運行一個nodejs服務，先發布為deployment，然后創建service，讓集群外可以訪問

問題來源

海口-老男人 17:42:43
就是我要運行一個nodejs服務，先發布為deployment，然后創建service，讓集群外可以訪問

舊報紙 17:43:35
也就是 你的需求為 一個app 用delployment 發布 然后service 然后 代理 對吧

解決方案：

部署traefik 
發布deployment pod
創建service
traefik 代理service
外部訪問

環境

docker 19.03.5

kubernetes 1.17.2

traefik部署

為什么選擇 traefik，拋棄nginx:

https://www.php.cn/nginx/422461.html

特別說明：traefik 2.1 版本更新了灰色發布和流量復制功能  為容器/微服務而生  

traefik 官網寫的都很不錯了   附帶一篇 快速入門博文：https://www.qikqiak.com/post/traefik-2.1-101/
建議部署traefik  不要用上述鏈接的方案

注意：這里 Traefik 是部署在 assembly Namespace 下，如果不是需要修改下面部署文件中的 Namespace 屬性。

traefik-crd.yaml

在 traefik v2.1 版本后，開始使用 CRD（Custom Resource Definition）來完成路由配置等，所以需要提前創建 CRD 資源。

# cat traefik-crd.yaml 
##########################################################################
#Author:                     zisefeizhu
#QQ:                         2********0
#Date:                       2020-03-16
#FileName:                   traefik-crd.yaml
#URL:                        https://www.cnblogs.com/zisefeizhu/
#Description:                The test script
#Copyright (C):              2020 All rights reserved
###########################################################################
## IngressRoute
apiVersion: apiextensions.k8s.io/v1beta1
kind: CustomResourceDefinition
metadata:
  name: ingressroutes.traefik.containo.us
spec:
  scope: Namespaced
  group: traefik.containo.us
  version: v1alpha1
  names:
    kind: IngressRoute
    plural: ingressroutes
    singular: ingressroute
---
## IngressRouteTCP
apiVersion: apiextensions.k8s.io/v1beta1
kind: CustomResourceDefinition
metadata:
  name: ingressroutetcps.traefik.containo.us
spec:
  scope: Namespaced
  group: traefik.containo.us
  version: v1alpha1
  names:
    kind: IngressRouteTCP
    plural: ingressroutetcps
    singular: ingressroutetcp
---
## Middleware
apiVersion: apiextensions.k8s.io/v1beta1
kind: CustomResourceDefinition
metadata:
  name: middlewares.traefik.containo.us
spec:
  scope: Namespaced
  group: traefik.containo.us
  version: v1alpha1
  names:
    kind: Middleware
    plural: middlewares
    singular: middleware
---
## TLSOption
apiVersion: apiextensions.k8s.io/v1beta1
kind: CustomResourceDefinition
metadata:
  name: tlsoptions.traefik.containo.us
spec:
  scope: Namespaced
  group: traefik.containo.us
  version: v1alpha1
  names:
    kind: TLSOption
    plural: tlsoptions
    singular: tlsoption
---
## TraefikService
apiVersion: apiextensions.k8s.io/v1beta1
kind: CustomResourceDefinition
metadata:
  name: traefikservices.traefik.containo.us
spec:
  scope: Namespaced
  group: traefik.containo.us
  version: v1alpha1
  names:
    kind: TraefikService
    plural: traefikservices
    singular: traefikservice

