pytest 多個PY文件執行時共享變量及用fixture和conftest

 

1.pytest需要測試多個py文件，這些文件有一定的依賴關系，同時執行的時候，需要只執行一次初始化setup，結束再執行一次teardown；

2.多個py文件需要使用pytest的conftest.py,這個文件名是固定的，在同級目錄還需要__init__.py；

3.由於setup這種經典的初始化方法只支持module,class.method,function,setup

　　module: 一個py文件只運行一次，里面可以是class和function；

　　class: 每個class執行一次；

　　method: class里面的每個函數執行一次；

　　function ： 每個函數執行一次（函數不在class中）；

　　setup: 最小層級，每個函數運行一次；在allure報告中，現在在Test body中；其他級別顯示在的setup中；

4.經典初始化不支持多個py初始化，只能選用fixture;

　　scope值 ：默認是function；

　　session 多個py文件；

　　module 一個py文件里面多個class或function；

　　class： class級別；

　　function：函數級別；

       由於我們是多個py所以，只能選擇session；

       yield 是setup和teardown分界線；

@pytest.fixture(scope="session")
def start_up_session():
    try:
        
        case_name = os.path.basename(__file__).replace('.py', '')
        print(case_name + " start")
        # yield 前面的是tearup的操作
        yield case_name
        # yield 后面的是teardown的操作
        print(case_name + " finish")

 

 

　　autouse = True   fixture里面有個參數autouse，默認是Fasle沒開啟的，可以設置為True開啟自動使用fixture功能，這樣用例就不用每次都去傳參了；

 

@pytest.fixture(scope="function", autouse=True) def get_status(): case_name = os.path.basename(os.path.abspath(__file__)).replace(".py", "") print(case_name + " begin") yield 1 if case_name.isalnum() else 0 print(case_name + " finish") 
# 不傳參數get_tstus也會運行 def test_1(): print(1111) def test_name(): print(2222) if __name__ == "__mian__": pytest.main(["-s", "test_base.py"]) =========================================
============================= test session starts ============================= platform win32 -- Python 3.6.8, pytest-5.4.2, py-1.8.1, pluggy-0.13.1 -- C:\Program Files\Python36\python.exe cachedir: .pytest_cache metadata: {'Python': '3.6.8', 'Platform': 'Windows-10-10.0.18362-SP0', 'Packages': {'pytest': '5.4.2', 'py': '1.8.1', 'pluggy': '0.13.1'}, 'Plugins': {'allure-pytest': '2.8.13', 'cov': '2.8.1', 'forked': '1.1.3', 'html': '2.1.1', 'metadata': '1.9.0', 'ordering': '0.6', 'rerunfailures': '9.0', 'timeout': '1.3.4', 'xdist': '1.32.0'}, 'JAVA_HOME': 'C:\\Program Files\\Java\\jdk1.8.0_202'} rootdir: F:\ShenjuCloudTest\APP plugins: allure-pytest-2.8.13, cov-2.8.1, forked-1.1.3, html-2.1.1, metadata-1.9.0, ordering-0.6, rerunfailures-9.0, timeout-1.3.4, xdist-1.32.0 collecting ... collected 2 items test_base.py::test_1 test_base begin PASSED [ 50%]1111 test_base finish test_base.py::test_name test_base begin PASSED [100%]2222 test_base finish ============================== 2 passed in 0.03s ============================== Process finished with exit code 0

 

 autouse = True   fixture里面有個參數autouse，默認是Fasle沒開啟的，需要顯示調用；

import pytest import os # 默認autouse=Fasle
@pytest.fixture(scope="function") def get_status(): case_name = os.path.basename(os.path.abspath(__file__)).replace(".py", "") print(case_name + " begin") yield 1 if case_name.isalnum() else 0 print(case_name + " finish") # 顯式調用
@pytest.mark.usefixtures("get_status") def test_1(): print(1111) # 顯式調用
@pytest.mark.usefixtures("get_status") def test_name(): print(2222) if __name__ == "__mian__": pytest.main(["-s", "test_base.py"])

