MySQL 8.0
centos7.5 x86_64
一、yum安裝
1.先卸載機器和mysql有關的東西，有的安裝了mariab-lib，會對安裝有干擾，卸載了它。
[root@localhost ~]# rpm -qa | grep mariadb mariadb-libs-5.5.60-1.el7_5.x86_64
2.卸載命令
yum erase -y mariadb-libs-5.5.60-1.el7_5.x86_64
二.安裝mysql 8.0 社區版yum倉庫
1.官方網站
2.下載倉庫包
wget https://repo.mysql.com//mysql80-community-release-el7-1.noarch.rpm
3.安裝倉庫
rpm -ivh mysql80-community-release-el7-1.noarch.rpm
4.安裝mysql 8.0版
yum install -y mysql-community-{server,client,common,libs}-*
5.啟動mysql 8.0
systemctl start mysqld
systemctl enable mysqld
6.查看日志，找到臨時密碼，這里還一個問題，日志這個時間不正確，與本地差好幾個小時呢 ，這個在安裝完了，再調下。
[root@localhost ~]# tailf /var/log/mysqld.log 2019-01-12T13:59:34.558708Z 0 [System] [MY-013169] [Server] /usr/sbin/mysqld (mysqld 8.0.13) initializing of server in progress as process 7038 2019-01-12T13:59:36.873412Z 5 [Note] [MY-010454] [Server] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: :ZSytWyMp6Q> 2019-01-12T13:59:38.113827Z 0 [System] [MY-013170] [Server] /usr/sbin/mysqld (mysqld 8.0.13) initializing of server has completed 2019-01-12T13:59:39.798256Z 0 [System] [MY-010116] [Server] /usr/sbin/mysqld (mysqld 8.0.13) starting as process 7085 2019-01-12T13:59:40.949981Z 0 [Warning] [MY-010068] [Server] CA certificate ca.pem is self signed. 2019-01-12T13:59:41.019836Z 0 [System] [MY-010931] [Server] /usr/sbin/mysqld: ready for connections. Version: '8.0.13' socket: '/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock' port: 3306 MySQL Community Server - GPL. 2019-01-12T13:59:41.190008Z 0 [System] [MY-011323] [Server] X Plugin ready for connections. Socket: '/var/run/mysqld/mysqlx.sock' bind-address: '::' port: 33060
這個就啟動了 第二行 最后那個就是密碼
7.登錄
把那個臨時密碼輸入進去，就可以登錄了
[root@localhost ~]# mysql -u root -p Enter password: Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. Your MySQL connection id is 12 Server version: 8.0.13 Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners. Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement. mysql>
8.修改臨時密碼
跟之前的版本不一樣，得把臨時密碼給改了，之前set password=password('mima') 這個命令已經不好使了
mysql> show databases; ERROR 1820 (HY000): You must reset your password using ALTER USER statement before executing this statement. mysql>
yum 安裝還有一個問題，就是密碼還有復雜性要求,這東西策略我還不知道怎么改
mysql> ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'dgdb20I5'; ERROR 1819 (HY000): Your password does not satisfy the current policy requirements mysql> ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'dgdB20I5!@#'; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec) mysql>
用新密碼重新登錄就行了
9.修改日志時間問題
mysql> select now(); +---------------------+ | now() | +---------------------+ | 2019-01-12 22:22:19 | +---------------------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec) mysql> SHOW GLOBAL VARIABLES LIKE 'log_timestamps'; +----------------+-------+ | Variable_name | Value | +----------------+-------+ | log_timestamps | UTC | +----------------+-------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec) mysql> SET GLOBAL log_timestamps = SYSTEM; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) mysql> SHOW GLOBAL VARIABLES LIKE 'log_timestamps'; +----------------+--------+ | Variable_name | Value | +----------------+--------+ | log_timestamps | SYSTEM | +----------------+--------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec) mysql> exit
且默認安裝后error_log,slow_log 日志時間戳默認為UTC，因此會造成與系統時間不一致，與北京時間相差8個小時
因為log_timestamps 是一個GLOBAL的全局參數,所以直接在登錄后去set全局參數,重啟后就會直接失效
因此需要在mysql的配置文件中[mysqld]中增加一條log_timestamps的配置
vim /etc/my.cnf
[mysqld]
log_timestamps=SYSTEM
重啟下MySQL
systemctl restart mysqld
再查看下日志，果然時間就對了
[root@localhost ~]# tailf /var/log/mysqld.log 2019-01-12T13:59:38.113827Z 0 [System] [MY-013170] [Server] /usr/sbin/mysqld (mysqld 8.0.13) initializing of server has completed 2019-01-12T13:59:39.798256Z 0 [System] [MY-010116] [Server] /usr/sbin/mysqld (mysqld 8.0.13) starting as process 7085 2019-01-12T13:59:40.949981Z 0 [Warning] [MY-010068] [Server] CA certificate ca.pem is self signed. 2019-01-12T13:59:41.019836Z 0 [System] [MY-010931] [Server] /usr/sbin/mysqld: ready for connections. Version: '8.0.13' socket: '/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock' port: 3306 MySQL Community Server - GPL. 2019-01-12T13:59:41.190008Z 0 [System] [MY-011323] [Server] X Plugin ready for connections. Socket: '/var/run/mysqld/mysqlx.sock' bind-address: '::' port: 33060 2019-01-12T22:29:25.655750+08:00 0 [System] [MY-010910] [Server] /usr/sbin/mysqld: Shutdown complete (mysqld 8.0.13) MySQL Community Server - GPL. 2019-01-12T22:29:26.338014+08:00 0 [System] [MY-010116] [Server] /usr/sbin/mysqld (mysqld 8.0.13) starting as process 24698 2019-01-12T22:29:26.856796+08:00 0 [Warning] [MY-010068] [Server] CA certificate ca.pem is self signed. 