web自動化中的三種切換--窗口切換

1、窗口切換

• 獲取打開的窗口句柄總數，返回的是一個列表

　　　　handles=driver.window_handles

• 切換到最新的窗口句柄

　　　　driver.switch_to.window(handles[-1])

• 操作代碼如下：

import time
from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.support import expected_conditions as EC
from selenium.webdriver.support.wait import WebDriverWait
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
# 窗口切換操作
driver=webdriver.Chrome()
# 訪問一個網頁
driver.get("https://www.baidu.com")
driver.maximize_window()
driver.find_element_by_id('kw').send_keys("檸檬班")
driver.find_element_by_id('su').click()
WebDriverWait(driver,30).until(EC.visibility_of_element_located((By.XPATH,'//a[contains(text(),"吧_百度貼吧")]')))
driver.find_element_by_xpath('//a[contains(text(),"吧_百度貼吧")]').click()
time.sleep(0.5)#等待0.5秒，確定點擊的網頁都打開
# 獲得打開瀏覽器的句柄,返回的是列表
handles=driver.window_handles
print(handles)
driver.switch_to.window(handles[-1])
# 打印當前句柄
print(driver.current_window_handle)
# :Args:    driver.switch_to.window(window_name)
#          - window_name: The name or window handle of the window to switch to.
WebDriverWait(driver,20).until(EC.visibility_of_element_located((By.XPATH,"//div[@id='signstar_wrapper']//a[@title='簽到']")))#等待元素出現
driver.find_element_by_xpath("//div[@id='signstar_wrapper']//a[@title='簽到']").click()
WebDriverWait(driver,20).until(EC.visibility_of_element_located((By.ID,"TANGRAM__PSP_11__footerULoginBtn")))
driver.find_element_by_id('TANGRAM__PSP_11__footerULoginBtn').click()
driver.find_element_by_id('TANGRAM__PSP_5__closeBtn').click()

2、判斷新的窗口是否已經打開使用 

　　EC.new_window_is_opened(current_handles)

　　操作代碼如下：

　　

import time
from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.support import expected_conditions as EC
from selenium.webdriver.support.wait import WebDriverWait
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
# 窗口切換操作
driver=webdriver.Chrome()
# 訪問一個網頁
driver.get("https://www.baidu.com")
driver.maximize_window()
driver.find_element_by_id('kw').send_keys("檸檬班")
driver.find_element_by_id('su').click()
WebDriverWait(driver,30).until(EC.visibility_of_element_located((By.XPATH,'//a[contains(text(),"吧_百度貼吧")]')))
# 獲取打開新頁面之前的窗口總的句柄
handles=driver.window_handles
driver.find_element_by_xpath('//a[contains(text(),"吧_百度貼吧")]').click()
time.sleep(0.5)#等待0.5秒，確定點擊的網頁都打開
# 等待新頁面打開
WebDriverWait(driver,20).until(EC.new_window_is_opened(handles))
# 獲得打開瀏覽器的句柄,返回的是列表
handles=driver.window_handles
print(handles)
# 切換到新的句柄
driver.switch_to.window(handles[-1])
# 打印當前句柄
print(driver.current_window_handle)
# :Args:    driver.switch_to.window(window_name)
#          - window_name: The name or window handle of the window to switch to.
WebDriverWait(driver,20).until(EC.visibility_of_element_located((By.XPATH,"//div[@id='signstar_wrapper']//a[@title='簽到']")))#等待元素出現
driver.find_element_by_xpath("//div[@id='signstar_wrapper']//a[@title='簽到']").click()
WebDriverWait(driver,20).until(EC.visibility_of_element_located((By.ID,"TANGRAM__PSP_11__footerULoginBtn")))
driver.find_element_by_id('TANGRAM__PSP_11__footerULoginBtn').click()
driver.find_element_by_id('TANGRAM__PSP_5__closeBtn').click()