使用 Nginx+OBS 搭建rmtp直播服務器並進行直播

目錄

• 簡介和安裝
• 配置
• OBS推流
• 運行
• 拉流
• 完成

簡介和安裝

Nginx 本身是一個非常出色的HTTP服務器，OBS (Open Broadcaster Software) 是一個免費且開源的，全平台支持的視頻錄制和直播軟件。這兩個東西通過一個nginx的模塊nginx-rtmp-module組合在一起，即可以搭建一個功能流媒體服務器。這個流媒體服務器可以支持RTMP和HLS(Live Http Stream)。
FFmpeg也是一個非常優秀的音視頻解決軟件。但OBS的界面更加友好，且支持屏幕捕獲，所以我選擇OBS。其實是因為FFmpeg沒有GUI界面，所以我懶得再去研究它。
關於Nginx的安裝，可以參考這里。在Linux端的Nginx與RTMP模塊的安裝，可以參考這里。RTMP模塊的Github地址在這里，你可以在這里看到更為詳盡的使用說明。
作者在Windows環境下搭建服務器，並且僅僅以最簡單的方式實現作者需要的功能。

配置

假定你已經安裝好了Nginx和RTMP插件，現在是使用它的時候了。
首先，定義一個Nginx的配置文件nginx-win-rmtp.conf。

展開查看范例

#user  nobody;
# multiple workers works !
worker_processes  2;

#error_log  logs/error.log;
#error_log  logs/error.log  notice;
#error_log  logs/error.log  info;

#pid        logs/nginx.pid;

events {
    worker_connections  8192;
    # max value 32768, nginx recycling connections+registry optimization = 
    #   this.value * 20 = max concurrent connections currently tested with one worker
    #   C1000K should be possible depending there is enough ram/cpu power
    # multi_accept on;
}

rtmp {
    server {
        listen 1935;
        chunk_size 4000;
        application live {
             live on;
        }
    }
}

http {
    #include      /nginx/conf/naxsi_core.rules;
    include       mime.types;
    default_type  application/octet-stream;

    #log_format  main  '$remote_addr:$remote_port - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
    #                  '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
    #                  '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';

    #access_log  logs/access.log  main;

#     # loadbalancing PHP
#     upstream myLoadBalancer {
#         server 127.0.0.1:9001 weight=1 fail_timeout=5;
#         server 127.0.0.1:9002 weight=1 fail_timeout=5;
#         server 127.0.0.1:9003 weight=1 fail_timeout=5;
#         server 127.0.0.1:9004 weight=1 fail_timeout=5;
#         server 127.0.0.1:9005 weight=1 fail_timeout=5;
#         server 127.0.0.1:9006 weight=1 fail_timeout=5;
#         server 127.0.0.1:9007 weight=1 fail_timeout=5;
#         server 127.0.0.1:9008 weight=1 fail_timeout=5;
#         server 127.0.0.1:9009 weight=1 fail_timeout=5;
#         server 127.0.0.1:9010 weight=1 fail_timeout=5;
#         least_conn;
#     }

    sendfile        off;
    #tcp_nopush     on;

    server_names_hash_bucket_size 128;

## Start: Timeouts ##
    client_body_timeout   10;
    client_header_timeout 10;
    keepalive_timeout     30;
    send_timeout          10;
    keepalive_requests    10;
## End: Timeouts ##

    #gzip  on;

    server {
        listen       80;
        server_name  localhost;


        location /stat {
            rtmp_stat all;
            rtmp_stat_stylesheet stat.xsl;
        }
        location /stat.xsl {
            root nginx-rtmp-module/;
        }
        location /control {
            rtmp_control all;
        }

        #charset koi8-r;
        #access_log  logs/host.access.log  main;

        ## Caching Static Files, put before first location
        #location ~* \.(jpg|jpeg|png|gif|ico|css|js)$ {
        #    expires 14d;
        #    add_header Vary Accept-Encoding;
        #}

# For Naxsi remove the single # line for learn mode, or the ## lines for full WAF mode
        location / {
            #include    /nginx/conf/mysite.rules; # see also http block naxsi include line
            ##SecRulesEnabled;
         ##DeniedUrl "/RequestDenied";
         ##CheckRule "$SQL >= 8" BLOCK;
         ##CheckRule "$RFI >= 8" BLOCK;
         ##CheckRule "$TRAVERSAL >= 4" BLOCK;
         ##CheckRule "$XSS >= 8" BLOCK;
            root   html;
            index  index.html index.htm;
        }

# For Naxsi remove the ## lines for full WAF mode, redirect location block used by naxsi
        ##location /RequestDenied {
        ##    return 412;
        ##}

## Lua examples !
#         location /robots.txt {
#           rewrite_by_lua '
#             if ngx.var.http_host ~= "localhost" then
#               return ngx.exec("/robots_disallow.txt");
#             end
#           ';
#         }

        #error_page  404              /404.html;

        # redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html
        #
        error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;
        location = /50x.html {
            root   html;
        }

        # proxy the PHP scripts to Apache listening on 127.0.0.1:80
        #
        #location ~ \.php$ {
        #    proxy_pass   http://127.0.0.1;
        #}

        # pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000
        #
        #location ~ \.php$ {
        #    root           html;
        #    fastcgi_pass   127.0.0.1:9000; # single backend process
        #    fastcgi_pass   myLoadBalancer; # or multiple, see example above
        #    fastcgi_index  index.php;
        #    fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME  $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
        #    include        fastcgi_params;
        #}

        # deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root
        # concurs with nginx's one
        #
        #location ~ /\.ht {
        #    deny  all;
        #}
    }

    # another virtual host using mix of IP-, name-, and port-based configuration
    #
    #server {
    #    listen       8000;
    #    listen       somename:8080;
    #    server_name  somename  alias  another.alias;

    #    location / {
    #        root   html;
    #        index  index.html index.htm;
    #    }
    #}

    # HTTPS server
    #
    #server {
    #    listen       443 ssl spdy;
    #    server_name  localhost;

    #    ssl                  on;
    #    ssl_certificate      cert.pem;
    #    ssl_certificate_key  cert.key;
    #    ssl_session_timeout  5m;
    #    ssl_prefer_server_ciphers On;
    #    ssl_protocols TLSv1 TLSv1.1 TLSv1.2;
    #    ssl_ciphers ECDH+AESGCM:ECDH+AES256:ECDH+AES128:ECDH+3DES:RSA+AESGCM:RSA+AES:RSA+3DES:!aNULL:!eNULL:!MD5:!DSS:!EXP:!ADH:!LOW:!MEDIUM;

    #    location / {
    #        root   html;
    #        index  index.html index.htm;
    #    }
    #}

}

挑重點的說，我們需要注意的是

rtmp {
    server {
        listen 1935;
        chunk_size 4000;
        application live {
             live on;
        }
    }
}

此處的listen指的是你的rtmp開在了本地的哪個端口，當你需要鏈接服務器的時候，別忘了把端口號加上，如果設備處於內網，那么記得打開端口映射，防火牆選擇放行。因為我們關注的只有rtmp服務器，所以無需關注其他端口。

OBS推流

打開OBS。
1.進入推流設置，將服務設置為“自定義”。
2.服務器設置為rtmp://IP:Port/APP。
3.串流秘鑰不填寫，作者不會使用權限控制的功能。想要進行權限設置，可以參考這里。

因為在配置文件中我們創建的app名字就叫live，所以在這里APP填寫為live。如rtmp://192.168.1.110:1935/live。

運行

我寫了一個Powershell腳本來運行nginx。可以在一個PS窗口中非常方便的運行和結束nginx。
該腳本默認nginx-win-rtmp.conf配置文件在nginx.exe目錄下的\conf目錄中。
而nginx.exe的路徑在D:\Hider\Tools\FFmpeg+nginx+LIVE\nginx-1.7.11.3-Gryphon中，請根據實際情況自行修改。

cd "D:\Hider\Tools\FFmpeg+nginx+LIVE\nginx-1.7.11.3-Gryphon"

# 若nginx已經運行，則停止
Get-Process -Name "nginx" | Stop-Process
$job = Start-Job -ScriptBlock {
	cd "D:\Hider\Tools\FFmpeg+nginx+LIVE\nginx-1.7.11.3-Gryphon";
	.\nginx.exe -c conf\nginx-win-rtmp.conf;
	}
Write-Host "Starting...`n"
sleep 2
Get-Job
Write-Host "`n"
Get-Process -Name "nginx" | Format-Table

do {
	Write-Host "`nNginx is running, finish it?`n";
	$exit = Read-Host "Type Y to finish";
	Write-Host "`n"
} while ($exit -ne "Y")

Write-Host "Before:"
Get-Process -Name "nginx" | Format-Table
.\nginx.exe -s quit
# 先平穩關閉，若失敗則強制結束進程
Get-Process -Name "nginx" | Stop-Process
sleep 1
Write-Host "`nAfter:"
Get-Process -Name "ngin*" | Format-Table
Write-Host "(It has been finished if there were no output.)"
Write-Host "`nNginx has been finished.`n"
pause

拉流

讓OBS開始推流，如果一切都沒有問題，此時應該是可以正常運行的。接下來，我們要讓客戶端拉取直播。
作者使用Potplayer，各個（靠譜的）播放器播放流的方法都大同小異：
1.菜單 - 打開 - 打開流（或 打開鏈接 等）
2.輸入剛剛你推流的rtmp://網址，和OBS推流地址相同。

完成

到此為止，你應該已經成功的在本地搭建了一個簡單的nginx直播服務器，並且能夠正常觀看。
十分感謝您的閱讀，這是我第一次寫博客，希望能夠得到更多的指教，包括技術方面和寫作方面的。