等高布局是指子元素在父元素中高度相等的布局方式。等高布局的實現包括偽等高和真等高,偽等高只是看上去等高而已,真等高是實實在在的等高。本文將介紹邊框模擬、負margin這兩種偽等高以及table實現、absolute實現、flex實現、grid實現和js判斷這五種真等高布局
1.邊框模擬(偽等高)
因為元素邊框和元素高度始終是相同高度,用元素的邊框顏色來偽裝左右兩個兄弟元素的背景色。然后將左右兩個透明背景的元素使用absolute覆蓋在中間元素的左右邊框上,實現視覺上的等高效果
[注意]左右兩側元素的內容高度不能大於中間元素內容高度,否則無法撐開容器高度
<style> body,p{margin: 0;} .parent{ position: relative; } .center{ box-sizing:border-box; padding: 0 20px; background-clip: content-box; border-left: 210px solid lightblue; border-right: 310px solid lightgreen; } .left{ position: absolute; top: 0; left: 0; width: 200px; } .right{ position: absolute; top: 0; right: 0; width: 300px; } </style>
<div class="parent" style="background-color: lightgrey;"> <div class="left"> <p>left</p> </div> <div class="center" style="background-color: pink;"> <p>center</p> <p>center</p> </div> <div class="right"> <p>right</p> </div> </div>
2。負margin(偽等高)
因為背景是在padding區域顯示的,設置一個大數值的padding-bottom,再設置相同數值的負的margin-bottom,使背景色鋪滿元素區域,又符合元素的盒模型的計算公式,實現視覺上的等高效果
[注意]如果頁面中使用<a>錨點跳轉時,將會隱藏部分文字信息
[注意]如果頁面中的背景圖片定位到底部,將會看不到背景圖片
<style> body,p{margin: 0;} .parent{ overflow: hidden; } .left,.centerWrap,.right{ float: left; width: 50%; padding-bottom: 9999px; margin-bottom: -9999px; } .center{ margin: 0 20px; } .left,.right{ width: 25%; } </style>
<div class="parent" style="background-color: lightgrey;"> <div class="left" style="background-color: lightblue;"> <p>left</p> </div> <div class="centerWrap"> <div class="center" style="background-color: pink;"> <p>center</p> <p>center</p> </div> </div> <div class="right" style="background-color: lightgreen;"> <p>right</p> </div> </div>
3.table(真等高)
table元素中的table-cell元素默認就是等高的
<style> body, p { margin: 0; } .parent { display: table; width: 100%; table-layout: fixed; } .left, .centerWrap, .right { display: table-cell; } .center { margin: 0 20px; } </style>
<div class="parent" style="background-color: lightgrey;"> <div class="left" style="background-color: lightblue;"> <p>left</p> </div> <div class="centerWrap"> <div class="center" style="background-color: pink;"> <p>center</p> <p>center</p> </div> </div> <div class="right" style="background-color: lightgreen;"> <p>right</p> </div> </div>
4.absolute(真等高)
設置子元素的top:0;bottom:0;使得所有子元素的高度都和父元素的高度相同,實現等高效果
<style> body,p{margin: 0;} .parent{ position: relative; height: 40px; } .left,.center,.right{ position: absolute; top: 0; bottom: 0; } .left{ left: 0; width: 100px; } .center{ left: 120px; right: 120px; } .right{ width: 100px; right: 0; } </style>
<div class="parent" style="background-color: lightgrey;"> <div class="left" style="background-color: lightblue;"> <p>left</p> </div> <div class="center" style="background-color: pink;"> <p>center</p> <p>center</p> </div> <div class="right" style="background-color: lightgreen;"> <p>right</p> </div> </div>
5.flex(真等高)
flex中的伸縮項目默認都拉伸為父元素的高度,也實現了等高效果
<style> body,p{margin: 0;} .parent{ display: flex; } .left,.center,.right{ flex: 1; } .center{ margin: 0 20px; } </style>
<div class="parent" style="background-color: lightgrey;"> <div class="left" style="background-color: lightblue;"> <p>left</p> </div> <div class="center" style="background-color: pink;"> <p>center</p> <p>center</p> </div> <div class="right" style="background-color: lightgreen;"> <p>right</p> </div> </div>
6.grid(真等高)
<style> body,p{margin: 0;} .parent{ display: grid; grid-auto-flow: column; grid-gap:20px; } </style>
<div class="parent" style="background-color: lightgrey;"> <div class="left" style="background-color: lightblue;"> <p>left</p> </div> <div class="center" style="background-color: pink;"> <p>center</p> <p>center</p> </div> <div class="right" style="background-color: lightgreen;"> <p>right</p> </div> </div>
7.js(真等高)
當子元素高度不同時,進行js判斷,增加較低子元素的padding-bottom,使得各個子元素實現等高效果
<style> body,p{margin: 0;} .parent{overflow: hidden;} .left,.center,.right{ float: left; width: 25%; } .center{ width: 50%; padding: 0 20px; background-clip: content-box; box-sizing: border-box; } </style>
<div class="parent" id="parent" style="background-color: lightgrey;"> <div class="left" style="background-color: lightblue;"> <p>left</p> </div> <div class="center" style="background-color: pink;"> <p>center</p> <p>center</p> </div> <div class="right" style="background-color: lightgreen;"> <p>right</p> </div> </div>
<script> function getCSS(obj,style){ if(window.getComputedStyle){ return getComputedStyle(obj)[style]; } return obj.currentStyle[style]; } var oParent = document.getElementById('parent'); var oLeft = oParent.getElementsByTagName('div')[0]; var oCenter = oParent.getElementsByTagName('div')[1]; var oRight = oParent.getElementsByTagName('div')[2]; function eqHeight(obj1,obj2){ var oDis = obj1.clientHeight - obj2.clientHeight; if(oDis > 0){ obj2.style.paddingBottom = parseFloat(getCSS(obj2,'padding-bottom')) + oDis + 'px'; }else{ obj1.style.paddingBottom = parseFloat(getCSS(obj1,'padding-bottom')) + Math.abs(oDis) + 'px'; } } eqHeight(oLeft,oCenter); eqHeight(oLeft,oRight); </script>
轉載於https://www.cnblogs.com/xiaohuochai/p/5457127.html