SSM整合（圖書管理系統）

本文轉載自查看原文 2020-05-17 20:37 3422 SSM

環境：

IDEA
MySQL
Tomcat
Maven

數據庫環境

CREATE DATABASE `ssmbuild`;

USE `ssmbuild`;

DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `books`;

CREATE TABLE `books` (
`bookID` INT(10) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT '書id',
`bookName` VARCHAR(100) NOT NULL COMMENT '書名',
`bookCounts` INT(11) NOT NULL COMMENT '數量',
`detail` VARCHAR(200) NOT NULL COMMENT '描述',
KEY `bookID` (`bookID`)
) ENGINE=INNODB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8

INSERT  INTO `books`(`bookID`,`bookName`,`bookCounts`,`detail`)VALUES
(1,'Java',1,'從入門到放棄'),
(2,'MySQL',10,'從刪庫到跑路'),
(3,'Linux',5,'從進門到進牢');

基本環境搭建

創建Maven項目，添加web的支持
導入相關的pom依賴

<dependencies>
   <!--Junit-->
   <dependency>
       <groupId>junit</groupId>
       <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
       <version>4.12</version>
   </dependency>
   <!--數據庫驅動-->
   <dependency>
       <groupId>mysql</groupId>
       <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
       <version>5.1.47</version>
   </dependency>
   <!-- 數據庫連接池 -->
   <dependency>
       <groupId>com.mchange</groupId>
       <artifactId>c3p0</artifactId>
       <version>0.9.5.2</version>
   </dependency>

   <!--Servlet - JSP -->
   <dependency>
       <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
       <artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId>
       <version>2.5</version>
   </dependency>
   <dependency>
       <groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId>
       <artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId>
       <version>2.2</version>
   </dependency>
   <dependency>
       <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
       <artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
       <version>1.2</version>
   </dependency>

   <!--Mybatis-->
   <dependency>
       <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
       <artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
       <version>3.5.2</version>
   </dependency>
   <dependency>
       <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
       <artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId>
       <version>2.0.2</version>
   </dependency>

   <!--Spring-->
   <dependency>
       <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
       <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
       <version>5.1.9.RELEASE</version>
   </dependency>
   <dependency>
       <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
       <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
       <version>5.1.9.RELEASE</version>
   </dependency>
</dependencies>

Maven資源過濾設置

<build>
   <resources>
       <resource>
           <directory>src/main/java</directory>
           <includes>
               <include>**/*.properties</include>
               <include>**/*.xml</include>
           </includes>
           <filtering>false</filtering>
       </resource>
       <resource>
           <directory>src/main/resources</directory>
           <includes>
               <include>**/*.properties</include>
               <include>**/*.xml</include>
           </includes>
           <filtering>false</filtering>
       </resource>
   </resources>
</build>

建立基本結構和配置框架

mybatis-config.xml(關於mybatis的)

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration
       PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
       "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<configuration>

</configuration>

applicationContext.xml（關於spring的）

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
      xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
      xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">

</beans>

Mybatis層

數據庫配置文件 database.properties

（如果使用的是SQL8.0+，需要添加一個時區的配置）

jdbc.driver=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
jdbc.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/ssmbuild?useSSL=true&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf8
jdbc.username=root
jdbc.password=123

IDEA關聯數據庫

mybatis-config.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<configuration>
<!--    配置數據源，交給spring去做-->
    <typeAliases>
        <package name="com.wen.pojo"/>
    </typeAliases>

    <mappers>
        <mapper class="com.wen.dao.BookMapper"/>
    </mappers>

</configuration>

Books.java (使用了Lombok插件)

使用Lombok插件之前，要在pom.xml里添加Lombok依賴

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
    <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
    <version>1.18.12</version>
</dependency>

package com.wen.pojo;

import lombok.AllArgsConstructor;
import lombok.Data;
import lombok.NoArgsConstructor;

@Data
@AllArgsConstructor
@NoArgsConstructor
public class Books {
    private int bookID;
    private String bookName;
    private int bookCounts;
    private String detail;
}