創建RBAC權限

Traefik 需要一定的權限，所以這里提前創建好 Traefik ServiceAccount 並分配一定的權限。

# cat traefik-rbac.yaml 
##########################################################################
#Author:                     zisefeizhu
#QQ:                         2********0
#Date:                       2020-03-16
#FileName:                   traefik-rbac.yaml
#URL:                        https://www.cnblogs.com/zisefeizhu/
#Description:                The test script
#Copyright (C):              2020 All rights reserved
###########################################################################
## ServiceAccount
apiVersion: v1
kind: ServiceAccount
metadata:
  namespace: kube-system
  name: traefik-ingress-controller
---
## ClusterRole
kind: ClusterRole
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1beta1
metadata:
  name: traefik-ingress-controller
rules:
  - apiGroups: [""]
    resources: ["services","endpoints","secrets"]
    verbs: ["get","list","watch"]
  - apiGroups: ["extensions"]
    resources: ["ingresses"]
    verbs: ["get","list","watch"]
  - apiGroups: ["extensions"]
    resources: ["ingresses/status"]
    verbs: ["update"]
  - apiGroups: ["traefik.containo.us"]
    resources: ["middlewares"]
    verbs: ["get","list","watch"]
  - apiGroups: ["traefik.containo.us"]
    resources: ["ingressroutes"]
    verbs: ["get","list","watch"]
  - apiGroups: ["traefik.containo.us"]
    resources: ["ingressroutetcps"]
    verbs: ["get","list","watch"]
  - apiGroups: ["traefik.containo.us"]
    resources: ["tlsoptions"]
    verbs: ["get","list","watch"]
  - apiGroups: ["traefik.containo.us"]
    resources: ["traefikservices"]
    verbs: ["get","list","watch"]
---
## ClusterRoleBinding
kind: ClusterRoleBinding
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1beta1
metadata:
  name: traefik-ingress-controller
roleRef:
  apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
  kind: ClusterRole
  name: traefik-ingress-controller
subjects:
  - kind: ServiceAccount
    name: traefik-ingress-controller
    namespace: kube-system

創建traefik配置文件

由於 Traefik 配置很多，通過 CLI 定義不是很方便，一般時候選擇將其配置選項放到配置文件中，然后存入 ConfigMap，將其掛入 traefik 中。

traefik-config.yaml

# cat traefik-config.yaml 
##########################################################################
#Author:                     zisefeizhu
#QQ:                         2********0
#Date:                       2020-03-16
#FileName:                   traefik-config.yaml
#URL:                        https://www.cnblogs.com/zisefeizhu/
#Description:                The test script
#Copyright (C):              2020 All rights reserved
###########################################################################
kind: ConfigMap
apiVersion: v1
metadata:
  name: traefik-config
  namespace: kube-system
data:
  traefik.yaml: |-
    ping: ""                    ## 啟用 Ping
    serversTransport:
      insecureSkipVerify: true  ## Traefik 忽略驗證代理服務的 TLS 證書
    api:
      insecure: true            ## 允許 HTTP 方式訪問 API
      dashboard: true           ## 啟用 Dashboard
      debug: false              ## 啟用 Debug 調試模式
    metrics:
      prometheus: ""            ## 配置 Prometheus 監控指標數據，並使用默認配置
    entryPoints:
      web:
        address: ":80"          ## 配置 80 端口，並設置入口名稱為 web
      websecure:
        address: ":443"         ## 配置 443 端口，並設置入口名稱為 websecure
      redis:
        address: ":663"
    providers:
      kubernetesCRD: ""         ## 啟用 Kubernetes CRD 方式來配置路由規則
      kubernetesIngress: ""     ## 啟動 Kubernetes Ingress 方式來配置路由規則
    log:
      filePath: ""              ## 設置調試日志文件存儲路徑，如果為空則輸出到控制台
      level: error              ## 設置調試日志級別
      format: json              ## 設置調試日志格式
    accessLog:
      filePath: ""              ## 設置訪問日志文件存儲路徑，如果為空則輸出到控制台
      format: json              ## 設置訪問調試日志格式
      bufferingSize: 0          ## 設置訪問日志緩存行數
      filters:
        #statusCodes: ["200"]   ## 設置只保留指定狀態碼范圍內的訪問日志
        retryAttempts: true     ## 設置代理訪問重試失敗時，保留訪問日志
        minDuration: 20         ## 設置保留請求時間超過指定持續時間的訪問日志
      fields:                   ## 設置訪問日志中的字段是否保留（keep 保留、drop 不保留）
        defaultMode: keep       ## 設置默認保留訪問日志字段
        names:                  ## 針對訪問日志特別字段特別配置保留模式
          ClientUsername: drop  
        headers:                ## 設置 Header 中字段是否保留
          defaultMode: keep     ## 設置默認保留 Header 中字段
          names:                ## 針對 Header 中特別字段特別配置保留模式
            User-Agent: redact
            Authorization: drop
            Content-Type: keep

關鍵配置部分

  entryPoints:
      web:
        address: ":80"          ## 配置 80 端口，並設置入口名稱為 web
      websecure:
        address: ":443"         ## 配置 443 端口，並設置入口名稱為 websecure
      redis:
        address: ":6379"        ## 配置 6379 端口，並設置入口名稱為 redis 