2019-01-12T22:29:26.878264+08:00 0 [System] [MY-010931] [Server] /usr/sbin/mysqld: ready for connections. Version: '8.0.13' socket: '/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock' port: 3306 MySQL Community Server - GPL. 2019-01-12T22:29:27.007610+08:00 0 [System] [MY-011323] [Server] X Plugin ready for connections. Socket: '/var/run/mysqld/mysqlx.sock' bind-address: '::' port: 33060
10.修改MySQL數據目錄位置
a.查詢MySQL 8.0默認數據目錄
mysql> show variables like '%dir%'; +-----------------------------------------+--------------------------------+ | Variable_name | Value | +-----------------------------------------+--------------------------------+ | basedir | /usr/ | | binlog_direct_non_transactional_updates | OFF | | character_sets_dir | /usr/share/mysql-8.0/charsets/ | | datadir | /var/lib/mysql/ | | innodb_data_home_dir | | | innodb_directories | | | innodb_log_group_home_dir | ./ | | innodb_max_dirty_pages_pct | 90.000000 | | innodb_max_dirty_pages_pct_lwm | 10.000000 | | innodb_temp_tablespaces_dir | ./#innodb_temp/ | | innodb_tmpdir | | | innodb_undo_directory | ./ | | lc_messages_dir | /usr/share/mysql-8.0/ | | plugin_dir | /usr/lib64/mysql/plugin/ | | slave_load_tmpdir | /tmp | | tmpdir | /tmp | +-----------------------------------------+--------------------------------+ 16 rows in set (0.00 sec)
顯而易見，datadir在 /var/lib/myql
b.先把MySQL停下來
systemctl stop mysqld
c.創建數據目錄，復制數據文件（加入我把數據目錄放到/home/下）
mkdir /home/mysql_data cp -r /var/lib/mysql/* /home/mysql_data/ chown -R mysql:mysql /home/mysql_data
d.編輯配置文件
vim /etc/my.cnf datadir=/home/mysql_data socket=/home/mysql_data/mysql.sock #下面這得加上，不然服務能起來，你客戶端不能登錄 [mysql] socket=/home/mysql_data/mysql.sock
e.啟動並查詢
systemctl start mysqld [root@localhost my.cnf.d]# mysql -u root -p Enter password: Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. Your MySQL connection id is 8 Server version: 8.0.13 MySQL Community Server - GPL Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners. Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement. mysql> show variables like '%dir%'; +-----------------------------------------+--------------------------------+ | Variable_name | Value | +-----------------------------------------+--------------------------------+ | basedir | /usr/ | | binlog_direct_non_transactional_updates | OFF | | character_sets_dir | /usr/share/mysql-8.0/charsets/ | | datadir | /home/mysql_data/ | | innodb_data_home_dir | | | innodb_directories | | | innodb_log_group_home_dir | ./ | | innodb_max_dirty_pages_pct | 90.000000 | | innodb_max_dirty_pages_pct_lwm | 10.000000 | | innodb_temp_tablespaces_dir | ./#innodb_temp/ | | innodb_tmpdir | | | innodb_undo_directory | ./ | | lc_messages_dir | /usr/share/mysql-8.0/ | | plugin_dir | /usr/lib64/mysql/plugin/ | | slave_load_tmpdir | /tmp | | tmpdir | /tmp | +-----------------------------------------+--------------------------------+ 16 rows in set (0.01 sec)
11.mysql免密碼登錄
直接在[mysql]下面添加root password就行了
vim /etc/my.cnf [mysql] user='root' password='dgdB20I5!@#'
下次直接輸入mysql就可以登錄了，方便的很，生產環境謹慎使用
[root@localhost ~]# mysql Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. Your MySQL connection id is 12 Server version: 8.0.13 MySQL Community Server - GPL Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners. Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement. mysql> exit Bye
12.配置MySQL遠程連接配置
[root@localhost ~]# mysql Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. Your MySQL connection id is 15 Server version: 8.0.13 MySQL Community Server - GPL Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners. Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement. mysql> use mysql; Reading table information for completion of table and column names You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A Database changed mysql> select host, user, authentication_string, plugin from user; +-----------+------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------+-----------------------+ | host | user | authentication_string | plugin | +-----------+------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------+-----------------------+ | localhost | mysql.infoschema | $A$005$THISISACOMBINATIONOFINVALIDSALTANDPASSWORDTHATMUSTNEVERBRBEUSED | caching_sha2_password | | localhost | mysql.session | $A$005$THISISACOMBINATIONOFINVALIDSALTANDPASSWORDTHATMUSTNEVERBRBEUSED | caching_sha2_password | | localhost | mysql.sys | $A$005$THISISACOMBINATIONOFINVALIDSALTANDPASSWORDTHATMUSTNEVERBRBEUSED | caching_sha2_password | | localhost | root | $A$005$LP^CZmMk T4'S0<PcRj0oL/YI9p7IGi1Q59wifPwX/93nRiZez4GboEPK/ | caching_sha2_password | +-----------+------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------+-----------------------+ 4 rows in set (0.00 sec) mysql>