BookMapper接口

package com.wen.dao;

import com.wen.pojo.Books;

import java.util.List;

public interface BookMapper {
    //增加一本書
    int addBook(Books book);
    //刪除一本書
    int deleteBookById(int id);
    //更新一本書
    int updateBook(Books book);
    //查詢一本書
    Books queryBookById(int id);
    //查詢所有的書
    List<Books> queryAllBook();
}

BookMapper.xml (需要導入Mybatis的包)

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.wen.dao.BookMapper">

    <insert id="addBook" parameterType="Books">
        insert into ssmbuild.books (bookName, bookCounts, detail)
        values (#{bookName},#{bookCounts},#{detail});
    </insert>
    <delete id="deleteBookById" parameterType="int">
        delete from ssmbuild.books where bookID = #{bookId}
    </delete>
    <update id="updateBook" parameterType="Books">
        update ssmbuild.books
        set bookName = #{bookName},
        bookCounts = #{bookCounts},
        detail = #{detail}
        where bookID = #{bookID};
    </update>
    <select id="queryBookById" resultType="Books">
        select * from ssmbuild.books where bookID = #{bookId};
    </select>
    <select id="queryAllBook" resultType="Books">
        select * from ssmbuild.books;
    </select>

</mapper>

寫完后要記得直接在Mybatis-config.xml里綁定：

<mappers>
     <mapper class="com.wen.dao.BookMapper"/>
</mappers>

解釋一下知識點：

resultType 與 parameterType的區別：

parameterType：指定輸入參數類型。

resultType：指定輸出結果類型，mybatis將sql查詢結果的一行記錄數據映射為resultType指定類型的對象。
上述代碼一些對應的關系：

BookService接口

package com.wen.service;

import com.wen.pojo.Books;
import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Param;

import java.util.List;

public interface BookService {
    //增加一本書
    int addBook(Books book);
    //刪除一本書
    int deleteBookById(int id);
    //更新一本書
    int updateBook(Books book);
    //查詢一本書
    Books queryBookById(int id);
    //查詢所有的書
    List<Books> queryAllBook();
}

實現類：BookServiceImpl.java

package com.wen.service;

import com.wen.dao.BookMapper;
import com.wen.pojo.Books;

import java.util.List;

public class BookServiceImpl implements BookService {
    //調用dao層的操作，設置一個set接口，方便Spring管理
    private BookMapper bookMapper;

    public void setBookMapper(BookMapper bookMapper) {
        this.bookMapper = bookMapper;
    }

    public int addBook(Books book) {
        return bookMapper.addBook(book);
    }

    public int deleteBookById(int id) {
        return bookMapper.deleteBookById(id);
    }

    public int updateBook(Books book) {
        return bookMapper.updateBook(book);
    }

    public Books queryBookById(int id) {
        return bookMapper.queryBookById(id);
    }

    public List<Books> queryAllBook() {
        return bookMapper.queryAllBook();
    }
}

Spring層

spring-dao.xml (Spring整合Mybatis，我們這里數據源使用的是c3p0連接池)

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">

    <!-- 配置整合mybatis -->
    <!-- 1.關聯數據庫文件 -->
    <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:database.properties"/>

    <!-- 2.數據庫連接池 -->
    <!--數據庫連接池
        dbcp 半自動化操作 不能自動連接
        c3p0 自動化操作（自動的加載配置文件 並且設置到對象里面）
    -->
    <bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource">
        <!-- 配置連接池屬性 -->
        <property name="driverClass" value="${jdbc.driver}"/>
        <property name="jdbcUrl" value="${jdbc.url}"/>
        <property name="user" value="${jdbc.username}"/>
        <property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"/>

        <!-- c3p0連接池的私有屬性 -->
        <property name="maxPoolSize" value="30"/>
        <property name="minPoolSize" value="10"/>
        <!-- 關閉連接后不自動commit -->
        <property name="autoCommitOnClose" value="false"/>
        <!-- 獲取連接超時時間 -->
        <property name="checkoutTimeout" value="10000"/>
        <!-- 當獲取連接失敗重試次數 -->
        <property name="acquireRetryAttempts" value="2"/>
    </bean>

    <!-- 3.配置SqlSessionFactory對象 -->
    <bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean">
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
        <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:mybatis-config.xml"/>
    </bean>

