步驟
理解web應用流程
1、創建一個Javaweb ssm(maven)項目
2、導入依賴
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>com.system</groupId>
<artifactId>Examination</artifactId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<packaging>war</packaging>
<name>Examination Maven Webapp</name>
<!-- FIXME change it to the project's website -->
<url>http://www.example.com</url>
<properties>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
<maven.compiler.source>1.7</maven.compiler.source>
<maven.compiler.target>1.7</maven.compiler.target>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>4.11</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<!--servletAPI -->
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
<version>3.1.0</version>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId>
<version>2.0</version>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
<!--shiro依賴 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.shiro</groupId>
<artifactId>shiro-core</artifactId>
<version>1.2.3</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.shiro</groupId>
<artifactId>shiro-web</artifactId>
<version>1.2.3</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.shiro</groupId>
<artifactId>shiro-spring</artifactId>
<version>1.2.3</version>
</dependency>
<!--spring -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
<version>4.3.8.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<!--springWEB -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
<version>4.3.8.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<!--springMVC -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
<version>4.3.7.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<!--spring tx 事務處理 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId>
<version>4.3.8.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<!--spring aop -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId>
<version>4.3.9.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.aspectj</groupId>
<artifactId>aspectjweaver</artifactId>
<version>1.8.10</version>
</dependency>
<!--spring-jdbc -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
<version>4.2.5.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<!--jstl -->
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
<version>1.2</version>
</dependency>
<!--log4j -->
<dependency>
<groupId>log4j</groupId>
<artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
<version>1.2.17</version>
</dependency>
<!--mybatis -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
<version>3.4.1</version>
</dependency>
<!--mybatis逆向工程 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis.generator</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis-generator-core</artifactId>
<version>1.3.5</version>
</dependency>
<!--mybatis spring整合包 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId>
<version>1.3.0</version>
</dependency>
<!--hibernate 數據校驗器包 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
<artifactId>hibernate-validator</artifactId>
<version>5.4.1.Final</version>
</dependency>
<!--c3p0鏈接池 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.mchange</groupId>
<artifactId>c3p0</artifactId>
<version>0.9.5.2</version>
</dependency>
<!--Mysql數據庫驅動 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<version>5.1.41</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.jetbrains</groupId>
<artifactId>annotations-java5</artifactId>
<version>RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<finalName>Examination</finalName>
<!--在IDEA中maven 默認編譯的時候 只搬運src/main/java里面的java文件到target/classes,其他文件會被忽略 -->
<!--這時，我們Mybatis的Mapper.xml文件就不能被加載進去，也就是不能映射成功 -->
<!--下面配置就能解決這個問題 -->
<resources>
<resource>
<directory>src/main/java</directory>
<includes>
<include>**/*.xml</include>
</includes>
</resource>
</resources>
<pluginManagement><!-- lock down plugins versions to avoid using Maven defaults (may be moved to parent pom) -->
<plugins>
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-clean-plugin</artifactId>
<version>3.1.0</version>
</plugin>
<!-- see http://maven.apache.org/ref/current/maven-core/default-bindings.html#Plugin_bindings_for_war_packaging -->
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-resources-plugin</artifactId>
<version>3.0.2</version>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
<version>3.8.0</version>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.22.1</version>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-war-plugin</artifactId>
<version>3.2.2</version>
</plugin>xml