 

5.fixture 需要返回值：用傳參數調用：在函數參數中，插入fixture的參數；

import pytest import os @pytest.fixture(scope="function", autouse=True) def get_status(): case_name = os.path.basename(os.path.abspath(__file__)).replace(".py", "") print(case_name + " begin") yield 1 if case_name.isalnum() else 0 print(case_name + " finish") def test_1(get_status): num = get_status assert num == 0 print(1111) def test_name(get_status): num = get_status assert num < 1
    print(2222) if __name__ == "__mian__": pytest.main(["-s", "test_base.py"]) ===================================

============================= test session starts ============================= platform win32 -- Python 3.6.8, pytest-5.4.2, py-1.8.1, pluggy-0.13.1 -- C:\Program Files\Python36\python.exe cachedir: .pytest_cache metadata: {'Python': '3.6.8', 'Platform': 'Windows-10-10.0.18362-SP0', 'Packages': {'pytest': '5.4.2', 'py': '1.8.1', 'pluggy': '0.13.1'}, 'Plugins': {'allure-pytest': '2.8.13', 'cov': '2.8.1', 'forked': '1.1.3', 'html': '2.1.1', 'metadata': '1.9.0', 'ordering': '0.6', 'rerunfailures': '9.0', 'timeout': '1.3.4', 'xdist': '1.32.0'}, 'JAVA_HOME': 'C:\\Program Files\\Java\\jdk1.8.0_202'} rootdir: F:\ShenjuCloudTest\APP plugins: allure-pytest-2.8.13, cov-2.8.1, forked-1.1.3, html-2.1.1, metadata-1.9.0, ordering-0.6, rerunfailures-9.0, timeout-1.3.4, xdist-1.32.0 collecting ... collected 2 items test_base.py::test_1 test_base begin PASSED [ 50%]1111 test_base finish test_base.py::test_name test_base begin PASSED [100%]2222 test_base finish

6.fixture 不需要返回值：除了用傳參數調用，還可以用@pytest.mark.usefixtures()；對class和函數都可以使用，記得和scope搭配；

import pytest import os @pytest.fixture(scope="function", autouse=True) def get_status(): case_name = os.path.basename(os.path.abspath(__file__)).replace(".py", "") print(case_name + " begin") yield 1 if case_name.isalnum() else 0 print(case_name + " finish") @pytest.mark.usefixtures("get_status") def test_1(): print(1111) @pytest.mark.usefixtures("get_status") def test_name(): print(2222) if __name__ == "__mian__": pytest.main(["-s", "test_base.py"]) =======================================
============================= test session starts ============================= platform win32 -- Python 3.6.8, pytest-5.4.2, py-1.8.1, pluggy-0.13.1 -- C:\Program Files\Python36\python.exe cachedir: .pytest_cache metadata: {'Python': '3.6.8', 'Platform': 'Windows-10-10.0.18362-SP0', 'Packages': {'pytest': '5.4.2', 'py': '1.8.1', 'pluggy': '0.13.1'}, 'Plugins': {'allure-pytest': '2.8.13', 'cov': '2.8.1', 'forked': '1.1.3', 'html': '2.1.1', 'metadata': '1.9.0', 'ordering': '0.6', 'rerunfailures': '9.0', 'timeout': '1.3.4', 'xdist': '1.32.0'}, 'JAVA_HOME': 'C:\\Program Files\\Java\\jdk1.8.0_202'} rootdir: F:\ShenjuCloudTest\APP plugins: allure-pytest-2.8.13, cov-2.8.1, forked-1.1.3, html-2.1.1, metadata-1.9.0, ordering-0.6, rerunfailures-9.0, timeout-1.3.4, xdist-1.32.0 collecting ... collected 2 items test_base.py::test_1 test_base begin PASSED [ 50%]1111 test_base finish test_base.py::test_name test_base begin PASSED [100%]2222 test_base finish

