一、ECMWF（方正附近，46，128.75，張志浩）
from netCDF4 import Dataset
from netCDF4 import num2date
nc_obj = Dataset ( "download.nc" )
# 查看nc文件中的變量
print ( nc_obj.variables.keys() )
odict_keys(['longitude', 'latitude', 'time', 'u10', 'v10', 't2m', 'sp'])
# 查看每個變量的單位
for i in nc_obj.variables.keys ():
print ( nc_obj.variables[i].units )
degrees_east
degrees_north
hours since 1900-01-01 00:00:00.0
m s**-1
m s**-1
K
Pa
# 查看每個變量的形狀（維度）
for i in nc_obj.variables.keys ():
print ( nc_obj.variables[i].shape )
(21,)
(41,)
(144,)
(144, 41, 21)
(144, 41, 21)
(144, 41, 21)
(144, 41, 21)
#取出時間
time=nc_obj['time'][:]
print(time[:5])
[1051152 1051153 1051154 1051155 1051156]
#將時間轉化為人類可讀時間 datetime.datetime
time1=num2date(time,units=nc_obj['time'].units)
print(time1[:5])
[datetime.datetime(2019, 12, 1, 0, 0) datetime.datetime(2019, 12, 1, 1, 0)
datetime.datetime(2019, 12, 1, 2, 0) datetime.datetime(2019, 12, 1, 3, 0)
datetime.datetime(2019, 12, 1, 4, 0)]
#經度 128.5 14 128.75 15
longitude=nc_obj['longitude'][:]
print(longitude)
# print(nc_obj['longitude'][14])
[125. 125.25 125.5 125.75 126. 126.25 126.5 126.75 127. 127.25
127.5 127.75 128. 128.25 128.5 128.75 129. 129.25 129.5 129.75
130. ]
#緯度 45.5 18 46 16
latitude=nc_obj['latitude'][:]
print(latitude)
# print(nc_obj['latitude'][18])
# print(nc_obj['latitude'][16])
[50. 49.75 49.5 49.25 49. 48.75 48.5 48.25 48. 47.75 47.5 47.25
47. 46.75 46.5 46.25 46. 45.75 45.5 45.25 45. 44.75 44.5 44.25
44. 43.75 43.5 43.25 43. 42.75 42.5 42.25 42. 41.75 41.5 41.25
41. 40.75 40.5 40.25 40. ]
#取出變量blh 10 metre V wind component(10米V風分量)
v10=nc_obj['v10'][:]
#取出北緯46東經128.75的v10數值
a = [0]*144
for i in range(144):
a[i]=nc_obj.variables['v10'][i][16][15]
#取出變量10 metre U wind component,(10米U風分量)
u10=nc_obj['u10'][:]
#取出北緯46東經128.75的u10數值
b = [0]*144
for i in range(144):
b[i]=nc_obj.variables['u10'][i][16][15]
#對v10和u10平方和開平方
c = [0]*144
for i in range(144):
c[i]=(a[i]**2+b[i]**2)**0.5
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import pandas as pd
plt.rc('font', family='SimHei', size=15) #繪圖中的中文顯示問題，圖表字體為SimHei，字號為15
#plt.rcParams['font.sans-serif']=['SimHei'] #用來正常顯示中文標簽
plt.rcParams['axes.unicode_minus']=False #用來正常顯示負號
plt.figure(figsize=(31,8))
plt.title('ECMWF風速(v10和u10平方和的開平方)與時間的函數') #有標題(風速與風向的函數)
plt.xlabel('時間') #橫坐標的標題
plt.ylabel('風速（m/s）') #縱坐標的標題
plt.grid(color='#95a5a6',linestyle='--',linewidth=3,axis='both',alpha=0.4) #設置網格
plt.plot(time1,c,marker='o',c='r')
# plt.xticks(pd.date_range('2019-12-01','2019-01-31'))
# plt.xticks(rotation='vertical')
# plt.xticks(rotation=30)
plt.gcf().autofmt_xdate()
# plt.savefig('ECMWF.png') #保存圖片
plt.show()
D:\Users\zzh\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\pandas\plotting\_matplotlib\converter.py:103: FutureWarning: Using an implicitly registered datetime converter for a matplotlib plotting method. The converter was registered by pandas on import. Future versions of pandas will require you to explicitly register matplotlib converters.