部署traefik

采用daemonset這種方式部署Traefik，所以需要提前給節點設置 Label，這樣當程序部署時 Pod 會自動調度到設置 Label 的節點上

traefik-deploy.yaml

kubectl label nodes 20.0.0.202 IngressProxy=true

#cat traefik-deploy.yaml 
##########################################################################
#Author:                     zisefeizhu
#QQ:                         2********0
#Date:                       2020-03-16
#FileName:                   traefik-deploy.yaml
#URL:                        https://www.cnblogs.com/zisefeizhu/
#Description:                The test script
#Copyright (C):              2020 All rights reserved
###########################################################################
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
  name: traefik
  namespace: kube-system
spec:
  type: NodePort
  ports:
    - name: web
      port: 80
    - name: websecure
      port: 443
    - name: admin
      port: 8080
    - name: redis
    	port: 6379
  selector:
    app: traefik
---
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: DaemonSet
metadata:
  name: traefik-ingress-controller
  namespace: kube-system
  labels:
    app: traefik
spec:
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      app: traefik
  template:
    metadata:
      name: traefik
      labels:
        app: traefik
    spec:
      serviceAccountName: traefik-ingress-controller
      terminationGracePeriodSeconds: 1
      containers:
        - image: traefik:v2.1.2
          name: traefik-ingress-lb
          ports:
            - name: web
              containerPort: 80
              hostPort: 80         ## 將容器端口綁定所在服務器的 80 端口
            - name: websecure
              containerPort: 443
              hostPort: 443        ## 將容器端口綁定所在服務器的 443 端口
            - name: redis
              containerPort: 6379
              hostPort: 6379
            - name: admin
              containerPort: 8080  ## Traefik Dashboard 端口
          resources:
            limits:
              cpu: 2000m
              memory: 1024Mi
            requests:
              cpu: 1000m
              memory: 1024Mi
          securityContext:
            capabilities:
              drop:
                - ALL
              add:
                - NET_BIND_SERVICE
          args:
            - --configfile=/config/traefik.yaml
          volumeMounts:
            - mountPath: "/config"
              name: "config"
      volumes:
        - name: config
          configMap:
            name: traefik-config 
      tolerations:              ## 設置容忍所有污點，防止節點被設置污點
        - operator: "Exists"
      nodeSelector:             ## 設置node篩選器，在特定label的節點上啟動
        IngressProxy: "true"      

Traefik2.1 應用已經部署完成，但是想讓外部訪問 Kubernetes 內部服務，還需要配置路由規則，這里開啟了 Traefik Dashboard 配置，所以首先配置 Traefik Dashboard 看板的路由規則，使外部能夠訪問 Traefik Dashboard。

部署traefik dashboard

# cat traefik-dashboard-route.yaml 
##########################################################################
#Author:                     zisefeizhu
#QQ:                         2********0
#Date:                       2020-03-16
#FileName:                   traefik-dashboard-route.yaml
#URL:                        https://www.cnblogs.com/zisefeizhu/
#Description:                The test script
#Copyright (C):              2020 All rights reserved
###########################################################################
apiVersion: traefik.containo.us/v1alpha1
kind: IngressRoute
metadata:
  name: traefik-dashboard-route
  namespace: kube-system
spec:
  entryPoints:
    - web
  routes:
    - match: Host(`traefik.linux.com`)
      kind: Rule
      services:
        - name: traefik
          port: 8080

本地host解析

其實到這里 已經能基本看出traefik是如何進行代理的了

apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
  name: traefik
  namespace: kube-system
spec:
  type: NodePort
  ports:
    - name: web
      port: 80
    - name: websecure
      port: 443
    - name: admin
      port: 8080
  selector:
    app: traefik


apiVersion: traefik.containo.us/v1alpha1
kind: IngressRoute
metadata:
  name: traefik-dashboard-route
  namespace: kube-system
spec:
  entryPoints:
    - web     //入口
  routes: 
    - match: Host(`traefik.linux.com`)   //外部訪問域名
      kind: Rule
      services:
        - name: traefik  //service.selector
          port: 8080     //service.ports

