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ORACLE 11G 搭建dataguard詳細步驟（所有操作總結）

本文轉載自   查看原文   2020-04-30 14:39   692    ORACLE

ORACLE 11G 搭建dataguard詳細步驟（所有操作總結）

Oracle 作者：ljerom 時間：2017-10-31 15:06:29 5290 0

序言：
      DATAGUARD是通過建立一個PRIMARY和STANDBY組來確立其參照關系。
      STANDBY一旦創建，DATAGUARD就會通過將主數據庫(PRIMARY)的REDO傳遞給STANDBY數據庫，然后在STANDBY中應用REDO實現數據庫的同步。

      有兩種類型的STANDBY：物理STANDBY和邏輯STANDBY
      物理STANDBY提供與主數據庫完全一樣的拷貝（塊到塊），數據庫SCHEMA，包括索引都是一樣的。它是直接應用REDO實現同步的。
      邏輯STANDBY則不是這樣，在邏輯STANDBY中，邏輯信息是相同的，但物理組織和數據結構可以不同，它和主庫保持同步的方法是將接收的REDO轉換成SQL語句，然后在STANDBY上執行SQL語句。邏輯STANDBY除災難恢復外還有其它用途，比如用於用戶進行查詢和報表。


1、安裝環境
在primary搭建數據庫軟件，建立lsnrctl監聽，采用dbca搭建實例，在standby上搭建數據庫軟件，建立監聽，但是不需要采用dbca建立實例。
如何在linux上搭建oracle數據庫，請參考以前的blog實驗：http://blog.itpub.net/26230597/viewspace-1413242/
操作系統： 都是centos6.4
oracle軟件版本： oracle 11.2.0.1.0
IP地址： primary庫（192.168.121.217）、standby庫（192.168.121.218）
db_unique_name： primary庫（pdunq）、standby庫（pdunq_dg）


2、准備工作 在primary上操作
2.1、打開Forced Logging 模式
先確認primary庫處於歸檔模式
SQL> archive log list;
Database log mode       Archive Mode
Automatic archival       Enabled
Archive destination       USE_DB_RECOVERY_FILE_DEST
Oldest online log sequence     362
Next log sequence to archive   364
Current log sequence       364
SQL> 


強制歸檔
SQL> alter database force logging;
 
Database altered.


SQL>
確認primary庫是歸檔模式


添加standby文件
alter database add standby logfile group 4 ('/home/oradata/powerdes/redo_dg_021.log') size 20M;
alter database add standby logfile group 5 ('/home/oradata/powerdes/redo_dg_022.log') size 20M;
alter database add standby logfile group 6 ('/home/oradata/powerdes/redo_dg_023.log') size 20M;
alter database drop standby logfile group 4;
alter database drop standby logfile group 5;
alter database drop standby logfile group 6;

select * from v$logfile order by 1;


2.3 准備參數文件
2.3.1 生成pfile
create pfile from spfile;
shutdown immediate


2.3.2 修改pfile
cp $ORACLE_HOME/dbs/initpowerdes.ora $ORACLE_HOME/dbs/initpowerdes.ora.bak
vim $ORACLE_HOME/dbs/initpowerdes.ora
*.db_unique_name=pdunq
*.diagnostic_dest='/oracle/app/oracle'
*.dispatchers='(PROTOCOL=TCP) (SERVICE=powerdesXDB)'
*.fal_client='pdunq'
*.fal_server='pdunq_dg'
*.standby_file_management='AUTO'
*.db_file_name_convert='/home/oradata/powerdes','/home/oradata/pwerdes'
*.log_file_name_convert='/home/oradata/powerdes','/home/oradata/powerdes'
*.log_archive_config='DG_CONFIG=(pdunq,pdunq_dg)'
*.log_archive_dest_2='SERVICE=pdunq_dg  lgwr sync affirm VALID_FOR=(ONLINE_LOGFILES,PRIMARY_ROLE) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=pdunq_dg'
*.log_archive_dest_state_2='ENABLE'



2.3.3 生成spfile
create spfile from pfile;
startup #這里可以啟動也可以不啟動，這里不啟動，后面就要記得startup;讓新的參數文件生效


