MariaDB安裝與配置
這里選用的是mariadb 10.1 對應 mysql 5.7版本
一、配置安裝源
1、編輯以下文件
vim /etc/yum.repos.d/Mariadb.repo
2、將以下內容放置在上面文件中
# MariaDB 10.1 CentOS repository list - created 2016-12-01 03:36 UTC
# http://downloads.mariadb.org/mariadb/repositories/
[mariadb]
name = MariaDB
baseurl = http://yum.mariadb.org/10.1/centos7-amd64
gpgkey=https://yum.mariadb.org/RPM-GPG-KEY-MariaDB
gpgcheck=1
二、安裝與啟動
1、安裝
可能下載的速度有點慢
yum install -y MariaDB-server MariaDB-client
2、啟動服務
systemctl start mariadb
systemctl enable mariadb
3、配置（本人的機器拒絕這玩意，而是直接使用的默認的密碼,直接跳轉到第三步）
mysql_secure_installation
具體設置
#由於一開始安裝MariaDB數據庫后, root用戶默認密碼為空, 所以只需要按Enter鍵
Enter current password for root (enter for none):
#是否設置root用戶的新密碼
Set root password? [Y/n] y
#錄入新密碼
New password:
#確認新密碼
Re-enter new password:
#是否刪除匿名用戶,生產環境建議刪除
Remove anonymous users? [Y/n] y
#是否禁止root遠程登錄,根據自己的需求選擇
Disallow root login remotely? [Y/n] n
#是否刪除test數據庫
Remove test database and access to it? [Y/n] y
#是否重新加載權限表
Reload privilege tables now? [Y/n] y
3、讓防火牆放行3306端口
firewall-cmd --add-port=3306/tcp --permanent
firewall-cmd --reload
4、修改密碼
本人機器安裝完之后默認使用的是
root密碼
# 進入mysql表
use mysql
update user set password=password('newpassword') where user='root';
flush privileges;
# 不進入mysql表
SET password for 'root'@'localhost'=password('newpassword');
# 或者使用 mysqladmin修改
msyqladmin -uroot -poldpassword password newpassword
5、修改遠程登錄權限
# 首先進入 mysql
mysql -u root -p
# 輸入你的密碼
# 添加權限
Grant all on *.* to 'root'@'%' identified by 'root用戶的密碼' with grant option;
#重新載入
flush privileges;
mysql賦權操作：
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON . TO ‘root’@’%’ IDENTIFIED BY ‘123456’ WITH GRANT OPTION;
flush privileges;
- GRANT：賦權命令
- ALL PRIVILEGES：當前用戶的所有權限
- ON：介詞
- *.*：當前用戶對所有數據庫和表的相應操作權限
- TO：介詞
- ’root’@’%’：權限賦給root用戶，所有ip都能連接
- IDENTIFIED BY ‘123456’：連接時輸入密碼，密碼為123456
- WITH GRANT OPTION：允許級聯賦權
三、修改相關配置
1、查看默認的字符集編碼
show variables like 'character%';
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| character_set_client | utf8 |
| character_set_connection | utf8 |
| character_set_database | latin1 |
| character_set_filesystem | binary |
| character_set_results | utf8 |
| character_set_server | latin1 |
| character_set_system | utf8 |
| character_sets_dir | /usr/share/mysql/charsets/ |
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
8 rows in set (0.00 sec)
2、修改配置文件
①、修改服務器字符集編碼
這里沒有采用使用語句進行修改，也希望對配置文件的操作也多多增加
vim /etc/my.cnf.d/server.cnf
[mysqld]
default-storage-engine = innodb
innodb_file_per_table
max_connections = 4096
collation-server = utf8_general_ci
character-set-server = utf8
②、修改客戶端字符集編碼
vim /etc/my.cnf.d/client.cnf
[client]
default-character-set=utf8
③、重啟 MariaDB
systemctl restart mariadb
④、重新登錄並驗證字符集編碼
show variables like 'character%';
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| character_set_client | utf8 |
| character_set_connection | utf8 |
| character_set_database | utf8 |
| character_set_filesystem | binary |
| character_set_results | utf8 |
| character_set_server | utf8 |
| character_set_system | utf8 |
| character_sets_dir | /usr/share/mysql/charsets/ |
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
8 rows in set (0.00 sec)
ok,修改成功
3、針對已經存在的庫修改其字符集編碼
修改已存在的庫字符集為utf8mb4
# 修改庫：
ALTER DATABASE database_name CHARACTER SET = utf8mb4 COLLATE = utf8mb4_unicode_ci;
# 修改表:
ALTER TABLE table_name CONVERT TO CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 COLLATE utf8mb4_unicode_ci;
# 修改一列:
ALTER TABLE table_name CHANGE column_name column_name VARCHAR(191) CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 COLLATE utf8mb4_unicode_ci;
4、設置最大連接數
set global max_connections = 300;