這里看到都是localhost，所以還不能遠程連接
root賬戶為默認的密碼加密方式是：caching_sha2_password；而現在很多客戶端工具還不支持這種加密認證方式，連接測試的時候就會報錯：client does not support authentication protocol requested by server; consider upgrading MySQL client，這里的錯誤信息就是不支持身份認證方式 新創建的用戶有效，老用戶還是不行的
所以，我們需要修改下配置文件，修改下默認加密方式,在[mysqld]下面添加一行default-authentication-plugin=mysql_native_password
vim /etc/my.cnf [mysqld] default-authentication-plugin=mysql_native_password
重啟MySQL
systemctl restart mysqld
修改用戶遠程訪問權限
mysql> grant all on *.* to 'root'@'%' identified by 'Zhang87073!'; ERROR 1064 (42000): You have an error in your SQL syntax; check the manual that corresponds to your MySQL server version for the right syntax to use near 'identified by 'Zhang87073!'' at line 1
MySQL 8.0 這里報錯了。。。之前的版本都是這樣一行就搞定了 。。。所以 。。。
#這里先創建一個用戶
mysql> create user 'root'@'%' identified by 'Zhang87073!'; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.06 sec) #在進行授權 mysql> grant all privileges on *.* to 'root'@'%' with grant option; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.05 sec) #再查看一下 mysql> use mysql; Reading table information for completion of table and column names You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A Database changed mysql> select host, user, authentication_string, plugin from user; +-----------+------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------+-----------------------+ | host | user | authentication_string | plugin | +-----------+------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------+-----------------------+ | % | root | *43CAAB27D90B4E33EC75DEEFA02577F7E2BACE93 | mysql_native_password | | localhost | mysql.infoschema | $A$005$THISISACOMBINATIONOFINVALIDSALTANDPASSWORDTHATMUSTNEVERBRBEUSED | caching_sha2_password | | localhost | mysql.session | $A$005$THISISACOMBINATIONOFINVALIDSALTANDPASSWORDTHATMUSTNEVERBRBEUSED | caching_sha2_password | | localhost | mysql.sys | $A$005$THISISACOMBINATIONOFINVALIDSALTANDPASSWORDTHATMUSTNEVERBRBEUSED | caching_sha2_password | | localhost | root | $A$005$LP^CZmMk T4'S0<PcRj0oL/YI9p7IGi1Q59wifPwX/93nRiZez4GboEPK/ | caching_sha2_password | +-----------+------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------+-----------------------+ 5 rows in set (0.00 sec)
遠程連接測試
13.修改密碼策略
yum 安裝的時候 遇到了密碼策略的問題，我查詢了一下，現在得到了答案，且發現二進制包安裝完，這個密碼策略是空的。
a.查看當前的密碼策略
mysql> SHOW VARIABLES LIKE 'validate_password%'; +--------------------------------------+--------+ | Variable_name | Value | +--------------------------------------+--------+ | validate_password.check_user_name | ON | | validate_password.dictionary_file | | | validate_password.length | 8 | | validate_password.mixed_case_count | 1 | | validate_password.number_count | 1 | | validate_password.policy | MEDIUM | | validate_password.special_char_count | 1 | +--------------------------------------+--------+ 7 rows in set (0.00 sec)
b.密碼策略的解釋
validate_password.check_user_name 這個參數用來檢查用戶名
validate_password_dictionary_file 字典文件
validate_password_length密碼長度的最小值(這個值最小要是4)。
validate_password_mixed_case_count大小寫的最少個數
validate_password_number_count 密碼中數字的最少個數
validate_password_policy 這個參數用於控制validate_password的驗證策略 0-->low 1-->MEDIUM 2-->strong。
validate_password_special_char_count 特殊字符的最小個數
c.修改密碼策略
舉個例子 知道怎么搞就行了 (我覺得這東西還是復雜點沒壞處)
mysql > set global validate_password.policy=0; mysql > set global validate_password.policy=0; mysql > set global validate_password.length=4; mysql > set global validate_password.check_user_name=OFF; mysql > set global validate_password.number_count=0; mysql > set global validate_password.special_char_count=0; mysql > flush privileges; mysql > ALTER USER 'root'@'%' IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY 'root' ; mysql > update user set host='%' where user ='root';
OK了 就寫這么多吧。MySQL 8.0我也是第一次用