2.4 修改監聽文件
[oracle@powerlong4 admin]$ vim listener.ora 
# Generated by Oracle configuration tools.
SID_LIST_LISTENER =
  (SID_LIST =
    (SID_DESC =
      (SID_NAME = PLSExtProc)
      (ORACLE_HOME = /oracle/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1)
      (PROGRAM = extproc)
    )
    (SID_DESC =
      (SID_NAME = powerdes)
      (ORACLE_HOME = /oracle/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1)
    )
  )


LISTENER =
  (DESCRIPTION_LIST =
    (DESCRIPTION =
      (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.121.217)(PORT = 1521))
      (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC0))
    )
  )


ADR_BASE_LISTENER = /oracle/app/oracle
INBOUND_CONNECT_TIMEOUT_listener=10


2.5，修改tns配置文件
[oracle@powerlong4 admin]$ vim tnsnames.ora 
PD =
  (DESCRIPTION =
    (ADDRESS_LIST =
      (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.121.217)(PORT = 1521))
    )
    (CONNECT_DATA =
      (SERVICE_NAME = pdunq)
    )
  )


SC_SID =
  (DESCRIPTION =
    (ADDRESS_LIST =
      (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.121.218)(PORT = 1521))
    )
    (CONNECT_DATA =
      (SID = powerdes)
        (SERVER = DEDICATED)
    )
  )


EXTPROC_CONNECTION_DATA =
  (DESCRIPTION =
    (ADDRESS_LIST =
      (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC1))
    )
    (CONNECT_DATA =
      (SID = PLSExtProc)
      (PRESENTATION = RO)
    )
  )


2.6 監聽服務重啟
lsnrctl stop
lsnrctl start


2.7 primary上配置最大可用模式：
SQL>startup
SQL>alter database set standby database to maximize availability;
  
2.8 備份數據庫
backup database plus archivelog;
backup current controlfile for standby;
exit;
備份結束后會在閃回區產生備份文件


3，數據庫配置 standby上
3.1 建立相應的文件目錄
包括dump文件目錄，數據文件目錄，通過show parameter dest;查看，保持和primary一樣的路徑地址


3.2 從primary上copy數據文件到standby上
在主庫上執行：
ps：在primary上執行
copy閃回區內容
copy閃回文件
cd /oracle/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/
scp -r ./* 192.168.121.218:/oracle/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/


copy參數文件
cd /oracle/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/dbs
scp -r ./* 192.168.121.218:/oracle/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/dbs


copy監聽文件
cd /oracle/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/network/admin/
scp -r ./* 192.168.121.218:/oracle/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/network/admin/


3.3 在standby庫 修改配置文件 在standby上修改
[oracle@powerlong5 admin]$ vim listener.ora 

# Generated by Oracle configuration tools.
SID_LIST_LISTENER =
  (SID_LIST =
    (SID_DESC =
      (SID_NAME = PLSExtProc)
      (ORACLE_HOME = /oracle/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1)
      (PROGRAM = extproc)
    )
    (SID_DESC =
      (SID_NAME = powerdes)
      (ORACLE_HOME = /oracle/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1)
    )
  )

LISTENER =
  (DESCRIPTION_LIST =
    (DESCRIPTION =
      (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.121.218)(PORT = 1521))
      (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC0))
    )
  )

在standby修改tns文件 


3.4，修改參數文件
*.db_unique_name='pdunq_dg'
*.diagnostic_dest='/oracle/app/oracle'
*.dispatchers='(PROTOCOL=TCP) (SERVICE=powerdes)'
*.fal_client='pdunq'
*.fal_server='pdunq_dg'
*.standby_file_management='AUTO'
*.db_file_name_convert='/home/oradata/powerdes','/home/oradata/powerdes'
*.log_file_name_convert='/home/oradata/powerdes','/home/oradata/powerdes'
*.log_archive_config='DG_CONFIG=(pdunq,pdunq_dg)'
*.log_archive_dest_2='SERVICE=pdunq_dg  lgwr sync affirm VALID_FOR=(ONLINE_LOGFILES,PRIMARY_ROLE) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=pdunq_dg'
*.log_archive_dest_state_2='ENABLE'


PS:將*.log_archive_dest_2=后面的DB_UNIQUE_NAME改成primary的DB_UNIQUE_NAME值改為pdunq，這樣在做switchover的時候，新的primary能通過這個將redo日志傳到新的standby上面去。
log_archive_dest_N 目的是告訴數據庫，把歸檔放到那里去可選項，首先是本地，然后考慮遠程的從庫，所以，假設A是主庫，B是從庫，切換之后B是主庫，A是從庫，所以，log_archive_dest_N需要設置為對方


3.5，重啟監聽 standby
[oracle@powerlong5 dbs]$ lsnrctl stop


LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on 10-FEB-2015 15:41:36


Copyright (c) 1991, 2009, Oracle.  All rights reserved.


Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=192.168.121.218)(PORT=1521)))
The command completed successfully
[oracle@powerlong5 dbs]$ lsnrctl start


LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on 10-FEB-2015 15:41:41


Copyright (c) 1991, 2009, Oracle.  All rights reserved.


Starting /oracle/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/bin/tnslsnr: please wait...


TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 11.2.0.1.0 - Production
System parameter file is /oracle/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/network/admin/listener.ora
Log messages written to /oracle/app/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/powerlong5/listener/alert/log.xml
Listening on: (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=192.168.121.218)(PORT=1521)))
Listening on: (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC0)))


Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=192.168.121.218)(PORT=1521)))
STATUS of the LISTENER
------------------------
Alias                     LISTENER
Version                   TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 11.2.0.1.0 - Production
Start Date                10-FEB-2015 15:41:41
Uptime                    0 days 0 hr. 0 min. 0 sec
Trace Level               off
Security                  ON: Local OS Authentication
SNMP                      OFF
Listener Parameter File   /oracle/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/network/admin/listener.ora
Listener Log File         /oracle/app/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/powerlong5/listener/alert/log.xml
Listening Endpoints Summary...
  (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=192.168.121.218)(PORT=1521)))
  (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC0)))
Services Summary...
Service "PLSExtProc" has 1 instance(s).
  Instance "PLSExtProc", status UNKNOWN, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
Service "powerdes" has 1 instance(s).
  Instance "powerdes", status UNKNOWN, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
The command completed successfully
[oracle@powerlong5 dbs]$




3.6，恢復數據庫
在standby庫上操作
[oracle@powerlong5 admin]$ rman target sys/syxxlxxxx58@PD1 auxiliary /


Argument     Value          Description
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
target       quoted-string  connect-string for target database
catalog      quoted-string  connect-string for recovery catalog
nocatalog    none           if specified, then no recovery catalog
cmdfile      quoted-string  name of input command file
log          quoted-string  name of output message log file
trace        quoted-string  name of output debugging message log file
append       none           if specified, log is opened in append mode
debug        optional-args  activate debugging
msgno        none           show RMAN-nnnn prefix for all messages
send         quoted-string  send a command to the media manager
pipe         string         building block for pipe names
timeout      integer        number of seconds to wait for pipe input
checksyntax  none           check the command file for syntax errors
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Both single and double quotes (' or ") are accepted for a quoted-string.
Quotes are not required unless the string contains embedded white-space.


RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-00569: =============== ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS ===============
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-00552: syntax error in command line arguments
RMAN-01009: syntax error: found "end-of-file": expecting one of: "double-quoted-string, identifier, single-quoted-string, "
RMAN-01007: at line 0 column 0 file: command line arguments
[oracle@powerlong5 admin]$ 
[oracle@powerlong5 admin]$ 
[oracle@powerlong5 admin]$


報錯，看下是否standby沒有啟動導致？
SQL> startup


ORA-00845: MEMORY_TARGET not supported on this system
SQL> SQL> startup nomount
ORA-00845: MEMORY_TARGET not supported on this system
SQL> 
[root@powerlong5 ~]# mount -t tmpfs shmfs -o size=12g /dev/shm
[root@powerlong5 ~]# df -h
Filesystem            Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/sda3              57G   45G  8.9G  84% /
tmpfs                  12G     0   12G   0% /dev/shm
/dev/sda1             190M   51M  129M  29% /boot
/dev/sr0              4.1G  4.1G     0 100% /media/CentOS_6.4_Final
shmfs                  12G     0   12G   0% /dev/shm
[root@powerlong5 ~]# 




SQL> startup
ORA-09925: Unable to create audit trail file
Linux-x86_64 Error: 2: No such file or directory
Additional information: 9925
SQL> startup nomount
ORA-09925: Unable to create audit trail file
Linux-x86_64 Error: 2: No such file or directory
Additional information: 9925
ORA-09925: Unable to create audit trail file
Linux-x86_64 Error: 2: No such file or directory
Additional information: 9925
SQL> 
去primary庫上查詢下audit路徑
SQL> show parameter audit_file_dest


NAME     TYPE VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
audit_file_dest     string /oracle/app/oracle/admin/powerdes/adump
SQL> 


然后在standby上操作
SQL> startup nomount
ORA-01081: cannot start already-running ORACLE - shut it down first
SQL> shutdown
ORA-01507: database not mounted




ORACLE instance shut down.
SQL> startup nomount
ORACLE instance started.


