storage area,it will be available after -F
-g run uninstall script without root privilege, but you must have permission of uninstallation folder
-P if sysdba login is disabled by configuration, specify this option the end
--help show this help, then exit
-F:清理數據存儲目錄
-D 軟件安裝目錄
-g 非root用戶卸載
-p 在sysdba會話登陸的情況下使用