代理一個deployment pod

問題要求是: 部署一個app 用delployment 發布 然后service 然后 代理

​ 端口是3009

那這里就用個應用實驗吧 這里我隨便用個prometheus 應用吧

[root@bs-k8s-master01 prometheus]# cat prometheus-cm.yaml 
##########################################################################
#Author:                     zisefeizhu
#QQ:                         2********0
#Date:                       2020-03-20
#FileName:                   prometheus-cm.yaml
#URL:                        https://www.cnblogs.com/zisefeizhu/
#Description:                The test script
#Copyright (C):              2020 All rights reserved
###########################################################################
apiVersion: v1
kind: ConfigMap
metadata:
  name: prometheus-config
  namespace: assembly
data:
  prometheus.yml: |
    global:
      scrape_interval: 15s
      scrape_timeout: 15s
    alerting:
      alertmanagers:
      - static_configs:
        - targets: ["alertmanager-svc:9093"]
   
    rule_files:
    -  /etc/prometheus/rules.yaml

    scrape_configs:
    - job_name: 'prometheus'
      static_configs:
      - targets: ['localhost:9090']
    - job_name: 'traefik'
      static_configs:
        - targets: ['traefik.kube-system.svc.cluster.local:8080']
    - job_name: "kubernetes-nodes"
      kubernetes_sd_configs:
      - role: node
      relabel_configs:
      - source_labels: [__address__]
        regex: '(.*):10250'
        replacement: '${1}:9100'
        target_label: __address__
        action: replace
      - action: labelmap
        regex: __meta_kubernetes_node_label_(.+)
    - job_name: 'kubernetes-kubelet'
      kubernetes_sd_configs:
      - role: node
      scheme: https
      tls_config:
        ca_file: /var/run/secrets/kubernetes.io/serviceaccount/ca.crt
        insecure_skip_verify: true
      bearer_token_file: /var/run/secrets/kubernetes.io/serviceaccount/token
      relabel_configs:
      - action: labelmap
        regex: __meta_kubernetes_node_label_(.+)

    - job_name: "kubernetes-apiserver"
      kubernetes_sd_configs:
      - role: endpoints
      scheme: https
      tls_config:
        ca_file: /var/run/secrets/kubernetes.io/serviceaccount/ca.crt
      bearer_token_file: /var/run/secrets/kubernetes.io/serviceaccount/token
      relabel_configs: 
      - source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_namespace, __meta_kubernetes_service_name, __meta_kubernetes_endpoint_port_name]
        action: keep
        regex: default;kubernetes;https
    - job_name: "kubernetes-scheduler"
      kubernetes_sd_configs:
      - role: endpoints

    - job_name: 'kubernetes-cadvisor'
      kubernetes_sd_configs:
      - role: node
      scheme: https
      tls_config:
        ca_file: /var/run/secrets/kubernetes.io/serviceaccount/ca.crt
      bearer_token_file: /var/run/secrets/kubernetes.io/serviceaccount/token
      relabel_configs:
      - action: labelmap
        regex: __meta_kubernetes_node_label_(.+)
      - target_label: __address__
        replacement: kubernetes.default.svc:443
      - source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_node_name]
        regex: (.+)
        target_label: __metrics_path__
        replacement: /api/v1/nodes/${1}/proxy/metrics/cadvisor     

    - job_name: 'kubernetes-service-endpoints'
      kubernetes_sd_configs:
      - role: endpoints
      relabel_configs:
      - source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_service_annotation_prometheus_io_scrape]
        action: keep
        regex: true
      - source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_service_annotation_prometheus_io_scheme]
        action: replace
        target_label: __scheme__
        regex: (https?)
      - source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_service_annotation_prometheus_io_path]
        action: replace
        target_label: __metrics_path__
        regex: (.+)
      - source_labels: [__address__, __meta_kubernetes_service_annotation_prometheus_io_port]
        action: replace
        target_label: __address__
        regex: ([^:]+)(?::\d+)?;(\d+)
        replacement: $1:$2
      - action: labelmap
        regex: __meta_kubernetes_service_label_(.+)
      - source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_namespace]
        action: replace
        target_label: kubernetes_namespace
      - source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_service_name]
        action: replace
        target_label: kubernetes_name