Total System Global Area 1.1358E+10 bytes
Fixed Size    2216744 bytes
Variable Size 8589937880 bytes
Database Buffers 2751463424 bytes
Redo Buffers   13946880 bytes
SQL> 


去primary修改sys密碼：
SQL> alter user sys identified by "syxxlxxxx58";


User altered.


SQL> 


在standby庫執行rman target sys/syspl1758@PD1 auxiliary /，如下所示：

  1. [oracle@powerlong5 ~]$ rman target sys/syspl1758@PD1 auxiliary /


  4. Recovery Manager: Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on Sat Feb 7 19:08:16 2015


  7. Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.


  10. connected to target database: POWERDES (DBID=3391761643)
  11. connected to auxiliary database: POWERDES (not mounted)


  14. RMAN> run {
  15. allocate auxiliary channel c1 device type disk;
  16. allocate auxiliary channel c2 device type disk;
  17. duplicate target database for standby nofilenamecheck dorecover;
  18. release channel c1;
  19. release channel c2;
  20. }
  21. 2> 3> 4> 5> 6> 7>
  22. using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
  23. allocated channel: c1
  24. channel c1: SID=767 device type=DISK


  27. allocated channel: c2
  28. channel c2: SID=1150 device type=DISK


  31. Starting Duplicate Db at 07-FEB-15


  34. contents of Memory Script:
  35. {
  36.    set until scn 10903678943;
  37.    restore clone standby controlfile;
  38. }
  39. executing Memory Script


  42. executing command: SET until clause


  45. Starting restore at 07-FEB-15


  48. channel c1: starting datafile backup set restore
  49. channel c1: restoring control file
  50. channel c1: reading from backup piece /oracle/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/PDUNQ/backupset/2015_02_07/o1_mf_ncsnf_TAG20150207T182252_bfct20tb_.bkp
  51. channel c1: piece handle=/oracle/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/PDUNQ/backupset/2015_02_07/o1_mf_ncsnf_TAG20150207T182252_bfct20tb_.bkp tag=TAG20150207T182252
  52. channel c1: restored backup piece 1
  53. channel c1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
  54. output file name=/oracle/data_ora/powerdes/control01.ctl
  55. output file name=/oracle/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/powerdes/control02.ctl
  56. Finished restore at 07-FEB-15


  59. contents of Memory Script:
  60. {
  61.    sql clone \'alter database mount standby database\';
  62. }
  63. executing Memory Script


  66. sql statement: alter database mount standby database


  69. contents of Memory Script:
  70. {
  71.    set until scn 10903678943;
  72.    set newname for datafile 1 to
  73.  \"/home/oradata/pwerdes/system01.dbf\";
  74.    set newname for datafile 2 to
  75.  \"/home/oradata/pwerdes/sysaux01.dbf\";
  76.    set newname for datafile 3 to
  77.  \"/home/oradata/pwerdes/undotbs01.dbf\";
  78.    set newname for datafile 4 to
  79.  \"/home/oradata/pwerdes/users01.dbf\";
  80.    set newname for datafile 6 to
  81.  \"/home/oradata/pwerdes/plas01.dbf\";
  82.    set newname for datafile 7 to
  83.  \"/home/oradata/pwerdes/pl01.dbf\";
  84.    set newname for datafile 8 to
  85.  \"/home/oradata/pwerdes/help01.dbf\";
  86.    set newname for datafile 9 to
  87.  \"/home/oradata/pwerdes/adobelc01.dbf\";
  88.    set newname for datafile 10 to
  89.  \"/home/oradata/pwerdes/sms01.dbf\";
  90.    restore
  91.    clone database
  92.    ;
  93. }
  94. executing Memory Script


