IntelliJ IDEA之Maven工程多模塊繼承和聚合創建(詳解)

一、前言
IntelliJ IDEA開發環境搭建：具體參考《IntelliJ IDEA教程之如何配置Maven》
Maven環境搭建：具體參考《Windows下Maven安裝以及配置》

主要模擬企業開發是如何搭建Maven工程的，以Spring+SpringMVC+MyBatis為框架搭建，搭建環境Windows8系統，使用IntelliJ IDEA搭建Maven工程或者項目。

二、步驟
首先，我們創建一個新的工作空間

點擊File ->New-Project...，彈出以下界面

 

 

 

點擊Next

 

 

 點擊Finish，進入到一個新的工作空間

 

 

 

創建queen-parent工程
點擊File ->New->Module...，進入以下界面

 

 

 

點擊Next，填寫組織名稱和項目名稱，以及版本號(GAV)

 

 

 

點擊Next

 

 

 

點擊Next，父工程最后一步，給Module取名及選擇工作目錄

 

 

 

點擊Finish，完成，如圖：

 

 

 

Pom文件完整如下：

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <groupId>com.queen.parent</groupId>
    <artifactId>queen-parent</artifactId>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <packaging>pom</packaging>
 
    <!-- 集中定義依賴版本號 -->
    <properties>
        <junit.version>4.10</junit.version>
        <spring.version>4.1.3.RELEASE</spring.version>
        <mybatis.version>3.2.8</mybatis.version>
        <mybatis.spring.version>1.2.2</mybatis.spring.version>
        <mybatis.paginator.version>1.2.15</mybatis.paginator.version>
        <mysql.version>5.1.32</mysql.version>
        <slf4j.version>1.6.4</slf4j.version>
        <jackson.version>2.4.2</jackson.version>
        <druid.version>1.0.9</druid.version>
        <httpclient.version>4.3.5</httpclient.version>
        <jstl.version>1.2</jstl.version>
        <servlet-api.version>2.5</servlet-api.version>
        <jsp-api.version>2.0</jsp-api.version>
        <joda-time.version>2.5</joda-time.version>
        <commons-lang3.version>3.3.2</commons-lang3.version>
        <commons-io.version>1.3.2</commons-io.version>
    </properties>
 
    <dependencyManagement>
        <dependencies>
            <!-- 單元測試 -->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>junit</groupId>
                <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
                <version>${junit.version}</version>
                <scope>test</scope>
            </dependency>
 
            <!-- Spring -->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
                <version>${spring.version}</version>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId>
                <version>${spring.version}</version>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
                <version>${spring.version}</version>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
                <version>${spring.version}</version>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-aspects</artifactId>
                <version>${spring.version}</version>
            </dependency>
 
            <!-- Mybatis -->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
                <artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
                <version>${mybatis.version}</version>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
                <artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId>
                <version>${mybatis.spring.version}</version>
            </dependency>
            <!-- 分頁助手 -->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>com.github.pagehelper</groupId>
                <artifactId>pagehelper</artifactId>
                <version>3.7.5</version>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>com.github.jsqlparser</groupId>
                <artifactId>jsqlparser</artifactId>
                <version>0.9.1</version>
            </dependency>
            <!-- 通用Mapper -->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>com.github.abel533</groupId>
                <artifactId>mapper</artifactId>
                <version>2.3.4</version>
            </dependency>
 
            <!-- MySql -->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>mysql</groupId>
                <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
                <version>${mysql.version}</version>
            </dependency>
 
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
                <artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId>
                <version>${slf4j.version}</version>
            </dependency>
 
            <!-- Jackson Json處理工具包 -->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
                <artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId>
                <version>${jackson.version}</version>
            </dependency>
 
            <!-- 連接池 -->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>com.jolbox</groupId>
                <artifactId>bonecp-spring</artifactId>
                <version>0.8.0.RELEASE</version>
            </dependency>
 
            <!-- httpclient -->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.apache.httpcomponents</groupId>
                <artifactId>httpclient</artifactId>
                <version>${httpclient.version}</version>
            </dependency>
 
