本章介紹怎么根據id與class查找標簽。假設有下面的HTML文檔：
<html> <head> <title>A simple example page</title> </head> <body> <div> <p class="inner-text first-item" id="first"> First paragraph. </p> <p class="inner-text"> Second paragraph. </p> </div> <p class="outer-text first-item" id="second"> <b> First outer paragraph. </b> </p> <p class="outer-text"> <b> Second outer paragraph. </b> </p> </body> </html>
可以通過URL https://kevinhwu.github.io/demo/python-scraping/simple2.html 訪問上面的文檔。讓我們先下載頁面並創建一個BeautifulSoup對象:
import requests from bs4 import BeautifulSoup page = requests.get("https://kevinhwu.github.io/demo/python-scraping/simple2.html") soup = BeautifulSoup(page.content, 'html.parser')
根據class查找標簽
根據id與class查找標簽，使用的仍舊是find_all方法。下面的例子，查找類是outer-text的p標簽：
soup.find_all('p', class_='outer-text')
輸出
[<p class="outer-text first-item" id="second"> <b> First outer paragraph. </b> </p>, <p class="outer-text"> <b> Second outer paragraph. </b> </p>]
在下面的例子中，查找任何類是outer-text的標簽:
soup.find_all(class_="outer-text")
輸出
[<p class="outer-text first-item" id="second"> <b> First outer paragraph. </b> </p>, <p class="outer-text"> <b> Second outer paragraph. </b> </p>]
根據id查找標簽
另外，也可以通過id查找標簽:
[<p class="inner-text first-item" id="first"> First paragraph. </p>]
輸出
[<p class="inner-text first-item" id="first"> First paragraph. </p>]