給 EF Core 查詢增加 With NoLock
Intro
EF Core 在 3.x 版本中增加了 Interceptor
,使得我們可以在發生低級別數據庫操作時作為 EF Core 正常運行的一部分自動調用它們。 例如,打開連接、提交事務或執行命令時。
所以我們可以自定義一個 Interceptor
來記錄執行的 sql 語句,也可以通過 Interceptor
來實現 sql 語句的執行前的修改或者更准確的記錄 DbCommand 執行的耗時。
這里我們可以借助 Interceptor
實現對於查詢語句的修改,自動給查詢語句加 (WITH NOLOCK)
,WITH NOLOCK
等效於 READ UNCOMMITED
(讀未提交)的事務級別,這樣可能會造成一定的臟讀,但是從效率上而言,是比較高效的,不會因為別的事務長時間未提交導致查詢阻塞,所以對於大數據多事務的場景下,查詢 SQL 加 NOLOCK
還是比較有意義的
NoLockInterceptor
繼承 DbCommandInterceptor
,重寫查詢 sql 執行之前的操作,在執行查詢 sql 之前增加 WITH(NOLOCK)
,實現代碼如下:
public class QueryWithNoLockDbCommandInterceptor : DbCommandInterceptor
{
private static readonly Regex TableAliasRegex =
new Regex(@"(?<tableAlias>AS \[[a-zA-Z]\w*\](?! WITH \(NOLOCK\)))",
RegexOptions.Multiline | RegexOptions.Compiled | RegexOptions.IgnoreCase);
public override InterceptionResult<object> ScalarExecuting(DbCommand command, CommandEventData eventData, InterceptionResult<object> result)
{
command.CommandText = TableAliasRegex.Replace(
command.CommandText,
"${tableAlias} WITH (NOLOCK)"
);
return base.ScalarExecuting(command, eventData, result);
}
public override Task<InterceptionResult<object>> ScalarExecutingAsync(DbCommand command, CommandEventData eventData, InterceptionResult<object> result,
CancellationToken cancellationToken = new CancellationToken())
{
command.CommandText = TableAliasRegex.Replace(
command.CommandText,
"${tableAlias} WITH (NOLOCK)"
);
return base.ScalarExecutingAsync(command, eventData, result, cancellationToken);
}
public override InterceptionResult<DbDataReader> ReaderExecuting(DbCommand command, CommandEventData eventData, InterceptionResult<DbDataReader> result)
{
command.CommandText = TableAliasRegex.Replace(
command.CommandText,
"${tableAlias} WITH (NOLOCK)"
);
return result;
}
public override Task<InterceptionResult<DbDataReader>> ReaderExecutingAsync(DbCommand command, CommandEventData eventData, InterceptionResult<DbDataReader> result,
CancellationToken cancellationToken = new CancellationToken())
{
command.CommandText = TableAliasRegex.Replace(
command.CommandText,
"${tableAlias} WITH (NOLOCK)"
);
return base.ReaderExecutingAsync(command, eventData, result, cancellationToken);
}
}
Interceptor 的使用
在注冊 DbContext
服務的時候,可以配置 Interceptor
,配置如下:
var services = new ServiceCollection();
services.AddDbContext<TestDbContext>(options =>
{
options
.UseLoggerFactory(loggerFactory)
.UseSqlServer(DbConnectionString)
.AddInterceptors(new QueryWithNoLockDbCommandInterceptor())
;
});
使用效果
通過 loggerFactory 記錄的日志查看查詢執行的 sql 語句
可以看到查詢語句自動加上了 WITH (NOLOCK)
Reference
- https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/sql/t-sql/queries/hints-transact-sql-table?view=sql-server-ver15
- https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/ef/core/what-is-new/ef-core-3.0/#interception-of-database-operations
- https://docs.microsoft.com/zh-cn/ef/core/what-is-new/ef-core-3.0/#interception-of-database-operations
- https://github.com/WeihanLi/WeihanLi.EntityFramework/blob/dev/src/WeihanLi.EntityFramework/Interceptors/QueryWithNoLockDbCommandInterceptor.cs