            <!-- JSP相關 -->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>jstl</groupId>
                <artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
                <version>${jstl.version}</version>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
                <artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId>
                <version>${servlet-api.version}</version>
                <scope>provided</scope>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
                <artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId>
                <version>${jsp-api.version}</version>
                <scope>provided</scope>
            </dependency>
 
            <!-- 時間操作組件 -->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>joda-time</groupId>
                <artifactId>joda-time</artifactId>
                <version>${joda-time.version}</version>
            </dependency>
 
            <!-- Apache工具組件 -->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId>
                <artifactId>commons-lang3</artifactId>
                <version>${commons-lang3.version}</version>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId>
                <artifactId>commons-io</artifactId>
                <version>${commons-io.version}</version>
            </dependency>
 
        </dependencies>
    </dependencyManagement>
 
    <build>
        <finalName>${project.artifactId}</finalName>
        <plugins>
            <!-- 資源文件拷貝插件 -->
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-resources-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>2.7</version>
                <configuration>
                    <encoding>UTF-8</encoding>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
            <!-- java編譯插件 -->
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>3.2</version>
                <configuration>
                    <source>1.7</source>
                    <target>1.7</target>
                    <encoding>UTF-8</encoding>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
        <pluginManagement>
            <plugins>
                <!-- 配置Tomcat插件 -->
                <plugin>
                    <groupId>org.apache.tomcat.maven</groupId>
                    <artifactId>tomcat7-maven-plugin</artifactId>
                    <version>2.2</version>
                </plugin>
            </plugins>
        </pluginManagement>
    </build>
</project>

注意：項目的打包方式為pom

創建公用工程queen-common

點擊File->New->Module...，進入以下界面，請按照下圖紅色框框進行選中

 

 

 

點擊Next

 

 

 

點擊Next

 

 

 

點擊Next

 

 

 

點擊Finish，創建成功

 

 

 

Pom文件如下：

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <groupId>com.queen.common</groupId>
    <artifactId>queen-common</artifactId>
    <parent>
        <groupId>com.queen.parent</groupId>
        <artifactId>queen-parent</artifactId>
        <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    </parent>
</project>

注意：項目的打包方式為jar和父項目有所不同

創建queen-manage
跟前面創建queen-parent步驟類似，就不再贅述了，注意：下面打包方式為pom

 

 

 

 

 

 

點擊Finish，創建成功

pom文件如下

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <groupId>com.queen.manage</groupId>
    <artifactId>queen-manage</artifactId>
    <packaging>pom</packaging>
    <parent>
        <groupId>com.queen.parent</groupId>
        <artifactId>queen-parent</artifactId>
        <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    </parent>
</project>

接下來我們創建工程queen-manage的子模塊工程queen-manage-pojo

 

 

 

點擊Next

 

 

 

點擊Next

 

 

 

點擊Next

 

 

 

點擊Finish完成
緊接着我們依次創建queen-manage-mapper，queen-manage-service，queen-manage-controller工程，步驟跟queen-manage-pojo一樣。

注意：在我們創建queen-manage-controller時，打包方式要選擇war。

最終我們新建的所有工程如下：

 

 

 

現在我們要整理一下子工程之間的依賴關系
queen-manage-controller-依賴-queen-manage-service-依賴-queen-manage-mapper-依賴-queen-manage-pojo
上面可知，我們的依賴關系如此。
那我們修改一下pom文件

在queen-manage-mapper的pom文件中加入queen-manage-pojo的坐標

<dependency>
    <groupId>com.queen.manage</groupId>
    <artifactId>queen-manage-pojo</artifactId>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
</dependency>

在queen-manage-service的pom文件中加入queen-manage-mapper的坐標

<dependency>
    <groupId>com.queen.manage</groupId>
    <artifactId>queen-manage-mapper</artifactId>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
</dependency>

在queen-manage-controller的pom文件中加入queen-manage-service的坐標

<dependency>
    <groupId>com.queen.manage</groupId>
    <artifactId>queen-manage-service</artifactId>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
</dependency>