To register the converters:
>>> from pandas.plotting import register_matplotlib_converters
>>> register_matplotlib_converters()
warnings.warn(msg, FutureWarning)
t2m=nc_obj['t2m'][:]
# print(t2m)
#取出北緯46東經128.75的t2m數值
t2m1 = [0]*144
for i in range(144):
t2m1[i]=nc_obj.variables['t2m'][i][16][15]
# 將開氏度轉化為攝氏度
# 1攝氏度(℃)=274.15開氏度(K)
t2m2=[]
for i in t2m1:
t2m2.append(i/274.15)
plt.figure(figsize=(31,8))
plt.title('ECMWF的2米溫度（t2m）與時間的函數') #有標題(風速與風向的函數)
plt.xlabel('時間') #橫坐標的標題
plt.ylabel('溫度（K）') #縱坐標的標題
plt.grid(color='#95a5a6',linestyle='--',linewidth=3,axis='both',alpha=0.4) #設置網格
plt.plot(time1,t2m2,marker='o',c='r')
# plt.xticks(pd.date_range('2019-12-01','2019-01-31'))
# plt.xticks(rotation='vertical')
# plt.xticks(rotation=30)
plt.gcf().autofmt_xdate()
# plt.savefig('ECMWF.png') #保存圖片
plt.show()
sp=nc_obj['sp'][:]
# print(sp)
#取出北緯46東經128.75的sp數值
e = [0]*144
for i in range(144):
e[i]=nc_obj.variables['sp'][i][16][15]
plt.figure(figsize=(31,8))
plt.title('ECMWF的表明壓力（sp）與時間的函數') #有標題(風速與風向的函數)
plt.xlabel('時間') #橫坐標的標題
plt.ylabel('壓力（Pa）') #縱坐標的標題
plt.grid(color='#95a5a6',linestyle='--',linewidth=3,axis='both',alpha=0.4) #設置網格
plt.plot(time1,e,marker='o',c='r')
# plt.xticks(pd.date_range('2019-12-01','2019-01-31'))
# plt.xticks(rotation='vertical')
# plt.xticks(rotation=30)
plt.gcf().autofmt_xdate()
# plt.savefig('ECMWF.png') #保存圖片
plt.show()
#將數據存儲到csv文件
import pandas as pd
#a和b的長c度必須保持一致，否則報錯
#字典中的key值即為csv中列名
dataframe = pd.DataFrame({'時間':time1,'風速（m/s）':c,'2米溫度(℃)':t2m2,'壓力(Pa)':e})
#將DataFrame存儲為csv,index表示是否顯示行名，default=True
dataframe.to_csv(r"ECMWF(方正)20191201-06.csv",sep=',',index=False)
二、NOAA（通河,45.967 ,128.733王闊）
from datetime import datetime
import pandas as pd
noaa=pd.read_csv("C:\\Users\\zzh\\Desktop\\tonghe1201-1208.csv")
print(noaa.shape)
(64, 33)
noaa.head()
| USAF | WBAN | TIME | DIR | SPD | GUS | CLG | SKC | L | M | ... | SLP | ALT | STP | MAX | MIN | PCP01 | PCP06 | PCP24 | PCPXX | SD | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0 | 509630 | ***** | 201912010000 | 261 | 18 | 28 | *** | *** | * | * | ... | 1023.6 | ***** | 1009.2 | *** | *** | ***** | ***** | 0.19 | ***** | 0 |
| 1 | 509630 | ***** | 201912010300 | 272 | 12 | 28 | *** | *** | * | * | ... | 1023.4 | ***** | 1009.0 | *** | *** | ***** | 0.00 | 0.19 | ***** | 0 |
| 2 | 509630 | ***** | 201912010600 | 292 | 7 | 28 | *** | *** | * | * | ... | 1022.7 | ***** | 1008.3 | 20 | 14 | ***** | 0.01 | 0.19 | ***** | 0 |
| 3 | 509630 | ***** | 201912010900 | 300 | 4 | 28 | 722 | CLR | * | * | ... | 1022.5 | ***** | 1007.9 | *** | *** | ***** | 0.00 | 0.16 | 0.01 | ** |
| 4 | 509630 | ***** | 201912011200 | 223 | 1 | 25 | 722 | CLR | * | * | ... | 1021.6 | ***** | 1006.8 | *** | *** | ***** | ***** | 0.05 | ***** | 0 |
5 rows × 33 columns
#取出時間
TIME=noaa['TIME'][:64,]
print(TIME)
0 201912010000
1 201912010300
2 201912010600
3 201912010900
4 201912011200
...
