Spring Boot JPA中使用@Entity和@Table
本文中我們會講解如何在Spring Boot JPA中實現class和數據表格的映射。
默認實現
Spring Boot JPA底層是用Hibernate實現的,默認情況下,數據庫表格的名字是相應的class名字的首字母大寫。命名的定義是通過接口ImplicitNamingStrategy來定義的:
/** * Determine the implicit name of an entity's primary table. * * @param source The source information * * @return The implicit table name. */
public Identifier determinePrimaryTableName(ImplicitEntityNameSource source);
我們看下它的實現ImplicitNamingStrategyJpaCompliantImpl:
@Override
public Identifier determinePrimaryTableName(ImplicitEntityNameSource source) {
if ( source == null ) {
// should never happen, but to be defensive...
throw new HibernateException( "Entity naming information was not provided." );
}
String tableName = transformEntityName( source.getEntityNaming() );
if ( tableName == null ) {
// todo : add info to error message - but how to know what to write since we failed to interpret the naming source
throw new HibernateException( "Could not determine primary table name for entity" );
}
return toIdentifier( tableName, source.getBuildingContext() );
}
如果我們需要修改系統的默認實現,則可以實現接口PhysicalNamingStrategy:
public interface PhysicalNamingStrategy {
public Identifier toPhysicalCatalogName(Identifier name, JdbcEnvironment jdbcEnvironment);
public Identifier toPhysicalSchemaName(Identifier name, JdbcEnvironment jdbcEnvironment);
public Identifier toPhysicalTableName(Identifier name, JdbcEnvironment jdbcEnvironment);
public Identifier toPhysicalSequenceName(Identifier name, JdbcEnvironment jdbcEnvironment);
public Identifier toPhysicalColumnName(Identifier name, JdbcEnvironment jdbcEnvironment);
}
使用@Table自定義表格名字
我們可以在@Entity中使用@Table來自定義映射的表格名字:
@Entity
@Table(name = "ARTICLES")
public class Article {
// ...
}
當然,我們可以將整個名字寫在靜態變量中:
@Entity
@Table(name = Article.TABLE_NAME)
public class Article {
public static final String TABLE_NAME= "ARTICLES";
// ...
}
在JPQL Queries中重寫表格名字
通常我們在@Query中使用JPQL時可以這樣用:
@Query(“select * from Article”)
其中Article默認是Entity類的Class名稱,我們也可以這樣來修改它:
@Entity(name = "MyArticle")
這時候我們可以這樣定義JPQL:
@Query(“select * from MyArticle”)
更多教程請參考 flydean的博客