各個工程中導入依賴

在queen-manage-controller工程的pom文件完整依賴：

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
  <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
  <parent>
    <groupId>com.queen.manage</groupId>
    <artifactId>queen-manage</artifactId>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
  </parent>
  <artifactId>queen-manage-controller</artifactId>
  <packaging>war</packaging>
  <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.queen.manage</groupId>
            <artifactId>queen-manage-service</artifactId>
            <version>1.0.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-aspects</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
            <artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!-- MySql -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!-- Jackson Json處理工具包 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
            <artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!-- 連接池 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.jolbox</groupId>
            <artifactId>bonecp-spring</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!-- JSP相關 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>jstl</groupId>
            <artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
            <artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId>
            <scope>provided</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
            <artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId>
            <scope>provided</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>commons-fileupload</groupId>
            <artifactId>commons-fileupload</artifactId>
            <version>1.3.1</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- 時間操作組件 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>joda-time</groupId>
            <artifactId>joda-time</artifactId>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>
</project>

在queen-manage-service工程的pom文件完整依賴

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
  <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
  <parent>
    <groupId>com.queen.manage</groupId>
    <artifactId>queen-manage</artifactId>
    <version>1.0.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
  </parent>
  <artifactId>queen-manage-service</artifactId>
  <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.queen.manage</groupId>
            <artifactId>queen-manage-mapper</artifactId>
            <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!-- 分頁助手 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.github.pagehelper</groupId>
            <artifactId>pagehelper</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.github.jsqlparser</groupId>
            <artifactId>jsqlparser</artifactId>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>
</project>

在queen-manage-mapper工程的pom文件完整依賴：

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
  <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
  <parent>
    <groupId>com.queen.manage</groupId>
    <artifactId>queen-manage</artifactId>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
  </parent>
  <artifactId>queen-manage-mapper</artifactId>
  <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.queen.manage</groupId>
            <artifactId>queen-manage-pojo</artifactId>
            <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- Mybatis -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
            <artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!-- 通用Mapper -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.github.abel533</groupId>
            <artifactId>mapper</artifactId>
            <exclusions>
                <exclusion>
                    <artifactId>persistence-api</artifactId>
                    <groupId>javax.persistence</groupId>
                </exclusion>
            </exclusions>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>
</project>

在queen-manage-pojo工程的pom文件完整依賴：

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
  <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
  <parent>
    <groupId>com.queen.manage</groupId>
    <artifactId>queen-manage</artifactId>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
  </parent>
  <artifactId>queen-manage-pojo</artifactId>
  <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.persistence</groupId>
            <artifactId>persistence-api</artifactId>
            <version>1.0</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>
</project>

在queen-manage工程的pom文件完整依賴：

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <parent>
        <groupId>com.queen.parent</groupId>
        <artifactId>queen-parent</artifactId>
        <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    </parent>
    <groupId>com.queen.manage</groupId>
    <artifactId>queen-manage</artifactId>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <packaging>pom</packaging>
    <modules>
        <module>queen-manage-pojo</module>
        <module>queen-manage-mapper</module>
        <module>queen-manage-service</module>
        <module>queen-manage-web</module>
    </modules>
    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.queen.common</groupId>
            <artifactId>queen-common</artifactId>
            <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- 單元測試 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!-- Apache工具組件 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId>
            <artifactId>commons-lang3</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId>
            <artifactId>commons-io</artifactId>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>
 
    <build>
        <plugins>
            <!-- 配置Tomcat插件 -->
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.tomcat.maven</groupId>
                <artifactId>tomcat7-maven-plugin</artifactId>
                <configuration>
                    <port>8080</port>
                    <path>/</path>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>
</project>

運行工程，這里我們使用Maven Tomcat Plugin運行web項目

點擊主界面右上角，進入以下界面

 

 

 

 注意：運行之前，每個工程需要clean和install一下 ，否則啟動不了，如果你不知道IDEA如何使用Maven的clean功能，請參考這篇文章《IntelliJ IDEA教程之如何clean或者install Maven項目》
web.xml配置如下

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd"
    id="WebApp_ID" version="2.5">
    <display-name>queen-manage</display-name>
    <welcome-file-list>
        <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
    </welcome-file-list>
 
</web-app>

index.jsp文件如下：

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>index</title>
</head>
<body>
    Welcome：queen
</body>

點擊主界面右上角綠色三角形運行項目
運行起來之后，我們訪問一下服務http://localhost:8080/index.jsp