59 201912080900
60 201912081200
61 201912081500
62 201912081800
63 201912082100
Name: TIME, Length: 64, dtype: int64
# 201901041500，
# 每一個時間如上所示，為2019-01-04，15：00
# 我把分鍾數截斷，因為所有數據分鍾數都是00
TIME1=[]
for i in TIME:
# 201901041500
TIME1.append((str.split(str(i)[:10]))[0])
print(TIME1)
['2019120100', '2019120103', '2019120106', '2019120109', '2019120112', '2019120115', '2019120118', '2019120121', '2019120200', '2019120203', '2019120206', '2019120209', '2019120212', '2019120215', '2019120218', '2019120221', '2019120300', '2019120303', '2019120306', '2019120309', '2019120312', '2019120315', '2019120318', '2019120321', '2019120400', '2019120403', '2019120406', '2019120409', '2019120412', '2019120415', '2019120418', '2019120421', '2019120500', '2019120503', '2019120506', '2019120509', '2019120512', '2019120515', '2019120518', '2019120521', '2019120600', '2019120603', '2019120606', '2019120609', '2019120612', '2019120615', '2019120618', '2019120621', '2019120700', '2019120703', '2019120706', '2019120709', '2019120712', '2019120715', '2019120718', '2019120721', '2019120800', '2019120803', '2019120806', '2019120809', '2019120812', '2019120815', '2019120818', '2019120821']
TIME2 =[]
for i in TIME1:
# 2019010415
TIME2.append(datetime.strptime(i,'%Y%m%d%H'))
# # 隔行選取數據
# TIME3 =[]
# for i in range(0,247,2):
# TIME3 .append(TIME2[i])
SPD=noaa['SPD'][:64,]
# print(DIR)
#將英里每小時轉化為米每秒
# 1英里每小時（mile/h）=0.44704米每秒(m/s)
SPD1=[]
for i in SPD:
SPD1.append(i*0.44704)
# print(spd)
# # 隔行選取數據
# SPD2 =[]
# for i in range(0,247,2):
# SPD2 .append(SPD1[i])
plt.figure(figsize=(31,8))
plt.title('NOAA風速與時間的函數') #有標題(風速與風向的函數)
plt.xlabel('時間') #橫坐標的標題
plt.ylabel('風速（m/s）') #縱坐標的標題
plt.grid(color='#95a5a6',linestyle='--',linewidth=3,axis='both',alpha=0.4) #設置網格
plt.plot(TIME2,SPD1,marker='o',c='g')
# plt.xticks(pd.date_range('2019-01-01','2019-01-31'))
# plt.xticks(rotation='vertical')
# plt.xticks(rotation=30)
plt.gcf().autofmt_xdate()
# plt.savefig('NOAA.png') #保存圖片
plt.show()
# TEMP 溫度 華氏度
TEMP=noaa['TEMP'][:64,]
# 將華氏度轉化為攝氏度
# 1攝氏度(℃)=33.8華氏度(℉)
TEMP1=[]
for i in TEMP:
TEMP1.append(i/33.8)
plt.figure(figsize=(31,8))
plt.title('NOAA溫度與時間的函數') #有標題(風速與風向的函數)
plt.xlabel('時間') #橫坐標的標題
plt.ylabel('溫度（℃）') #縱坐標的標題
plt.grid(color='#95a5a6',linestyle='--',linewidth=3,axis='both',alpha=0.4) #設置網格
plt.plot(TIME2,TEMP1,marker='o',c='g')
# plt.xticks(pd.date_range('2019-01-01','2019-01-31'))
# plt.xticks(rotation='vertical')
# plt.xticks(rotation=30)
plt.gcf().autofmt_xdate()
# plt.savefig('NOAA.png') #保存圖片
plt.show()
plt.figure(figsize=(31,8))
plt.title('NOAA溫度與時間的函數') #有標題(風速與風向的函數)
plt.xlabel('時間') #橫坐標的標題
plt.ylabel('溫度（℃）') #縱坐標的標題
plt.grid(color='#95a5a6',linestyle='--',linewidth=3,axis='both',alpha=0.4) #設置網格
plt.plot(TIME2,TEMP1,marker='o',c='g')
