Spring數據源配置以及配置文件的數據加密

The following example shows the corresponding XML configuration:

<bean id="dataSource" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DriverManagerDataSource">
    <property name="driverClassName" value="${jdbc.driverClassName}"/>
    <property name="url" value="${jdbc.url}"/>
    <property name="username" value="${jdbc.username}"/>
    <property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"/>
</bean>

<context:property-placeholder location="jdbc.properties"/>

Spring在第三方依賴包中包含了兩個數據源的實現類包,其一是:Apache的DBCP;其二是C3P0,可以在Spring配置文件中利用二者的任何一個配置數據源.

The next two examples show the basic connectivity and configuration for DBCP and C3P0. To learn about more options that help control the pooling features, see the product documentation for the respective connection pooling implementations.

The following example shows DBCP configuration:

<bean id="dataSource" class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource" destroy-method="close">
    <property name="driverClassName" value="${jdbc.driverClassName}"/>
    <property name="url" value="${jdbc.url}"/>
    <property name="username" value="${jdbc.username}"/>
    <property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"/>
</bean>

<context:property-placeholder location="jdbc.properties"/>

The following example shows C3P0 configuration:

<bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource" destroy-method="close">
    <property name="driverClass" value="${jdbc.driverClassName}"/>
    <property name="jdbcUrl" value="${jdbc.url}"/>
    <property name="user" value="${jdbc.username}"/>
    <property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"/>
</bean>

<context:property-placeholder location="jdbc.properties"/>

在jdbc.properties文件中定義屬性的值,如下:

jdbc.driverClassName=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver

jdbc.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3309/sampledb

jdbc.username=root

jdbc.password=123456

但是這些屬性是以明文形式存放,那么任何擁有服務器登錄權限的人都可以查看這些機密信息,容易造成數據庫訪問權限的泄露.

這就要求對應用程序配置文件對某些屬性進行加密,讓Spring容器在讀取屬性文件后,在內存中對屬性進行解密,然后再將解密后的屬性賦給目標對象.

這里提供一個加密解密工具(DES對稱加密解密)代碼:

package com.springboot.utils;

import java.security.Key;
import java.security.SecureRandom;
import java.util.Base64;
import java.util.Base64.Decoder;
import java.util.Base64.Encoder;

import javax.crypto.Cipher;
import javax.crypto.KeyGenerator;


public class DESUtils {
    //指定DES加密解密所用的密鑰
    private static Key key;
    private static String KEY_STR = "myKey";
    
    static {
        try {
            KeyGenerator generator = KeyGenerator.getInstance("DES");
            generator.init(new SecureRandom(KEY_STR.getBytes()));
            key = generator.generateKey();
            generator = null;
        }catch(Exception e) {
            throw new RuntimeException(e);
        }
    }
    
    public static String getEncryptString(String str) {
        Encoder encoder = Base64.getEncoder();
        try {
            byte[] strBytes = str.getBytes("UTF8");
            Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance("DES");
            cipher.init(Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE, key);
            byte[] encryptStrBytes = cipher.doFinal(strBytes);
            return encoder.encodeToString(encryptStrBytes);
        }catch(Exception e) {
            throw new RuntimeException(e);
        }
    }
    
    public static String getDecryptString(String str) {
        Decoder decoder = Base64.getDecoder();
        try {
            byte[] strBytes = decoder.decode(str);
            Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance("DES");
            cipher.init(Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE, key);
            byte[] decryptStrBytes = cipher.doFinal(strBytes);
            return new String(decryptStrBytes,"UTF8");
        }catch(Exception e) {
            throw new RuntimeException(e);
        }
    }
    
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception{
        if(args == null || args.length < 1) {
            System.out.println("請輸入要加密的字符,用空格分隔.");
        }else {
            for(String arg : args) {
                System.out.println(arg + ":" + getEncryptString(arg));
            }
        }
    }
}

 

針對配置文件中加密信息的解密

package com.springboot.utils;

import org.springframework.context.support.PropertySourcesPlaceholderConfigurer;

public class EncryptPropertyPlaceholderConfigurer  extends PropertySourcesPlaceholderConfigurer{
    private String[] encryptPropNames = {"userName","password"};
    
    private boolean isEncryptProp(String propertyName) {
        for(String encryptProName : encryptPropNames) {
            if(encryptProName.equals(propertyName)) {
                return true;
            }
        }
        return false;
    }
    @Override
    protected String convertProperty(String propertyName, String propertyValue) {
        if(isEncryptProp(propertyName)) {
            String decryptVal = DESUtils.getDecryptString(propertyValue);
            System.out.println("decryptVal = " + decryptVal);
            return decryptVal;
        }else {
            return propertyValue;
        }
    }
}

xml配置文件內容

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
     xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
    xmlns:util="http://www.springframework.org/schema/util"
    xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
    xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
    xsi:schemaLocation="
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans https://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/util https://www.springframework.org/schema/util/spring-util.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop https://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx https://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd 
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">


     
     <bean class="com.springboot.utils.EncryptPropertyPlaceholderConfigurer"
         p:location="classpath:application.properties"
         p:fileEncoding="utf-8"/>
     <bean id="dataSource" class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource"
        destroy-method="close"
           p:driverClassName="${driverClassName}"
        p:url="${url}"
        p:username="${userName}"
        p:password="${password}"/>
</beans>

通過在控制台運行我們的加密代碼獲取加密后的密文

yusuwudeMacBook-Pro:classes yusuwu$ java com.springboot.utils.DESUtils root 123

獲取密文:

root:jxlNoW/DjKw=

123:RbtzyNE4tjY=

在application.properties中配置

driverClassName=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/springboot
userName=jxlNoW/DjKw=
password=RbtzyNE4tjY=