Centos8安裝MySQL5.7

Centos8安裝MySQL5.7

2020-04-16 16:07:55

 

 

在Centos8上用原來Centos7上安裝MySQL5.7的方法會安裝失敗，顯示mysql-community-server安裝錯誤。我們用新的方法在Centos8上安裝MySQL5.7 

安裝MySQL 


1. 添加MySQL存儲庫 


禁用MySQL默認的AppStream存儲庫： 

sudo dnf remove @mysql
sudo dnf module reset mysql && sudo dnf module disable mysql

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centos8沒有MySQL存儲庫，因此我們將使用centos 7存儲庫。創建一個新的存儲庫文件。 

sudo vim /etc/yum.repos.d/mysql-community.repo

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將以下數據插入上面的存儲庫中 

[mysql57-community] name=MySQL 5.7 Community Server baseurl=http://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-5.7-community/el/7/$basearch/ enabled=1 gpgcheck=0 [mysql-connectors-community] name=MySQL Connectors Community baseurl=http://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-connectors-community/el/7/$basearch/ enabled=1 gpgcheck=0 [mysql-tools-community] name=MySQL Tools Community baseurl=http://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-tools-community/el/7/$basearch/ enabled=1 gpgcheck=0

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2. 安裝MySQL(這里我選擇MySQL5.7) 

sudo dnf --enablerepo=mysql57-community install mysql-community-server

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3. 如果安裝失敗,使用以下方法進行安裝 

先下載rpm包 

wget https://dev.mysql.com/get/Downloads/MySQL-5.7/mysql-community-common-5.7.27-1.el6.x86_64.rpm wget https://dev.mysql.com/get/Downloads/MySQL-5.7/mysql-community-libs-5.7.27-1.el6.x86_64.rpm wget https://dev.mysql.com/get/Downloads/MySQL-5.7/mysql-community-client-5.7.27-1.el6.x86_64.rpm wget https://dev.mysql.com/get/Downloads/MySQL-5.7/mysql-community-server-5.7.27-1.el6.x86_64.rpm

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再安裝 

yum install -y mysql-community-common-5.7.27-1.el6.x86_64.rpm yum install -y mysql-community-libs-5.7.27-1.el6.x86_64.rpm yum install -y mysql-community-client-5.7.27-1.el6.x86_64.rpm yum install -y mysql-community-server-5.7.27-1.el6.x86_64.rpm

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4. 下載完成后檢查版本 

[root@test ~]# rpm -qi mysql-community-server Name : mysql-community-server Version : 5.7.29 Release : 1.el7 Architecture: x86_64 Install Date: Sat 22 Feb 2020 11:04:07 AM CST Group : Applications/Databases Size : 801919839 License : Copyright (c) 2000, 2019, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Under GPLv2 license as shown in the Description field. Signature : DSA/SHA1, Thu 19 Dec 2019 04:12:40 PM CST, Key ID 8c718d3b5072e1f5 Source RPM : mysql-community-5.7.29-1.el7.src.rpm Build Date : Wed 18 Dec 2019 09:31:48 PM CST Build Host : loki02.no.oracle.com Relocations : (not relocatable) Packager : MySQL Release Engineering <[e-mail]> Vendor : Oracle and/or its affiliates URL : http://www.mysql.com/ Summary : A very fast and reliable SQL database server

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出現以上信息說明安裝成功 


5. 檢查 mysql 源是否安裝成功 

yum repolist enabled | grep "mysql.*-community.*"

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出現以下信息說明安裝成功： 

mysql-connectors-community MySQL Connectors Community 141 mysql-tools-community MySQL Tools Community 105 mysql57-community MySQL 5.7 Community Server

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6. 啟動MySQL 

systemctl start mysqld

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7. 查看啟動狀態 

systemctl status mysqld

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 出現以下信息，則啟動成功 

Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled) Active: active (running) since Sat 2020-02-22 11:14:47 CST; 2h 19min ago Docs: man:mysqld(8) http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/en/using-systemd.html Process: 21345 ExecStart=/usr/sbin/mysqld --daemonize --pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid $MYSQLD_OPTS (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS) Process: 21323 ExecStartPre=/usr/bin/mysqld_pre_systemd (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS) Main PID: 21349 (mysqld) Tasks: 30 (limit: 11516) Memory: 209.1M CGroup: /system.slice/mysqld.service ?..21349 /usr/sbin/mysqld --daemonize --pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid

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8. 設置開機啟動 

systemctl enable mysqld

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9. 刷新所有修改過的配置文件 

systemctl daemon-reload

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10. 獲取安裝mysql后生成的臨時密碼，用於登錄 

grep 'temporary password' /var/log/mysqld.log

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# 如果出現如下列信息，密碼為: BL=azx(1u;Br 

2020-02-22T03:05:17.741049Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: BL=azx(1u;Br

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11. 登錄MySQL 

mysql -uroot -p

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# 再輸入上面查找得到的臨時密碼即可進入mysql 


12. 修改登錄密碼 

mysql> ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'MyNewPass4!（修改后的密碼，注意必須包含大小寫字母數字以及特殊字符並且長度不能少於8位,否則會報錯）'; 或者通過：mysql> set password for 'root'@'localhost'=password('MyNewPass4!'); 或者通過：mysql> use mysql; mysql> update user set password=PASSWORD('MyNewPass5!') where user='root'; mysql> flush privileges;

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13. 添加遠程登錄用戶(即本機訪問服務器上的MySQL) 

mysql> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'zhangsan（用戶名）'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'Zhangsan2018!（密碼）' WITH GRANT OPTION; # 或者直接將root權限修改為可以通過遠程訪問(但不推薦) mysql> use mysql; mysql> UPDATE user SET Host='%' WHERE User='root'; mysql> flush privileges;

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14. 設置默認編碼為utf-8（mysql安裝后默認不支持中文） 

vim /etc/my.cnf # 進入文件后添加下面的配置即可 [mysqld] character-set-server=utf8 [client] default-character-set=utf8 [mysql] default-character-set=utf8

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15. 重啟MySQL服務並進入MySQL 

shell> systemctl restart mysqld shell> mysql -uroot -p mysql> show variables like 'character%';

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出現如下則說明編碼修改完成 

+--------------------------+----------------------------+ 
| Variable_name            | Value                      | 
+--------------------------+----------------------------+ 
| character_set_client     | utf8                       | 
| character_set_connection | utf8                       | 
| character_set_database   | utf8                       | 
| character_set_filesystem | binary                     | 
| character_set_results    | utf8                       | 
| character_set_server     | utf8                       | 
| character_set_system     | utf8                       | 
| character_sets_dir       | /usr/share/mysql/charsets/ | 
+--------------------------+----------------------------+ 

退出MySQL 

mysql> quit

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使用本機電腦navicat/sqlyog等一系列客戶端工具連接服務器上的mysql，用戶名和密碼為遠程用戶的用戶名和密碼，如果是將root權限修改為可以遠程訪問，就用root訪問。