mkdir命令用於創建目錄，如同一路徑下創建單個或多個目錄、遞歸創建目錄，但同路徑下不能創建同名目錄，且目錄名區分大小寫。
【命令】
mkdir
【用途】
創建目錄（單個目錄/多個目錄）
【語法】
mkdir [選項]...目錄名...
【示例】
切換到當前目錄：/usr/local/linuxStudy，所有示例在此路徑下操作。
[root@testserver linuxStudy]# pwd
/usr/local/linuxStudy
例1.創建單個目錄dir1
[root@testserver linuxStudy]# mkdir dir1 [root@testserver linuxStudy]# ls dir1
例2.一次創建多個目錄：dir2，dir3
[root@testserver linuxStudy]# mkdir dir2 dir3 [root@testserver linuxStudy]# ls dir1 dir2 dir3
例3.同路徑下創建同名目錄：dir1-->創建失敗，同路徑下不能創建同名目錄
[root@testserver linuxStudy]# mkdir dir1 mkdir: cannot create directory `dir1': File exists
例4.-p參數，創建多層目錄dir4/dir5（dir4目錄不存在時，同時創建dir4、dir5目錄；dir4目錄存在時，則只創建dir5目錄）
[root@testserver linuxStudy]# mkdir dir4/dir5 #未加-p參數，上層目錄不存在時，創建目錄失敗 mkdir: cannot create directory `dir4/dir5': No such file or directory [root@testserver linuxStudy]# mkdir -p dir4/dir5 #-p：上層目錄不存在時，同步創建 [root@testserver linuxStudy]# ls -R #-R：遞歸列出當前目錄下所有的目錄、文件 .: dir1 dir2 dir3 dir4 ./dir1: ./dir2: ./dir3: ./dir4: dir5 ./dir4/dir5: [root@testserver linuxStudy]#
例5：-v參數，對於每個創建的目錄，打印一條信息
[root@testserver linuxStudy]# mkdir -v dir6 mkdir: created directory `dir6' [root@testserver linuxStudy]# mkdir -v dir7 dir8 mkdir: created directory `dir7' mkdir: created directory `dir8'
例6.-m參數，創建目錄的同時設置文件權限（同chmod命令）
[root@testserver linuxStudy]# mkdir -m o-rw dir10 #創建dir10目錄，other用戶去掉rw權限 [root@testserver linuxStudy]# ll total 36 drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 May 9 14:47 dir1 drwxrwx--x 2 root root 4096 May 9 15:08 dir10 drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 May 9 14:47 dir2 drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 May 9 14:47 dir3 drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 4096 May 9 14:52 dir4 drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 May 9 15:02 dir6 drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 May 9 15:02 dir7 drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 May 9 15:02 dir8 drwxrwxrwx 2 root root 4096 May 9 15:07 dir9 [root@testserver linuxStudy]# mkdir -m 511 dir11 #創建dir11目錄，設置user、group、other用戶權限分別為5、1、1（讀權限4，寫權限2，執行權限1，用戶具備多種權限時值相加） [root@testserver linuxStudy]# ll total 40 drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 May 9 14:47 dir1 drwxrwx--x 2 root root 4096 May 9 15:08 dir10 dr-x--x--x 2 root root 4096 May 9 15:09 dir11 drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 May 9 14:47 dir2 drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 May 9 14:47 dir3 drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 4096 May 9 14:52 dir4 drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 May 9 15:02 dir6 drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 May 9 15:02 dir7 drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 May 9 15:02 dir8 drwxrwxrwx 2 root root 4096 May 9 15:07 dir9
【幫助文檔】
Linux環境下輸入 man mkdir，查看mkdir命令的幫助文檔（ps：英文渣渣咬咬牙啃一啃幫助文檔。不要偷懶，多看官方文檔。注釋部分為個人添加。）
[root@testserver local]# man mkdir MKDIR(1) User Commands MKDIR(1) NAME mkdir - make directories #創建目錄 SYNOPSIS mkdir [OPTION]... DIRECTORY... DESCRIPTION Create the DIRECTORY(ies), if they do not already exist. #目錄已存在時，創建目錄失敗 Mandatory arguments to long options are mandatory for short options too. -m, --mode=MODE set file mode (as in chmod), not a=rwx - umask #設置文件權限，而不是默認權限a=rwx -p, --parents no error if existing, make parent directories as needed #父目錄不存在時，創建所需的父目錄 -v, --verbose print a message for each created directory #對每一個創建的目錄打印1條信息 -Z, --context=CTX set the SELinux security context of each created directory to CTX --help display this help and exit --version output version information and exit AUTHOR Written by David MacKenzie. REPORTING BUGS Report mkdir bugs to bug-coreutils@gnu.org GNU coreutils home page: <http://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/> General help using GNU software: <http://www.gnu.org/gethelp/> Report mkdir translation bugs to <http://translationproject.org/team/> COPYRIGHT Copyright © 2010 Free Software Foundation, Inc. License GPLv3+: GNU GPL version 3 or later <http://gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html>. This is free software: you are free to change and redistribute it. There is NO WARRANTY, to the extent permit- ted by law. SEE ALSO mkdir(2) The full documentation for mkdir is maintained as a Texinfo manual. If the info and mkdir programs are prop- erly installed at your site, the command info coreutils 'mkdir invocation' should give you access to the complete manual. GNU coreutils 8.4 November 2013 MKDIR(1) (END)
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