轉載請注明來源:https://www.cnblogs.com/hookjc/
1. sed
- grep -rl matchstring somedir/ | xargs sed -i 's/string1/string2/g'
例如:
對象:文件夾
- grep -rl 'windows' ./path | xargs sed -i 's/windows/linux/g'
2. find
對象:文件
- find -name 'test' | xargs perl -pi -e 's|windows|linux|g'
3. awk
- grep -i "windows" -r ./path | awk -F : '{print $1}' | sort | uniq | xargs sed -i 's/windows/linux/g'
sed replace word / string syntax
The syntax is as follows:
- sed -i 's/old-word/new-word/g' *.txt
GNU sed command can edit files in place (makes backup if extension supplied) using the -i option. If you are using an old UNIX sed command version try the following syntax:
- sed 's/old/new/g' input.txt > output.txt
You can use old sed syntax along with bash for loop:
- #!/bin/bash
- OLD="xyz"
- NEW="abc"
- DPATH="/home/you/foo/*.txt"
- BPATH="/home/you/bakup/foo"
- TFILE="/tmp/out.tmp.$$"
- [ ! -d $BPATH ] && mkdir -p $BPATH || :
- for f in $DPATH
- do
- if [ -f $f -a -r $f ]; then
- /bin/cp -f $f $BPATH
- sed "s/$OLD/$NEW/g" "$f" > $TFILE && mv $TFILE "$f"
- else
- echo "Error: Cannot read $f"
- fi
- done
- /bin/rm $TFILE
A Note About Bash Escape Character
A non-quoted backslash \ is the Bash escape character. It preserves the literal value of the next character that follows, with the exception of newline. If a \newline pair appears, and the backslash itself is not quoted, the \newline is treated as a line continuation (that is, it is removed from the input stream and effectively ignored). This is useful when you would like to deal with UNIX paths. In this example, the sed command is used to replace UNIX path "/nfs/apache/logs/rawlogs/access.log" with "__DOMAIN_LOG_FILE__":
- #!/bin/bash
- ## Our path
- _r1="/nfs/apache/logs/rawlogs/access.log"
- ## Escape path for sed using bash find and replace
- _r1="${_r1//\//\\/}"
- # replace __DOMAIN_LOG_FILE__ in our sample.awstats.conf
- sed -e "s/__DOMAIN_LOG_FILE__/${_r1}/" /nfs/conf/awstats/sample.awstats.conf > /nfs/apache/logs/awstats/awstats.conf
- # call awstats
- /usr/bin/awstats -c /nfs/apache/logs/awstats/awstats.conf
The $_r1 is escaped using bash find and replace parameter substitution syntax to replace each occurrence of/ with \/.
perl -pie Syntax For Find and Replace
The syntax is as follows:
- perl -pie 's/old-word/new-word/g' input.file > new.output.file
來源:http://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/unix-linux-replace-string-words-in-many-files/
linux下查找某目錄下所有文件包含某字符串的命令
- #從文件內容查找匹配指定字符串的行:
- $ grep "被查找的字符串" 文件名
- #從文件內容查找與正則表達式匹配的行:
- $ grep –e “正則表達式” 文件名
- #查找時不區分大小寫:
- $ grep –i "被查找的字符串" 文件名
- #查找匹配的行數:
- $ grep -c "被查找的字符串" 文件名
- #從文件內容查找不匹配指定字符串的行:
- $ grep –v "被查找的字符串" 文件名
- #從根目錄開始查找所有擴展名為.txt的文本文件,並找出包含"linux"的行
- find . -type f -name "*.txt" | xargs grep "linux"