 7. 多個py文件使用conftest.py，名字固定，不要改；

　　同級需要有__init__.py；

　　千萬不要通過import導入conftest，否則每個py文件都會運行一遍conftest.py, 無法起到多個py只執行一次作用；pytest執行的時候自動去讀conftest.py配置；

 

 

 

 

import pytest
import os

# conftest.py

@pytest.fixture(scope="session")
def get_status():
    case_name = os.path.basename(os.path.abspath(__file__)).replace(".py", "")
    print(case_name + " begin")
    yield 1 if case_name.isalnum() else 0
    print(case_name + " finish")

import pytest
import os

# test_base 不傳參數，不要返回值

@pytest.mark.usefixtures("get_status")
def test_1():
    print(1111)


@pytest.mark.usefixtures("get_status")
def test_name():
    print(2222)


if __name__ == "__mian__":
    pytest.main(["-s", "test_base.py"])
====================================================================

============================= test session starts =============================
platform win32 -- Python 3.6.8, pytest-5.4.2, py-1.8.1, pluggy-0.13.1 -- C:\Program Files\Python36\python.exe
cachedir: .pytest_cache
metadata: {'Python': '3.6.8', 'Platform': 'Windows-10-10.0.18362-SP0', 'Packages': {'pytest': '5.4.2', 'py': '1.8.1', 'pluggy': '0.13.1'}, 'Plugins': {'allure-pytest': '2.8.13', 'cov': '2.8.1', 'forked': '1.1.3', 'html': '2.1.1', 'metadata': '1.9.0', 'ordering': '0.6', 'rerunfailures': '9.0', 'timeout': '1.3.4', 'xdist': '1.32.0'}, 'JAVA_HOME': 'C:\\Program Files\\Java\\jdk1.8.0_202'}
rootdir: F:\ShenjuCloudTest\APP
plugins: allure-pytest-2.8.13, cov-2.8.1, forked-1.1.3, html-2.1.1, metadata-1.9.0, ordering-0.6, rerunfailures-9.0, timeout-1.3.4, xdist-1.32.0
collecting ... collected 2 items

test/test_base.py::test_1 conftest begin
PASSED [ 50%]1111

test/test_base.py::test_name PASSED [100%]2222
conftest finish

============================== 2 passed in 0.03s ==============================

Process finished with exit code 0

import pytest
import os

# test_base1 傳參數，需要返回值；
def test_1(get_status):
    print("test_1" + str(get_status))
    print(1111)


def test_name(get_status):
    print("test_name" + str(get_status))
    print(2222)


if __name__ == "__mian__":
    pytest.main(["-s", "test_base.py"])
==========================================
============================= test session starts =============================
platform win32 -- Python 3.6.8, pytest-5.4.2, py-1.8.1, pluggy-0.13.1 -- C:\Program Files\Python36\python.exe
cachedir: .pytest_cache
metadata: {'Python': '3.6.8', 'Platform': 'Windows-10-10.0.18362-SP0', 'Packages': {'pytest': '5.4.2', 'py': '1.8.1', 'pluggy': '0.13.1'}, 'Plugins': {'allure-pytest': '2.8.13', 'cov': '2.8.1', 'forked': '1.1.3', 'html': '2.1.1', 'metadata': '1.9.0', 'ordering': '0.6', 'rerunfailures': '9.0', 'timeout': '1.3.4', 'xdist': '1.32.0'}, 'JAVA_HOME': 'C:\\Program Files\\Java\\jdk1.8.0_202'}
rootdir: F:\ShenjuCloudTest\APP\test
plugins: allure-pytest-2.8.13, cov-2.8.1, forked-1.1.3, html-2.1.1, metadata-1.9.0, ordering-0.6, rerunfailures-9.0, timeout-1.3.4, xdist-1.32.0
collecting ... collected 2 items

test_base1.py::test_1 conftest begin
PASSED                                             [ 50%]test_11
1111

test_base1.py::test_name PASSED                                          [100%]test_name1
2222
conftest finish


============================== 2 passed in 0.05s ==============================