# plt.xticks(pd.date_range('2019-01-01','2019-01-31'))
# plt.xticks(rotation='vertical')
# plt.xticks(rotation=30)
plt.gcf().autofmt_xdate()
# plt.savefig('NOAA.png') #保存圖片
plt.show()
# STP 站壓 毫巴
STP=noaa['STP'][:64,]
# 講毫巴轉化成帕
# 1毫巴(mbar)=100帕斯卡(Pa)Pa
STP1=[]
for i in STP:
STP1.append(i*100)
plt.figure(figsize=(31,8))
plt.title('NOAA站壓與時間的函數') #有標題(風速與風向的函數)
plt.xlabel('時間') #橫坐標的標題
plt.ylabel('氣壓（Pa）') #縱坐標的標題
plt.grid(color='#95a5a6',linestyle='--',linewidth=3,axis='both',alpha=0.4) #設置網格
plt.plot(TIME2,STP1,marker='o',c='g')
# plt.xticks(pd.date_range('2019-01-01','2019-01-31'))
# plt.xticks(rotation='vertical')
# plt.xticks(rotation=30)
plt.gcf().autofmt_xdate()
# plt.savefig('NOAA.png') #保存圖片
plt.show()
三、中國氣象網（方正，45.50，128.48，王闊）
china=pd.read_csv("C:\\Users\\zzh\\Desktop\\方正1202-1208.csv")
print(china.head())
Unnamed: 0 Station_Id_C Year Mon Day Hour PRS PRS_Sea PRS_Max \
0 1 50964 2019 12 2 0 998.4 1014.2 998.5
1 2 50964 2019 12 2 1 998.3 1014.1 998.5
2 3 50964 2019 12 2 2 998.5 1014.3 998.6
3 4 50964 2019 12 2 3 997.8 1013.6 998.5
4 5 50964 2019 12 2 4 997.7 1013.5 997.9
PRS_Min ... WIN_S_Avg_2mi WIN_D_Avg_2mi WEP_Now WIN_S_Inst_Max tigan \
0 998.3 ... 3.8 206 0.0 8.0 -12.66
1 998.2 ... 2.9 217 22.0 9.6 -12.96
2 998.2 ... 5.8 200 70.0 11.0 -12.70
3 997.8 ... 4.1 220 0.0 11.3 -11.98
4 997.7 ... 5.4 218 70.0 11.9 -12.68
windpower VIS CLO_Cov CLO_Cov_Low CLO_COV_LM
0 3 7200.0 999999 999999 999999
1 3 10500.0 999999 999999 999999
2 3 11200.0 999999 999999 999999
3 3 16900.0 999999 999999 999999
4 3 5000.0 999999 999999 999999
[5 rows x 30 columns]
china['Year'] = [str(i) for i in china['Year']]
china['Mon'] = [str(i) for i in china['Mon']]
china['Day'] = ['0'+str(i) for i in china['Day']]
china['Hour'] = [str(i) for i in china['Hour']]
# china['time'] = china[['Year', 'Mon','Day','Hour']].apply(lambda x: ''.join(x), axis=1)
china['time'] =china['Year']+china['Mon']+china['Day']+china['Hour']
print(china.head())
Unnamed: 0 Station_Id_C Year Mon Day Hour PRS PRS_Sea PRS_Max \
0 1 50964 2019 12 02 0 998.4 1014.2 998.5
1 2 50964 2019 12 02 1 998.3 1014.1 998.5
2 3 50964 2019 12 02 2 998.5 1014.3 998.6
3 4 50964 2019 12 02 3 997.8 1013.6 998.5
4 5 50964 2019 12 02 4 997.7 1013.5 997.9
PRS_Min ... WIN_D_Avg_2mi WEP_Now WIN_S_Inst_Max tigan windpower \
0 998.3 ... 206 0.0 8.0 -12.66 3
1 998.2 ... 217 22.0 9.6 -12.96 3
2 998.2 ... 200 70.0 11.0 -12.70 3
3 997.8 ... 220 0.0 11.3 -11.98 3
4 997.7 ... 218 70.0 11.9 -12.68 3
VIS CLO_Cov CLO_Cov_Low CLO_COV_LM time
0 7200.0 999999 999999 999999 201912020
1 10500.0 999999 999999 999999 201912021
2 11200.0 999999 999999 999999 201912022
3 16900.0 999999 999999 999999 201912023
4 5000.0 999999 999999 999999 201912024
[5 rows x 31 columns]
china_time=china['time']
print(china_time)
0 201912020
1 201912021
2 201912022
3 201912023
4 201912024
...
