django.core.exceptions.ImproperlyConfigured: AUTH_USER_MODEL refers to model 'sso.User' that has not been installed

我出現的問題是在一個main.py 互相引用了user

look my demo:

from django.db import models
#導入時間域
from django.utils import timezone
# 懶加載可翻譯
from django.utils.translation import gettext_lazy as _
# 引入 AbstractUser表,高級的功能/密碼自動加密/檢查密碼
from django.contrib.auth.models import AbstractUser
# 導入自定義重寫注冊用戶的管理類
from sso.main import CustomUserManager


#基類
class BaseModel(models.Model):

    #創建時間
    create_time = models.DateTimeField(default=timezone.now, null=True)

    class Meta:
        abstract = True


# 重寫了原來User模型的表結構，所以必須第一次migrate前就先定義好
class User(AbstractUser):
    uid = models.BigIntegerField(primary_key=True, auto_created=True, unique=True, verbose_name=_('id全局標識'))
    email = models.CharField(unique=True, max_length=100, error_messages={'unique': _('此郵箱已被注冊')})
    # 額外的
    mobile = models.CharField(unique=True, max_length=20, verbose_name=_('手機號'))
    avatar = models.ImageField(
        upload_to='avatar',  #保存上傳文件的目錄
        verbose_name='頭像',  #admin顯示文字
        null=True,
        blank=True,
    )
    # 頭像本地化處理
    avatar_url = models.URLField(
        null=True,
        blank=True,
        verbose_name='頭像地址',
    )
    last_login_ip = models.CharField(max_length=40, blank=True, null=True)
    last_changepwd_time = models.DateTimeField(default=timezone.now, blank=True, null=True)
    original_pwd_change = models.PositiveIntegerField(default=0)

    USERNAME_FIELD = 'email'  # 身份驗證字段指向email,而不是原來的username
    REQUIRED_FIELDS = ['username']  # 注冊admin用戶提示選項

    # 重新定義Manager對象，在創建user的時候使用
    # email 和 password，而不是使用username和password
    objects = CustomUserManager()

    class Meta:
        managed = False
        db_table = 'authuser'
        verbose_name = '用戶'
        verbose_name_plural = verbose_name

    def __str__(self):
        return self.email


# 基於角色的權限管理，使用django-admin自帶表，把group當作角色

接着問題來了，attention:

objects = CustomUserManager()

Yes,你必須在單獨的.py中構造它，切記不能再里面引用User模型！！！

Like This Demo:

# Create your views here.
# 引用用戶注冊管理類
from django.contrib.auth.models import UserManager
# 雪花發號器
from sso.db.snowflake_tool import snowflakeid

__all__ = ('CustomUserManager', )


# 自定義重寫注冊用戶的管理類
class CustomUserManager(UserManager):
    use_in_migrations = True

    print('# # # Override the registered user management class UserManager to `CustomUserManager`')

    def _create_user(self, username, email, password, **extra_fields):
        """
        Create and save a user with the given username, email, and password.
        """
        if not email:
            raise ValueError('The given email must be set')
        # 使用雪花發號器
        uid = snowflakeid()
        email = self.normalize_email(email)
        username = self.model.normalize_username(username)
        user = self.model(uid=uid, username=username, email=email, **extra_fields)
        user.set_password(password)
        user.save(using=self._db)
        return user


最后在admin.py,你可以寫上有關它的擴展,

Like This Demo:

 
          
            # Register your models here. 
           
          
            from django.contrib import admin 
           
          
            from django.contrib.auth.admin import UserAdmin 
           
          
            # 重新導入擴展后的user表 
           
          
            # from sso.models import User 
           
          
            # from django2education.settings import AUTH_USER_MODEL as User 
           
          
            from django.contrib.auth import get_user_model 
           
          
            User = get_user_model() 
           
          
            # 導入默認settings.AUTH_USER_MODEL 
           
          
            from django.contrib.auth.backends import ModelBackend 
           
          
            from django.db.models import Q, F 
           
          
            from sso.hashers import md5 
           
          
 
          
            admin.site.register(User, UserAdmin) 
           
          
 
          
 
          
            # 自定義用戶身份認證類方法authenticate，配置到settings.py 
           
          
            # 支持用戶名/手機/郵箱的用戶認證 
           
          
            class CustomBackend(ModelBackend): 
           
          
                print("# # # The custom user authentication class `CustomBackend`") 
           
          
 
          
                @staticmethod 
           
          
                def authenticate(self, request, username=None, password=None, **kwargs): 
           
          
                    try: 
           
          
                        user = User.objects.get(Q(username=username) | Q(email=username) | Q(mobile=username)) 
           
          
                        # 統一前后端密碼：由於獲取vue前端的輸入密碼是已用md5加密，獲取django-admin后台的輸入密碼是未加密 
           
          
                        password = md5(password) if len(password) < 32 else password 
           
          
                        if user.check_password(password): 
           
          
                            return user 
           
          
                    except Exception as e: 
           
          
                        print(str(e)) 
           
          
                        return None 
           
          
 
          
                def get_user(self, uid): 
           
          
                    try: 
           
          
                        return User.objects.get(id=uid) 
           
          
                    except Exception: 
           
          
                        return None