    <!-- 4.配置掃描Dao接口包，動態實現Dao接口注入到spring容器中 -->
    <bean class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer">
        <!-- 注入sqlSessionFactory -->
        <property name="sqlSessionFactoryBeanName" value="sqlSessionFactory"/>
        <!-- 給出需要掃描Dao接口包 -->
        <property name="basePackage" value="com.wen.dao"/>
    </bean>

</beans>

spring-service.xml (spring整合service)

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">

    <!-- 掃描service下的包 -->
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.wen.service"/>

    <!--BookServiceImpl注入到IOC容器中，將所有的業務類注入到spring，可以通過配置或注解實現，這里是通過配置實現的-->
    <bean id="BookServiceImpl" class="com.wen.service.BookServiceImpl">
        <property name="bookMapper" ref="bookMapper"/>
    </bean>

    <!-- 配置事務管理器 -->
    <bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">
        <!-- 注入數據源 -->
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
    </bean>

</beans>

BookServiceImpl注入到IOC容器中時，想要通過注解實現如下圖：（添加這兩個注解即可）

SpringMVC層

首先要增加web支持！

添加之后就會出現如下的這些東西：

web.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_4_0.xsd"
         version="4.0">

    <!--DispatcherServlet-->
    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>DispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
            <param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml</param-value>
        </init-param>
        <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
    </servlet>
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>DispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>

    <!--亂碼過濾encodingFilter-->
    <filter>
        <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
        <filter-class>
            org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter
        </filter-class>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>encoding</param-name>
            <param-value>utf-8</param-value>
        </init-param>
    </filter>
    <filter-mapping>
        <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
        <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
    </filter-mapping>

    <!--Session過期時間-->
    <session-config>
        <session-timeout>15</session-timeout>
    </session-config>

</web-app>

sping-mvc.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc https://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">

    <!-- 配置SpringMVC -->
    <!-- 1.開啟SpringMVC注解驅動 -->
    <mvc:annotation-driven/>
    <!-- 2.靜態資源默認servlet配置-->
    <mvc:default-servlet-handler/>

    <!-- 3.配置jsp 顯示ViewResolver視圖解析器 -->
    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
        <property name="viewClass" value="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView"/>
        <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/"/>
        <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>
    </bean>

    <!-- 4.掃描web相關的bean -->
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.wen.controller"/>

</beans>

寫完上面的代碼之后，在WEB-INF包下創建一個jsp包。

最后spring整合一下配置文件，applicationContext.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
    
    <import resource="spring-dao.xml"/>
    <import resource="spring-service.xml"/>
    <import resource="spring-mvc.xml"/>

</beans>

配置結束！！！！！！！！

Controller 和視圖層編寫

BookController.java

package com.wen.controller;

import com.sun.org.apache.xpath.internal.operations.Mod;
import com.wen.pojo.Books;
import com.wen.service.BookService;
import com.wen.service.BookServiceImpl;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Qualifier;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.Model;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;

import java.awt.print.Book;
import java.util.List;

@Controller
@RequestMapping("/book")
public class BookController {
    //controller調service層
    @Autowired
    @Qualifier("BookServiceImpl")
    private BookService bookService;

    //查詢全部書籍，並返回一個書籍展示頁面
    @RequestMapping("/allBook")
    public String list(Model model){
        List<Books> list = bookService.queryAllBook();
        model.addAttribute("list",list);
        return "allBook";
    }

    //跳轉到新增書籍頁面
    @RequestMapping("/toAddBook")
    public String toAddPaper(){
        return "addBook";
    }

    //新增書籍的請求
    @RequestMapping("/addBook")
    public String addPaper(Books books){
        bookService.addBook(books);
        return "redirect:/book/allBook";
    }

    //跳轉到修改頁面
    @RequestMapping("/toUpdate")
    public  String toUpdatePage(int id,Model model){
        Books books = bookService.queryBookById(id);
        model.addAttribute("QBook",books);
        return "updateBook";
    }

    //修改書籍
    @RequestMapping("/updateBook")
    public String updateBook(Books books){
        int i = bookService.updateBook(books);
        if (i>0){
            System.out.println("添加成功=>"+books);
        }
        return "redirect:/book/allBook";
    }

