利用TcpClient，簡單的tcp消息收發

TcpClient和以前學過的對象，相對關系示意圖如下：

 

借助有連接的特性，它封裝了很多需要一起使用的對象，用起來也更加方便。

作為服務端時，它一般配合TcpListener使用。

由監聽者創建的所有客戶端，都使用與監聽者相同的ipendpoint。（實現上，可以理解為不同的socket指向相同的ipendpoint）

例：

說明：服務端有一個監聽者（TcpListener），接收到連接請求后，建立連接給一個客戶端（TcpClient）。

利用流讀取器（StreamReader）獲取傳遞過來的信息並顯示。

客戶端建立一個客戶端對象（TcpClient），連接服務端后就可以利用流寫入對象（StreamWriter）發送數據。

代碼如下：

服務端：

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Net;
using System.Net.Sockets;
using System.IO;

namespace ConsoleApp1
{
    class Program
    {
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            TcpListener listener = new TcpListener(IPAddress.Any, 9000);
            TcpClient client = new TcpClient();
            StreamReader sr;
            string msg;
            listener.Start();
            client = listener.AcceptTcpClient();
            sr = new StreamReader(client.GetStream());
            do
            {
                msg = sr.ReadLine();
                Console.WriteLine(msg);
            } while (msg.ToLower()!="exit");
        }
    }
}

客戶端：

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Net;
using System.Net.Sockets;
using System.IO;

namespace ConsoleApp2
{
    class Program
    {
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            TcpClient tcp = new TcpClient();
            string msg;
            IPEndPoint iPEndPoint = new IPEndPoint(IPAddress.Parse("127.0.0.1"), 9000);
            tcp.Connect(iPEndPoint);
            StreamWriter sw = new StreamWriter(tcp.GetStream());
            do
            {
                msg = Console.ReadLine();
                sw.WriteLine(msg);
                sw.Flush();
            } while (msg.ToLower()!="exit");
        }
    }
}

運行效果：

 

---

在此基礎智商，兩邊互相收發，也很簡單。

服務端代碼：

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Net;
using System.Net.Sockets;
using System.IO;

namespace ConsoleApp1
{
    class Program
    {
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            TcpListener listener = new TcpListener(IPAddress.Any, 9000);
            TcpClient client;
            StreamReader reader;
            StreamWriter writer;
            string msg;
            listener.Start();
            client= listener.AcceptTcpClient();
            reader = new StreamReader(client.GetStream());
            writer = new StreamWriter(client.GetStream());
            do
            {
                Console.WriteLine("等待接收數據：");
                msg=reader.ReadLine();
                Console.WriteLine(msg);
                Console.WriteLine("等待發送數據：");
                msg = Console.ReadLine();
                writer.WriteLine(msg);
                writer.Flush();
            } while (msg.ToLower()!="exit");
        }
    }
}

客戶端：

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Net;
using System.Net.Sockets;
using System.IO;

namespace ConsoleApp2
{
    class Program
    {
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            TcpClient client=new TcpClient();
            StreamReader reader;
            StreamWriter writer;
            string msg;
            client.Connect(IPAddress.Parse("127.0.0.1"),9000);
            reader = new StreamReader(client.GetStream());
            writer = new StreamWriter(client.GetStream());
            do
            {
                Console.WriteLine("等待發送數據：");
                msg = Console.ReadLine();
                writer.WriteLine(msg);
                writer.Flush();
                Console.WriteLine("等待接收數據：");
                msg = reader.ReadLine();
                Console.WriteLine(msg);

            } while (msg.ToLower() != "exit");
        }
    }
}

運行效果：

 

---

當啟用另外一個單獨的線程去接收數據的時候，發送和接收就可以互不干擾了。

服務端：

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Net;
using System.Net.Sockets;
using System.IO;

namespace ConsoleApp1
{
    class Program
    {
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            TcpListener listener = new TcpListener(IPAddress.Any, 9000);
            TcpClient client;
            StreamWriter writer;
            string msg;
            listener.Start();
            client= listener.AcceptTcpClient();
            Task t = new Task(getMessage, client);
            t.Start();
            writer = new StreamWriter(client.GetStream());
            do
            {
                Console.WriteLine("等待發送數據：");
                msg = Console.ReadLine();
                writer.WriteLine(msg);
                writer.Flush();
            } while (msg.ToLower()!="exit");
        }
        static void getMessage(object tcp)
        {
            StreamReader reader;
            TcpClient client = (TcpClient)tcp;
            reader = new StreamReader(client.GetStream());
            string msg;
            do
            {
                Console.WriteLine("等待接收數據：");
                msg = reader.ReadLine();
                Console.WriteLine(msg);
            } while (msg.ToLower() != "exit");
        }
    }
}

客戶端：

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Net;
using System.Net.Sockets;
using System.IO;

namespace ConsoleApp1
{
    class Program
    {
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            TcpClient client=new TcpClient();
            StreamWriter writer;
            string msg;
            client.Connect(IPAddress.Parse("127.0.0.1"), 9000);
            Task t = new Task(getMessage, client);
            t.Start();
            writer = new StreamWriter(client.GetStream());
            do
            {
                Console.WriteLine("等待發送數據：");
                msg = Console.ReadLine();
                writer.WriteLine(msg);
                writer.Flush();
            } while (msg.ToLower() != "exit");
        }
        static void getMessage(object tcp)
        {
            StreamReader reader;
            TcpClient client = (TcpClient)tcp;
            reader = new StreamReader(client.GetStream());
            string msg;
            do
            {
                Console.WriteLine("等待接收數據：");
                msg = reader.ReadLine();
                Console.WriteLine(msg);
            } while (msg.ToLower() != "exit");
        }
    }
}

運行結果：

 

 

---

思考：重復監聽，連接多客戶端。在任意接收線程收到消息后，向各客戶端群發消息。即構建聊天室程序。

提示：多客戶端可以存在List里面。