httprunner 2.x學習2-extract提取token值參數關聯(上個接口返回的token，傳給下個接口請求參數)

前言

如何將上個接口的返回token，傳給下個接口當做請求參數?這是最常見的一個問題了。
解決這個問題其實很簡單，我們只需取出token值，設置為一個中間變量a，下個接口傳這個變量a就可以了。那么接下來就是解決兩個問題：

• 如何取出token值？
• 如何參數關聯？

環境： httprunner==2.5.7

場景案例

我現在有一個登陸接口A,登陸成功后返回一個token值。有一個獲取綁定卡號的接口B，但是接口B必須要先登錄后傳登錄的token才能訪問
A接口登錄接口文檔基本信息

• 訪問地址：http://127.0.0.1:8000/api/v1/login/
• 請求類型：POST
• 請求頭部：application/json
• 請求參數：{"username":"test", "password":"123456"}

B接口獲取綁定卡號的接口文檔基本信息

• 訪問地址：http://127.0.0.1:8000/api/v1/userinfo/
• 請求類型：GET
• 請求頭部：Content-Type: application/json
• 請求頭部token參數： Authorization: Token xxxxx login token xxxxx

先不帶token去訪問接口B，使用命令行工具httpie測試接口

C:\Users\dell>http http://127.0.0.1:8000/api/v1/userinfo/
HTTP/1.1 401 Unauthorized
Allow: GET, POST, HEAD, OPTIONS
Content-Length: 58
Content-Type: application/json
Date: Sat, 21 Sep 2019 14:06:15 GMT
Server: WSGIServer/0.2 CPython/3.6.0
Vary: Accept
WWW-Authenticate: Token
X-Frame-Options: SAMEORIGIN

{
    "detail": "Authentication credentials were not provided."
}

不帶token會提示沒權限訪問：401 Unauthorized

接口測試

先使用接口測試工具測試下，用postman,或者fiddler都可以，我這里為了查看報文信息方便，用httpie命令行工具

先訪問接口A獲取token值234af73571da46ade79ea6a74961b1d23d609b79

D:\>http http://127.0.0.1:8000/api/v1/login/ username=test password=123456 -v
POST /api/v1/login/ HTTP/1.1
Accept: application/json, */*
Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate
Connection: keep-alive
Content-Length: 42
Content-Type: application/json
Host: 127.0.0.1:8000
User-Agent: HTTPie/1.0.3

{
    "password": "123456",
    "username": "test"
}

HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Allow: POST, OPTIONS
Content-Length: 109
Content-Type: application/json
Date: Sat, 21 Sep 2019 15:37:06 GMT
Server: WSGIServer/0.2 CPython/3.6.0
Vary: Accept, Cookie
X-Frame-Options: SAMEORIGIN

{
    "code": 0,
    "msg": "login success!",
    "token": "234af73571da46ade79ea6a74961b1d23d609b79",
    "username": "test"
}

傳給下個接口B

D:\>http http://127.0.0.1:8000/api/v1/userinfo/ Authorization:"Token b7e02c959fbae4c2a0d9094f6f9b9a35fa8aaa1e" -v
GET /api/v1/userinfo/ HTTP/1.1
Accept: */*
Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate
Authorization: Token b7e02c959fbae4c2a0d9094f6f9b9a35fa8aaa1e
Connection: keep-alive
Host: 127.0.0.1:8000
User-Agent: HTTPie/1.0.3



HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Allow: GET, POST, HEAD, OPTIONS
Content-Length: 96
Content-Type: application/json
Date: Sat, 21 Sep 2019 16:04:25 GMT
Server: WSGIServer/0.2 CPython/3.6.0
Vary: Accept
X-Frame-Options: SAMEORIGIN

{
    "msg":"sucess!",
    "code":0,
    "data":[
        {
            "id":105,
            "name":"test",
            "sex":"F",
            "age":24,
            "mail":"[e-mail]",
            "create_time":"2020-06-12"
        }]
}

傳頭部參數用xx:xxxx格式，中間用冒號:，如：User-Agent:demo-agent/1.0 'Cookie:a=b;b=c' ,由於Authorization參數中間有空格，用雙引號包起來

extract提取token

提取登錄接口返回的token值，使用extract提取器

    extract:
        - token: content.token

下個接口的用例引用token參數使用$token,完整的用例test_info.yml如下

# 上海悠悠，httprunner QQ交流群：717225969
- config:
    name: logincase
    variables: {}
- test:
    name: login case1
    request:
        url: http://127.0.0.1:8000/api/v1/login/
        method: POST
        headers:
            Content-Type: application/json
            User-Agent: python-requests/2.18.4
        json:
            username: test
            password: 123456
    extract:
        - token: content.token         # 提取token
    validate:
        - eq: [status_code, 200]
        - eq: [headers.Content-Type, application/json]
        - eq: [content.msg, login success!]
        - eq: [content.code, 0]
# 上海悠悠，httprunner QQ交流群：717225969
- test:
    name: get user info case1
    request:
        url: http://127.0.0.1:8000/api/v1/userinfo/
        method: GET
        headers:
            Content-Type: application/json
            User-Agent: python-requests/2.18.4
            Authorization: Token $token          # 引用token
    validate:
        - eq: [status_code, 200]
        - eq: [headers.Content-Type, application/json]
        - eq: [content.data.0.age, 24]
        - eq: [content.data.0.name, test]
        - eq: [content.data.0.mail, [e-mail]]

運行用例

hrun test_info.yml

(venv_hrun) D:\soft\venu_hrun>hrun test_info.yml
INFO     HttpRunner version: 2.5.7
INFO     Start to run testcase: logincase
login case1
INFO     POST http://127.0.0.1:8000/api/v1/login/
INFO     status_code: 200, response_time(ms): 332.73 ms, response_length: 109 bytes

.
get user info case1
INFO     GET http://127.0.0.1:8000/api/v1/userinfo/
INFO     status_code: 200, response_time(ms): 193.55 ms, response_length: 126 bytes

.

----------------------------------------------------------------------
Ran 2 tests in 0.537s

OK
INFO     Start to render Html report ...
INFO     Generated Html report: D:\soft\venu_hrun\reports\20200612T122725.654331.html

查看report報告

打開report目錄下生成的報告文件

打開報告詳情，可以看到token引用成功了