    //刪除書籍
    @RequestMapping("/deleteBook")
    public String deleteBook(int id){
        bookService.deleteBookById(id);
        return "redirect:/book/allBook";
    }
}

index.jsp

<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
  <head>
    <title>首頁</title>
  </head>
  <body>
    <h3>
      <a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/allBook">進入書籍頁面</a>
    </h3>
  </body>
</html>

allBook.jsp

<%@ taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" %>
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
    <title>書籍展示</title>
    <!-- 引入 Bootstrap -->
    <link href="https://cdn.bootcss.com/bootstrap/3.3.7/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet">
</head>
<body>
    <div class="container">
        <div class="row clearfix">
            <div class="col-md-12 column">
                <div class="page-header">
                    <h1>書籍列表————顯示所有書籍</h1>
                </div>
            </div>
        </div>

        <div class="row">
            <div class="col-md-4 column">
                <a class="btn btn-primary" href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/toAddBook">新增書籍</a>
            </div>
        </div>

        <div class="row clearfix">
            <div class="col-md-12 column">
                <table class="table table-hover table-striped">
                    <thead>
                        <tr>
                            <th>書籍編號</th>
                            <th>書籍名稱</th>
                            <th>書籍數量</th>
                            <th>書籍詳情</th>
                            <th>操作</th>
                        </tr>
                    </thead>
                    <tbody>
                    <c:forEach var="book" items="${list}">
                        <tr>
                            <td>${book.bookID}</td>
                            <td>${book.bookName}</td>
                            <td>${book.bookCounts}</td>
                            <td>${book.detail}</td>
                            <td>
                                <a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/toUpdate?id=${book.bookID}">修改</a>
                                &nbsp; | &nbsp;
                                <a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/deleteBook?id=${book.bookID}">刪除</a>
                            </td>
                        </tr>
                    </c:forEach>
                    </tbody>
                </table>
            </div>
        </div>


    </div>
</body>
</html>

addBook.jsp

<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
    <title>新增書籍</title>
    <!-- 引入 Bootstrap -->
    <link href="https://cdn.bootcss.com/bootstrap/3.3.7/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet">
</head>
<body>
<div class="container">
    <div class="row clearfix">
        <div class="col-md-12 column">
            <div class="page-header">
                <h1>
                    <small>新增書籍</small>
                </h1>
            </div>
        </div>
    </div>
<form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/addBook" method="post">
    <div class="form-group">
        <label>書籍名稱</label>
        <input type="text" name="bookName" class="form-control" required>
    </div>
    <div class="form-group">
        <label>書籍數量</label>
        <input type="text" name="bookCounts" class="form-control" required>
    </div>
    <div class="form-group">
        <label>書籍描述</label>
        <input type="text" name="detail" class="form-control" required>
    </div>
    <div class="form-group">
        <input type="submit" class="form-control" value="添加">
    </div>

</form>
</div>
</body>
</html>

updateBook.jsp

<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
    <title>修改書籍</title>
    <!-- 引入 Bootstrap -->
    <link href="https://cdn.bootcss.com/bootstrap/3.3.7/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet">
</head>
<body>
<div class="container">
    <div class="row clearfix">
        <div class="col-md-12 column">
            <div class="page-header">
                <h1>
                    <small>修改書籍</small>
                </h1>
            </div>
        </div>
    </div>
    <form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/updateBook" method="post">
        <%--前端傳遞隱藏域。沒有這個的話，會修改失敗！--%>
        <input type="hidden" name="bookID" value="${QBook.bookID}">
        <div class="form-group">
            <label>書籍名稱</label>
            <input type="text" name="bookName" class="form-control" value="${QBook.bookName}" required>
        </div>
        <div class="form-group">
            <label>書籍數量</label>
            <input type="text" name="bookCounts" class="form-control" value="${QBook.bookCounts}" required>
        </div>
        <div class="form-group">
            <label>書籍描述</label>
            <input type="text" name="detail" class="form-control" value="${QBook.detail}" required>
        </div>
        <div class="form-group">
            <input type="submit" class="form-control" value="修改">
        </div>

    </form>
</div>
</body>
</html>

項目結構圖

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