python爬蟲之BeautifulSoup的HTML解析

本文轉載自查看原文 2020-05-21 22:00 876 python

　　BeautifulSoup是一個用於從HTML和XML文件中提取數據的python庫，它提供一些簡單的函數來處理導航、搜索、修改分析樹等功能。BeautifulSoup能自動將文檔轉換成Unicode編碼，輸出文檔轉換為UTF-8編碼。

　　本例直接創建模擬HTML代碼，進行美化：

# 導入BeautifulSoup庫
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup

# 創建模擬HTML代碼的字符串
html_doc = """
<html><head><title>The Dormouse's story</title></head>
<body>
<p class="title"><b>The Dormouse's story</b></p>

<p class="story">Once upon a time there were three little sisters; and their names were
<a href="http://example.com/elsie" class="sister" id="link1">Elsie</a>,
<a href="http://example.com/lacie" class="sister" id="link2">Lacie</a> and
<a href="http://example.com/tillie" class="sister" id="link3">Tillie</a>;
and they lived at the bottom of a well.</p>

<p class="story">...</p>
"""
# 創建一個BeautifulSoup對象，獲取頁面正文
soup = BeautifulSoup(html_doc, features="lxml")
# 打印解析的HTML代碼
print('經BeautifulSoup美化的代碼：',soup)
print('===================================')
print('通過prettify()方法進行代碼的格式化處理：',soup.prettify())

結果：

經BeautifulSoup美化的代碼： <html><head><title>The Dormouse's story</title></head>
<body>
<p class="title"><b>The Dormouse's story</b></p>
<p class="story">Once upon a time there were three little sisters; and their names were
<a class="sister" href="http://example.com/elsie" id="link1">Elsie</a>,
<a class="sister" href="http://example.com/lacie" id="link2">Lacie</a> and
<a class="sister" href="http://example.com/tillie" id="link3">Tillie</a>;
and they lived at the bottom of a well.</p>
<p class="story">...</p>
</body></html>
===================================
通過prettify()方法進行代碼的格式化處理： <html>
 <head>
  <title>
   The Dormouse's story
  </title>
 </head>
 <body>
  <p class="title">
   <b>
    The Dormouse's story
   </b>
  </p>
  <p class="story">
   Once upon a time there were three little sisters; and their names were
   <a class="sister" href="http://example.com/elsie" id="link1">
    Elsie
   </a>
   ,
   <a class="sister" href="http://example.com/lacie" id="link2">
    Lacie
   </a>
   and
   <a class="sister" href="http://example.com/tillie" id="link3">
    Tillie
   </a>
   ;
and they lived at the bottom of a well.
  </p>
  <p class="story">
   ...
  </p>
 </body>
</html>

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