RPC還是HTTP？HttpClient還是OKHttp？

RPC

• 遠程過程調用
• 自定義數據格式
• 速度快
• 效率高

典型代表：webservice、dubbo

HTTP

• 網絡傳輸協議
• 規定數據傳輸格式
• 服務調用和提供方沒有技術限定
• 消息封裝臃腫

典型代表：RestFul。

HTTP客戶端工具：HttpClient、OKHttp、URLConnection。他們之間的優缺點對比：

HttpClient

• 網絡框架
• 網絡請求封裝完善
• api多，難擴展
• 穩定

OKHttp

• 支持jdk1.7以上
• 網絡連接效率高。同一IP和端口請求重用一個socket
• 網絡請求成熟
• 網絡切換在線程，不能直接刷新UI

URLConnection

• 輕量級HTTP客戶端
• api少，易擴展

 

原生HttpClient

public class HttpTests {

    CloseableHttpClient httpClient;

    // 序列化與反序列化
    private static final ObjectMapper MAPPER = new ObjectMapper();

    @Before
    public void init() {
        httpClient = HttpClients.createDefault();
    }

    @Test
    public void testGet() throws IOException {
        HttpGet request = new HttpGet("http://www.baidu.com/s?ie=UTF-8&wd=java");
        String response = this.httpClient.execute(request, new BasicResponseHandler());
        User user = MAPPER.readValue(response, User.class);
        String usertToString = MAPPER.writeValueAsString(user);
    }
}

原生OkHttp

private OkHttpClient client = new OkHttpClient();

@Test
public void testGet() throws IOException {
    String api = "/api/files/1";
    String url = String.format("%s%s", BASE_URL, api);
    Request request = new Request.Builder()
            .url(url)
            .get() 
            .build();
    final Call call = client.newCall(request);
    Response response = call.execute();
    System.out.println(response.body().string());
}

詳細可以參考https://www.cnblogs.com/zk-blog/p/12465951.html

RestTemplate

Spring的RestTemplate，對基於HTTP的客戶端進行封裝，實現對象與json的序列化與反序列化。支持HttpClient、OkHttp、URLConnection（默認的）。

@SpringBootApplication
public class HttpDemoApplication {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(HttpDemoApplication.class, args);
    }

    @Bean
    public RestTemplate restTemplate() {
        return new RestTemplate();
    }
}

 

@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest(classes = HttpDemoApplication.class)
public class HttpDemoApplicationTests {

    @Autowired
    private RestTemplate restTemplate;

    @Test
    public void httpGet() {
        User user = this.restTemplate.getForObject("http://localhost:8888/user/42", User.class);
        System.out.println(user);
    }

}