  rules.yaml: |
    groups:
    - name: test-rule 
      rules:
      - alert: NodeMemoryUsage
        expr: (sum(node_memory_MemTotal_bytes) - sum(node_memory_MemFree_bytes + node_memory_Buffers_bytes+node_memory_Cached_bytes)) / sum(node_memory_MemTotal_bytes) * 100 > 5
        for: 2m
        labels:
          team: node
        annotations:
          summary: "{{$labels.instance}}: High Memory usage detected"
          description: "{{$labels.instance}}: Memory usage is above 80% (current value is: {{ $value }}" 
[root@bs-k8s-master01 prometheus]# cat prometheus-rbac.yaml 
##########################################################################
#Author:                     zisefeizhu
#QQ:                         2********0
#Date:                       2020-03-20
#FileName:                   prometheus-rbac.yaml
#URL:                        https://www.cnblogs.com/zisefeizhu/
#Description:                The test script
#Copyright (C):              2020 All rights reserved
###########################################################################
apiVersion: v1
kind: ServiceAccount
metadata:
  name: prometheus
  namespace: assembly
---
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
kind: ClusterRole
metadata:
  name: prometheus
rules:
- apiGroups:
  - ""
  resources:
  - nodes
  - services
  - endpoints
  - pods
  - nodes/proxy
  verbs:
  - get
  - list
  - watch
- apiGroups:
  - ""
  resources:
  - configmaps
  - nodes/metrics
  verbs:
  - get
- nonResourceURLs:
  - /metrics
  verbs:
  - get
---
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1beta1
kind: ClusterRoleBinding
metadata:
  name: prometheus
roleRef:
  apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
  kind: ClusterRole
  name: prometheus
subjects:
- kind: ServiceAccount
  name: prometheus
  namespace: assembly

# cat prometheus-deploy.yaml 
##########################################################################
#Author:                     zisefeizhu
#QQ:                         2********0
#Date:                       2020-03-20
#FileName:                   prometheus-deploy.yaml
#URL:                        https://www.cnblogs.com/zisefeizhu/
#Description:                The test script
#Copyright (C):              2020 All rights reserved
###########################################################################
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
  name: prometheus
  namespace: assembly
  labels:
    app: prometheus
spec:
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      app: prometheus
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        app: prometheus
    spec:
      imagePullSecrets: 
        - name: k8s-harbor-login
      serviceAccountName: prometheus
      containers:
      - image: harbor.linux.com/prometheus/prometheus:v2.4.3
        name: prometheus
        command:
        - "/bin/prometheus"
        args:
        - "--config.file=/etc/prometheus/prometheus.yml"
        - "--storage.tsdb.path=/prometheus"
        - "--storage.tsdb.retention=24h"
        - "--web.enable-admin-api"  # 控制對admin HTTP API的訪問，其中包括刪除時間序列等功能
        - "--web.enable-lifecycle"  # 支持熱更新，直接執行localhost:9090/-/reload立即生效
        ports:
        - containerPort: 9090
          protocol: TCP
          name: http
        volumeMounts:
        - mountPath: "/prometheus"
          subPath: prometheus
          name: data
        - mountPath: "/etc/prometheus"
          name: config-volume
        resources:
          requests:
            cpu: 100m
            memory: 512Mi
          limits:
            cpu: 100m
            memory: 512Mi
      securityContext:
        runAsUser: 0
      volumes:
      - name: data
        persistentVolumeClaim:
          claimName: prometheus-pvc
      - configMap:
          name: prometheus-config
        name: config-volume
      nodeSelector:             ## 設置node篩選器，在特定label的節點上啟動
        prometheus: "true"  
[root@bs-k8s-master01 prometheus]# cat prometheus-svc.yaml 
##########################################################################
#Author:                     zisefeizhu
#QQ:                         2********0
#Date:                       2020-03-20
#FileName:                   prometheus-svc.yaml
#URL:                        https://www.cnblogs.com/zisefeizhu/
#Description:                The test script
#Copyright (C):              2020 All rights reserved
###########################################################################
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
  name: prometheus
  namespace: assembly
  labels:
    app: prometheus
spec:
  selector:
    app: prometheus
  type: NodePort
  ports:
    - name: web
      port: 9090
      targetPort: http
[root@bs-k8s-master01 prometheus]# cat prometheus-ingressroute.yaml 
##########################################################################
#Author:                     zisefeizhu
#QQ:                         2********0
#Date:                       2020-03-20
#FileName:                   prometheus-ingressroute.yaml
#URL:                        https://www.cnblogs.com/zisefeizhu/
#Description:                The test script
#Copyright (C):              2020 All rights reserved
###########################################################################
apiVersion: traefik.containo.us/v1alpha1
kind: IngressRoute
metadata:
  name: prometheus
  namespace: assembly
spec:
  entryPoints:
    - web
  routes:
  - match: Host(`prometheus.linux.com`)
    kind: Rule
    services:
    - name: prometheus
      port: 9090

驗證

顯然已經代理成功了 本地hosts解析

還是沒得問題的