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-install-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.5.2</version>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-deploy-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.8.2</version>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</pluginManagement>
</build>
</project>
3、配置web.xml
-
加載spring容器
-
配置springmvc前端控制器
-
字符編碼過濾器
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_1.xsd" version="3.1"> <display-name>Archetype Created Web Application</display-name> <!--加載spring容器--> <context-param> <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name> <param-value>classpath:/spring/applicationContext-*.xml</param-value> </context-param> <!--配置springmvc前端控制器--> <servlet> <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name> <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class> <!--contextConfigLocation配置SpringMVC加載的配置文件（配置處理器，映射器等等） 如果不配置contextConfigLocation，默認加載的是：/WEB-INF/servlet名稱-servlet.xml(springmvc-servlet.xml) --> <init-param> <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name> <param-value>classpath:spring/springmvc.xml</param-value> </init-param> </servlet> <servlet-mapping> <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name> <url-pattern>/</url-pattern> </servlet-mapping> <!--亂碼過濾器--> <filter> <filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name> <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class> </filter> <filter-mapping> <filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name> <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern> </filter-mapping> <welcome-file-list> <welcome-file>login.jsp</welcome-file> </welcome-file-list> </web-app>
4、資源文件
4.1 db.properties
jdbc.driver=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
jdbc.url=jdbc:mysql://locahost:3306/examination
jdbc.username=root
jdbc.password=0000
4.2 applicationContext-dao.xml
- 加載外部配置文件
- 配置數據源
- 配置SqlSessionFactory
- Mapper批量掃描
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd">
<!--加載數據庫配置文件-->
<context:property-placeholder location="classpath:db.properties"></context:property-placeholder>
<!--配置數據源 c3p0l連接池-->
<bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource">
<property name="driverClass" value="${jdbc.driver}"></property>
<property name="jdbcUrl" value="${jdbc.url}"></property>
<property name="user" value="${jdbc.username}"></property>
<property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"></property>
</bean>
<!--配置SqlSessionFactory-->
<bean id="sessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean">
<!--加載mybatis配置文件-->
<property name="configLocation" value="classpath:mybatis/mybatis.cfg.xml"></property>
<!--加載數據源-->
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"></property>
</bean>
<!--Mapper批量掃描，從Mapper包掃描接口，自動創建代理對象，並在Spring容器中自動注冊
使用 Mybatis與Spring整合包的這個 Mapper 掃描器后， Mybatis 配置文件里的掃描器，就可以取消掉了
遵循的規范 不變
自動掃描出來的Mapper的bean的id為Mapper類名（首字母小寫）
-->
<bean class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer">
<!--如果需要掃描多個包下的mapper,每個包中間使用半角逗號分開-->
<property name="basePackage" value="com.system.mapper"></property>
<property name="sqlSessionFactoryBeanName" value="sessionFactory"></property>
</bean>
</beans>
4.3 springmvc.xml
- 加載靜態資源
- 開啟注解掃描
- 組件掃描
- 視圖解析器
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd">
<!--靜態資源解析包括 ：js、css、img、.. -->
<!-- <mvc:resources mapping="/js/" location="/js/**" />
<mvc:resources mapping="/css/" location="/css/**" />
<mvc:resources mapping="/fonts/" location="/fonts/**" />
<mvc:resources mapping="/images/" location="/images/**"/> -->
<!--加載靜態資源 -->
<mvc:default-servlet-handler />
<!--<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<開啟注解方式：配置>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> -->
<!--使用annotation-driven 注解驅動，就可以代替 注解映射器 和 注解適配器 的配置 -->
<!--conversion-service 向處理器適配器中注入【自定義的參數綁定組件】。 -->
<!--validator 向處理器適配器，注入 校驗器 -->
<mvc:annotation-driven conversion-service="conversionService">
</mvc:annotation-driven>
<!--自定義參數綁定組件 -->
<!-- <bean id="conversionService"
class="org.springframework.format.support.FormattingConversionServiceFactoryBean">
<!– 轉換器 –>
<property name="converters">
<set>
<!– 日期類型轉換 –>
<bean class="com.system.controller.converter.CustomDateConverter" />
</set>
</property>
</bean>-->
<!--組件掃描，可以掃描 controller、Service、... 並注冊添加到 spring 容器中 這里掃描 controller，指定controller的包 -->
<context:component-scan base-package="com.system.controller" />
<!--全局錯誤信息處理器 只要實現HandlerExceptionResolver接口就是全局異常處理器 -->
<!-- <bean class="com.system.exception.CustomExceptionResolver" />-->
<!--視圖解析器 -->
<!-- 需要配置解析jsp的視圖解析器 jsp解析，默認使用jstl標簽解析 -->
<bean
class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
<!--拼接視圖地址的前綴和后綴 -->
<property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/" />
<property name="suffix" value=".jsp" />
</bean>
</beans>