163 2019120819
164 2019120820
165 2019120821
166 2019120822
167 2019120823
Name: time, Length: 168, dtype: object
china_time1 =[]
for i in china_time:
# 2019010415
china_time1.append(datetime.strptime(i,'%Y%m%d%H'))
WIN_S_Avg_2mi=china['WIN_S_Avg_2mi']
plt.figure(figsize=(31,8))
plt.title('中國氣象網2分鍾平均風速與時間的函數') #有標題(風速與風向的函數)
plt.xlabel('時間') #橫坐標的標題
plt.ylabel('風速（m/s）') #縱坐標的標題
plt.grid(color='#95a5a6',linestyle='--',linewidth=3,axis='both',alpha=0.4) #設置網格
plt.plot(china_time1,WIN_S_Avg_2mi,marker='o',c='y')
# plt.xticks(pd.date_range('2019-01-01','2019-01-31'))
# plt.xticks(rotation='vertical')
# plt.xticks(rotation=30)
plt.gcf().autofmt_xdate()
# plt.savefig('NOAA.png') #保存圖片
plt.show()
TEM=china['TEM']
# TEM1 = [-i for i in TEM]
plt.figure(figsize=(31,8))
plt.title('中國氣象網溫度與時間的函數') #有標題(風速與風向的函數)
plt.xlabel('時間') #橫坐標的標題
plt.ylabel('溫度（℃）') #縱坐標的標題
plt.grid(color='#95a5a6',linestyle='--',linewidth=3,axis='both',alpha=0.4) #設置網格
plt.plot(china_time1,TEM,marker='o',c='y')
# plt.xticks(pd.date_range('2019-01-01','2019-01-31'))
# plt.xticks(rotation='vertical')
# plt.xticks(rotation=30)
plt.gcf().autofmt_xdate()
# plt.savefig('NOAA.png') #保存圖片
plt.show()
PRS=china['PRS']
# 將百帕轉化成帕
# 1百帕(hpa)=100帕斯卡(Pa)
PRS1=[]
for i in PRS:
PRS1.append(i*100)
plt.figure(figsize=(31,8))
plt.title('中國氣象網氣壓與時間的函數') #有標題(風速與風向的函數)
plt.xlabel('時間') #橫坐標的標題
plt.ylabel('氣壓（Pa）') #縱坐標的標題
plt.grid(color='#95a5a6',linestyle='--',linewidth=3,axis='both',alpha=0.4) #設置網格
plt.plot(china_time1,PRS1,marker='o',c='y')
# plt.xticks(pd.date_range('2019-01-01','2019-01-31'))
# plt.xticks(rotation='vertical')
# plt.xticks(rotation=30)
plt.gcf().autofmt_xdate()
# plt.savefig('NOAA.png') #保存圖片
plt.show()
四、GFS（方正附近，46.0、128.75，梁晨）
from datetime import datetime
import pandas as pd
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np
df1 = pd.read_csv("C:\\Users\\zzh\Desktop\\20191130-1209.csv",header=None)
print(df1[:5])
0 1 2 3 4 5 \
0 2019-12-09 06:00:00 2019-12-09 06:00:00 GUST surface 128.00 45.0
1 2019-12-09 06:00:00 2019-12-09 06:00:00 GUST surface 128.25 45.0
2 2019-12-09 06:00:00 2019-12-09 06:00:00 GUST surface 128.50 45.0
3 2019-12-09 06:00:00 2019-12-09 06:00:00 GUST surface 128.75 45.0
4 2019-12-09 06:00:00 2019-12-09 06:00:00 GUST surface 129.00 45.0
6
0 7.1135
1 2.3135
2 3.2135
3 4.1135
4 3.4135
df1.columns=["time1","time2","WindSpeed","level","longitude","latitude","value"]
print(df1[:5])
time1 time2 WindSpeed level longitude \
0 2019-12-09 06:00:00 2019-12-09 06:00:00 GUST surface 128.00
1 2019-12-09 06:00:00 2019-12-09 06:00:00 GUST surface 128.25
2 2019-12-09 06:00:00 2019-12-09 06:00:00 GUST surface 128.50
3 2019-12-09 06:00:00 2019-12-09 06:00:00 GUST surface 128.75
