bytes 與 str 轉換

Python3 最重要的特性之一就是對 字符串 和 二進制字節 做了明確且嚴格的區分，之所以說嚴格，是指二者在任何情況下不能混用；

 

文本總是 Unicode，由字符串 str 表示；

二進制數據由 bytes 表示；

file1 = open('data.txt', 'r')
out1 = file1.read()
print(type(out1))       # <class 'str'>

### 以二進制方式讀取
file2 = open('data.txt', 'rb')
out2 = file2.read()
print(type(out2))       # <class 'bytes'>

# print(out1 + out2)      # TypeError: must be str, not bytes

 

二者相互轉換

b = b'hello'
s = 'world'

print(type(b))      # <class 'bytes'>
print(type(s))      # <class 'str'>


### btyes to str
# def __init__(self, value='', encoding=None, errors='strict')
bs1 = str(b, encoding='utf-8')

# def decode(self, *args, **kwargs)
bs2 = bytes.decode(b, encoding='utf-8')
print(type(bs1), type(bs2))         # <class 'str'> <class 'str'>


### str to bytes
# def __init__(self, value=b'', encoding=None, errors='strict')
sb1 = bytes(s, encoding='utf-8')

# def encode(self, encoding='utf-8', errors='strict')
sb2 = str.encode(s, encoding='utf-8')
print(type(sb1), type(sb2))         # <class 'bytes'> <class 'bytes'>

用圖總結轉換方法

 

 

 

 

 

參考資料：

https://www.ituring.com.cn/article/1116