Spring Boot JPA中使用@Entity和@Table



Spring Boot JPA中使用@Entity和@Table

本文中我們會講解如何在Spring Boot JPA中實現class和數據表格的映射。

默認實現

Spring Boot JPA底層是用Hibernate實現的,默認情況下,數據庫表格的名字是相應的class名字的首字母大寫。命名的定義是通過接口ImplicitNamingStrategy來定義的:

	/** * Determine the implicit name of an entity's primary table. * * @param source The source information * * @return The implicit table name. */
	public Identifier determinePrimaryTableName(ImplicitEntityNameSource source);

我們看下它的實現ImplicitNamingStrategyJpaCompliantImpl:

	@Override
	public Identifier determinePrimaryTableName(ImplicitEntityNameSource source) {
		if ( source == null ) {
			// should never happen, but to be defensive...
			throw new HibernateException( "Entity naming information was not provided." );
		}

		String tableName = transformEntityName( source.getEntityNaming() );

		if ( tableName == null ) {
			// todo : add info to error message - but how to know what to write since we failed to interpret the naming source
			throw new HibernateException( "Could not determine primary table name for entity" );
		}

		return toIdentifier( tableName, source.getBuildingContext() );
	}

如果我們需要修改系統的默認實現,則可以實現接口PhysicalNamingStrategy:

public interface PhysicalNamingStrategy {
	public Identifier toPhysicalCatalogName(Identifier name, JdbcEnvironment jdbcEnvironment);

	public Identifier toPhysicalSchemaName(Identifier name, JdbcEnvironment jdbcEnvironment);

	public Identifier toPhysicalTableName(Identifier name, JdbcEnvironment jdbcEnvironment);

	public Identifier toPhysicalSequenceName(Identifier name, JdbcEnvironment jdbcEnvironment);

	public Identifier toPhysicalColumnName(Identifier name, JdbcEnvironment jdbcEnvironment);
}

使用@Table自定義表格名字

我們可以在@Entity中使用@Table來自定義映射的表格名字:

@Entity
@Table(name = "ARTICLES")
public class Article {
    // ...
}

當然,我們可以將整個名字寫在靜態變量中:

@Entity
@Table(name = Article.TABLE_NAME)
public class Article {
    public static final String TABLE_NAME= "ARTICLES";
    // ...
}

在JPQL Queries中重寫表格名字

通常我們在@Query中使用JPQL時可以這樣用:

@Query(“select * from Article”)

其中Article默認是Entity類的Class名稱,我們也可以這樣來修改它:

@Entity(name = "MyArticle")

這時候我們可以這樣定義JPQL:

@Query(“select * from MyArticle”)

更多教程請參考 flydean的博客


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