  97. executing command: SET until clause


  100. executing command: SET NEWNAME


  103. executing command: SET NEWNAME


  106. executing command: SET NEWNAME


  109. executing command: SET NEWNAME


  112. executing command: SET NEWNAME


  115. executing command: SET NEWNAME


  118. executing command: SET NEWNAME


  121. executing command: SET NEWNAME


  124. executing command: SET NEWNAME


  127. Starting restore at 07-FEB-15


  130. channel c1: starting datafile backup set restore
  131. channel c1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set
  132. channel c1: restoring datafile 00001 to /home/oradata/pwerdes/system01.dbf
  133. channel c1: restoring datafile 00002 to /home/oradata/pwerdes/sysaux01.dbf
  134. channel c1: restoring datafile 00003 to /home/oradata/pwerdes/undotbs01.dbf
  135. channel c1: restoring datafile 00004 to /home/oradata/pwerdes/users01.dbf
  136. channel c1: restoring datafile 00006 to /home/oradata/pwerdes/plas01.dbf
  137. channel c1: restoring datafile 00007 to /home/oradata/pwerdes/pl01.dbf
  138. channel c1: restoring datafile 00008 to /home/oradata/pwerdes/help01.dbf
  139. channel c1: restoring datafile 00009 to /home/oradata/pwerdes/adobelc01.dbf
  140. channel c1: restoring datafile 00010 to /home/oradata/pwerdes/sms01.dbf
  141. channel c1: reading from backup piece /oracle/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/PDUNQ/backupset/2015_02_07/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20150207T182252_bfcsvxoz_.bkp
  142. channel c1: piece handle=/oracle/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/PDUNQ/backupset/2015_02_07/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20150207T182252_bfcsvxoz_.bkp tag=TAG20150207T182252
  143. channel c1: restored backup piece 1
  144. channel c1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:04:05
  145. Finished restore at 07-FEB-15


  148. contents of Memory Script:
  149. {
  150.    switch clone datafile all;
  151. }
  152. executing Memory Script


  155. datafile 1 switched to datafile copy
  156. input datafile copy RECID=3 STAMP=871067691 file name=/home/oradata/pwerdes/system01.dbf
  157. datafile 2 switched to datafile copy
  158. input datafile copy RECID=4 STAMP=871067691 file name=/home/oradata/pwerdes/sysaux01.dbf
  159. datafile 3 switched to datafile copy
  160. input datafile copy RECID=5 STAMP=871067691 file name=/home/oradata/pwerdes/undotbs01.dbf
  161. datafile 4 switched to datafile copy
  162. input datafile copy RECID=6 STAMP=871067691 file name=/home/oradata/pwerdes/users01.dbf
  163. datafile 6 switched to datafile copy
  164. input datafile copy RECID=7 STAMP=871067691 file name=/home/oradata/pwerdes/plas01.dbf
  165. datafile 7 switched to datafile copy
  166. input datafile copy RECID=8 STAMP=871067691 file name=/home/oradata/pwerdes/pl01.dbf
  167. datafile 8 switched to datafile copy
  168. input datafile copy RECID=9 STAMP=871067691 file name=/home/oradata/pwerdes/help01.dbf
  169. datafile 9 switched to datafile copy
  170. input datafile copy RECID=10 STAMP=871067692 file name=/home/oradata/pwerdes/adobelc01.dbf
  171. datafile 10 switched to datafile copy
  172. input datafile copy RECID=11 STAMP=871067692 file name=/home/oradata/pwerdes/sms01.dbf


  175. contents of Memory Script:
  176. {
  177.    set until scn 10903678943;
  178.    recover
  179.    standby
  180.    clone database
  181.     delete archivelog
  182.    ;
  183. }
  184. executing Memory Script


  187. executing command: SET until clause


  190. Starting recover at 07-FEB-15


  193. starting media recovery


  196. archived log for thread 1 with sequence 302 is already on disk as file /oracle/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/archivelog/1_302_870804216.dbf
  197. archived log file name=/oracle/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/archivelog/1_302_870804216.dbf thread=1 sequence=302
  198. media recovery complete, elapsed time: 00:00:00
  199. Finished recover at 07-FEB-15
  200. Finished Duplicate Db at 07-FEB-15


  203. released channel: c1


  206. released channel: c2


  209. RMAN> exit



3.7  standby上修改參數文件
先關閉oracle
shutdown immediate
然后開始修改參數文件
cd  $ORACLE_HOME/dbs 
vim initpowerdes.ora
# 主要是修改db_unique_name
*.db_unique_name='pdunq_dg'
*.diagnostic_dest='/oracle/app/oracle'
*.dispatchers='(PROTOCOL=TCP) (SERVICE=powerdesXDB)'
*.fal_client='PD1'
*.fal_server='PD2'
*.global_names=FALSE
*.job_queue_processes=1000
*.log_archive_config='DG_CONFIG=(pdunq,pddgunq)'
重新創建參數文件
create spfile from pfile;