4 2019-12-09 06:00:00 2019-12-09 06:00:00 GUST surface 129.00
latitude value
0 45.0 7.1135
1 45.0 2.3135
2 45.0 3.2135
3 45.0 4.1135
4 45.0 3.4135
#df2=df1[(df1["longitude"]==128.75)&(df1["latitude"]==46.00)]
df1 =df1.sort_values("time1",inplace=False)
df1 = df1.reset_index(drop=True)
n_time=[]
for i in range(0,df1.iloc[:,0].size):
if (df1["longitude"][i]==128.75)&(df1["latitude"][i]==46.00):
n_time.append(datetime.strptime( df1["time1"][i], "%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S"))
n_gust=[]
for i in range(0,df1.iloc[:,0].size):
if (df1["longitude"][i]==128.75)&(df1["latitude"][i]==46.00):
n_gust.append(df1["value"][i])
plt.figure(figsize=(30,8))
plt.plot(n_time,n_gust,'go-')
plt.title("201903-09 00:00 06:00 12:00 18:00 GUST")
Text(0.5, 1.0, '201903-09 00:00 06:00 12:00 18:00 GUST')
五、對比圖
plt.figure(figsize=(31,8))
plt.title('風速與時間的函數') #有標題(風速與風向的函數)
plt.xlabel('時間') #橫坐標的標題
plt.ylabel('風速（m/s）') #縱坐標的標題
plt.grid(color='#95a5a6',linestyle='--',linewidth=3,axis='both',alpha=0.4) #設置網格
plt.plot(time1,c,marker='o',c='r',label='ECMWF')#ECMWF
plt.plot(TIME2,SPD1,marker='o',c='g',label='NOAA')#NOAA
plt.plot(n_time,n_gust,marker='o',c='b',label='GFS')#GFS
plt.plot(china_time1,WIN_S_Avg_2mi,marker='o',c='y',label='中國氣象網')#中國氣象網
# plt.xticks(pd.date_range('2019-01-01','2019-01-31'))
plt.xticks(rotation='vertical')
# plt.xticks(rotation=30)
# plt.gcf().autofmt_xdate()
plt.legend(loc='best')
plt.gcf().autofmt_xdate()
plt.savefig('風速對比圖') #保存圖片
plt.show()
plt.figure(figsize=(31,8))
plt.title('溫度與時間的函數') #有標題(風速與風向的函數)
plt.xlabel('時間') #橫坐標的標題
plt.ylabel('溫度（℃）') #縱坐標的標題
plt.grid(color='#95a5a6',linestyle='--',linewidth=3,axis='both',alpha=0.4) #設置網格
plt.plot(time1,t2m2,marker='o',c='r',label='ECMWF')#ECMWF
plt.plot(TIME2,TEMP1,marker='o',c='g',label='NOAA')#NOAA
# plt.plot(china_time1,TEM,marker='o',c='y',label='中國氣象網')#中國氣象網
# plt.xticks(pd.date_range('2019-01-01','2019-01-31'))
plt.xticks(rotation='vertical')
# plt.xticks(rotation=30)
# plt.gcf().autofmt_xdate()
plt.legend(loc='best')
plt.gcf().autofmt_xdate()
plt.savefig('溫度對比圖') #保存圖片
plt.show()
plt.figure(figsize=(31,8))
plt.title('氣壓與時間的函數') #有標題(風速與風向的函數)
plt.xlabel('時間') #橫坐標的標題
plt.ylabel('氣壓（Pa）') #縱坐標的標題
plt.grid(color='#95a5a6',linestyle='--',linewidth=3,axis='both',alpha=0.4) #設置網格
plt.plot(time1,e,marker='o',c='r',label='ECMWF')#ECMWF
plt.plot(TIME2,STP1,marker='o',c='g',label='NOAA',)#NOAA
plt.plot(china_time1,PRS1,marker='o',c='y',label='中國氣象網')#中國氣象網
# plt.xticks(pd.date_range('2019-01-01','2019-01-31'))
plt.xticks(rotation='vertical')
# plt.xticks(rotation=30)
# plt.gcf().autofmt_xdate()
plt.legend(loc='best')
plt.gcf().autofmt_xdate()
plt.savefig('氣壓對比圖') #保存圖片
plt.show()