3.8 啟動數據庫
startup nomount;
alter database mount standby database;
alter database add standby logfile;
alter database add standby logfile;
alter database add standby logfile;
alter database recover managed standby database using current logfile disconnect from session;


4，檢查看到歸檔沒有過來
SQL> archive log list;
Database log mode       Archive Mode
Automatic archival       Enabled
Archive destination       ?/dbs/arch
Oldest online log sequence     0
Next log sequence to archive   0
Current log sequence       0
SQL> 
看到歸檔信息為0，說明primary上的redo日志沒有傳到standby上來。


4.1，查看alert日志
[oracle@powerlong5 trace]$ tail -f /oracle/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/pdunq_dg/powerdes/trace/alert_powerdes.log 
MRP0 started with pid=41, OS id=21243 
MRP0: Background Managed Standby Recovery process started (powerdes)
 started logmerger process
Sat Feb 07 20:12:18 2015
Managed Standby Recovery not using Real Time Apply
Parallel Media Recovery started with 4 slaves
Waiting for all non-current ORLs to be archived...
All non-current ORLs have been archived.
Media Recovery Waiting for thread 1 sequence 303
Completed: alter database recover managed standby database disconnect from session


 查看日志傳輸情況
    select sequence#,first_time,next_time from v$archived_log;
SELECT sequence#,to_char(first_time,'yyyy-mm-dd hh24:mi:ss') first_time,to_char(next_time,'yyyy-mm-dd hh24:mi:ss') next_time from v$archived_log;
primary :

問題分析解決：
primary主庫上的alert日志有錯：
Error 12154 received logging on to the standby
Errors in file /oracle/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/pdunq/powerdes/trace/powerdes_arc2_22609.trc:
ORA-12154: TNS:could not resolve the connect identifier specified
PING[ARC2]: Heartbeat failed to connect to standby 'pdunq_dg'. Error is 12154.
錯誤很清晰了，主庫無法檢測到從庫存在
tns 12154 錯誤，主庫無法 tnsping pdunq_dg 
tnsping standby庫報錯
[oracle@powerlong4 admin]$ tnsping pdunq_dg


TNS Ping Utility for Linux: Version 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on 08-FEB-2015 21:42:26


Copyright (c) 1997, 2009, Oracle.  All rights reserved.


Used parameter files:


TNS-03505: Failed to resolve name
[oracle@powerlong4 admin]$


參數文件里面
*.log_archive_dest_2='SERVICE=pdunq_dg  lgwr sync affirm VALID_FOR=(ONLINE_LOGFILES,PRIMARY_ROLE) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=pdunq_dg'
SERVICE=pdunq_dg 要和tnsnames.ora里面的保持一致。



4.2，去tnsnames.ora里面修改配置
去把tnsnames.ora里面的改成pdunq_dg即可。
重啟lsnrctl，然后查看從庫歸檔日志，有日志了，如下所示：
SQL> archive log list;
Database log mode       Archive Mode
Automatic archival       Enabled
Archive destination       USE_DB_RECOVERY_FILE_DEST
Oldest online log sequence     350
Next log sequence to archive   0
Current log sequence       351
SQL>

備庫切換到open狀態：
退出redo應用狀態
SQL> alter database recover managed standby database cancel;
Database altered.
PS：停止standby的redo應用 ALTER DATABASE RECOVER MANAGED STANDBY DATABASE CANCEL;注意，此時只是暫時redo 應用，並不是停止Standby 數據庫，standby 仍會保持接收只不過不會再應用接收到的歸檔，直到你再次啟動redo 應用為止。類似mysql里面的stop slave功能;


打開standby上的oracle庫
SQL> alter database open;
Database altered. 
再應用redo日志
SQL> alter database recover managed standby database using current logfile disconnect ; 
Database altered.
SQL>

去primary、standby庫上面執行檢查
SQL> select sequence#,applied from v$archived_log;


查看最新的scn：
SQL> select max(sequence#) from v$archived_log;


primary和standby都保持一致，OK，dataguard搭建完成。


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