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053.Python前端Django框架模板層

本文轉載自   查看原文   2020-04-03 10:13   1385    python/ Django/ linux

模板層

一 模板語法之變量

在 Django 模板中遍歷復雜數據結構的關鍵是句點字符, 語法： 

{{ var_name }}

[root@node10 mysite]# cat app01/urls.py

from django.urls import path,re_path
from . import views
urlpatterns = [
    path("test/",views.test1,name="test1"),
    path("temp_test/",views.temp_test),
]

[root@node10 mysite]# vim app01/views.py

#模板相關
def temp_test(request):
        name = "ning"
        return render(request,"temp_test.html",{"name":name})     #這里定義的必須和html調用的名稱一致

[root@node10 mysite]# vim templates/temp_test.html

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>Title</title>
</script>
</head>
<body>
        <h3>{{name}}</h3>
<script>
</script>
</body>
</html>

訪問http://192.168.132.140:8888/app01/temp_test/

 其他方法

[root@node10 mysite]# vim app01/views.py

#模板相關
def temp_test(request):
        name = "ning"
        list1 = ["john","dachun","joy"]
        dict1 = {"name":"joy","Age":18}
        class A:
                def __init__(self,name,age):
                        self.name = name
                        self.age = age
                def test(self):
                        return "333666"
        a1 = A("john",18)
        a2 = A("dachun",20)
        a3 = A("joy",22)
        return render(request,"temp_test.html",{"name":name,
                                                "list1":list1,
                                                "dict1":dict1,
                                                "a1":a1,
                                                "a2":a2,
                                                "a3":a3
                                                                })

[root@node10 mysite]# vim templates/temp_test.html

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>Title</title>
</script>
</head>
<body>
        <h3>{{name}}</h3>
        <p>{{list1}}</p>
        <p>{{list1.1}}</p>
        <p>{{dict1}}</p>
        <p>{{dict1.name}}</p>
        <p>{{dict1.Age}}</p>
        <p>{{a1}}</p>
        <p>{{a1.name}}</p>
        <p>{{a1.name.upper}}</p>
        <p>{{a2.test}}</p>

<script>
</script>
</body>
</html>

訪問http://192.168.132.140:8888/app01/temp_test/

[root@node10 mysite]# vim app01/views.py

def temp_test(request):
    import datetime
    s="hello"
    l=[111,222,333]    # 列表
    dic={"name":"yuan","age":18}  # 字典
    date = datetime.date(1993, 5, 2)   # 日期對象

    class Person(object):
        def __init__(self,name):
            self.name=name

    person_yuan=Person("yuan")  # 自定義類對象
    person_egon=Person("egon")
    person_alex=Person("alex")

    person_list=[person_yuan,person_egon,person_alex]


    return render(request,"temp_test.html",{"l":l,"dic":dic,"date":date,"person_list":person_list})

[root@node10 mysite]# vim templates/temp_test.html

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>Title</title>
</script>
</head>
<body>
        <h4>{{s}}</h4>
        <h4>列表:{{ l.0 }}</h4>
        <h4>列表:{{ l.2 }}</h4>
        <h4>字典:{{ dic.name }}</h4>
        <h4>日期:{{ date.year }}</h4>
        <h4>類對象列表:{{ person_list.0.name }}</h4>
<script>
</script>
</body>
</html>

訪問http://192.168.132.140:8888/app01/temp_test/

二 模板語法之過濾器

過濾器最多只有兩個參數

語法：

{{obj|filter__name:param}}
如果一個變量是false或者為空，使用給定的默認值。否則，使用變量的值。例如：

[root@node10 mysite]# vim app01/views.py

def temp_test(request):
        name = ""
        list1 = ["john","dachun","joy"]
        dict1 = {"name":"joy","Age":18}
        class A:
                def __init__(self,name,age):
                        self.name = name
                        self.age = age
                def test(self):
                        return "333666"
        a1 = A("john",18)
        a2 = A("dachun",20)
        a3 = A("joy",22)

        return render(request,"temp_test.html",{"name":name,
                                                "list1":list1,
                                                "dict1":dict1,
                                                "a1":a1,
                                                "a2":a2,
                                                "a3":a3
                                                                })

[root@node10 mysite]# vim templates/temp_test.html

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>Title</title>
</script>
</head>
<body>
        <h3>{{name|default:"nobody"}}</h3>
        <p>{{list1}}</p>
        <p>{{list1.1}}</p>
        <p>{{dict1}}</p>
        <p>{{dict1.name}}</p>
        <p>{{dict1.Age}}</p>
        <p>{{a1}}</p>
        <p>{{a1.name}}</p>
        <p>{{a1.name.upper}}</p>
        <p>{{a2.test}}</p>
<script>
</script>
</body>
</html>

訪問http://192.168.132.140:8888/app01/temp_test/

2.1 length

返回值的長度。它對字符串和列表都起作用。例如：

{{ value|length }}

如果 value 是 ['a', 'b', 'c', 'd']，那么輸出是 4。

[root@node10 mysite]# vim app01/views.py

def temp_test(request):
        name = "darren"
        list1 = ["john","dachun","joy"]
        dict1 = {"name":"joy","Age":18}
        class A:
                def __init__(self,name,age):
                        self.name = name
                        self.age = age
                def test(self):
                        return "333666"
        a1 = A("john",18)
        a2 = A("dachun",20)
        a3 = A("joy",22)

        return render(request,"temp_test.html",{"name":name,
                                                "list1":list1,
                                                "dict1":dict1,
                                                "a1":a1,
                                                "a2":a2,
                                                "a3":a3
                                                                })

[root@node10 mysite]# vim templates/temp_test.html

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>Title</title>
</script>
</head>
<body>
        <h3>{{name|default:"nobody"}}</h3>
        <h3>{{name|length}}</h3>
        <p>{{list1}}</p>
        <p>{{list1.1}}</p>
        <p>{{dict1}}</p>
        <p>{{dict1.name}}</p>
        <p>{{dict1.Age}}</p>
        <p>{{a1}}</p>
        <p>{{a1.name}}</p>
        <p>{{a1.name.upper}}</p>
        <p>{{a2.test}}</p>
<script>
</script>
</body>
</html>

訪問http://192.168.132.140:8888/app01/temp_test/

2.2 filesizeformat

將值格式化為一個 “人類可讀的” 文件尺寸 （例如 '13 KB', '4.1 MB', '102 bytes', 等等）。例如：

{{ value|filesizeformat }}

如果 value 是 123456789，輸出將會是 117.7 MB。

[root@node10 mysite]# vim templates/temp_test.html

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>Title</title>
</script>
</head>
<body>
        <h3>{{name|default:"nobody"}}</h3>
        <h3>{{num|filesizeformat}}</h3>
        <p>{{list1}}</p>
        <p>{{list1.1}}</p>
        <p>{{dict1}}</p>
        <p>{{dict1.name}}</p>
        <p>{{dict1.Age}}</p>
        <p>{{a1}}</p>
        <p>{{a1.name}}</p>
        <p>{{a1.name.upper}}</p>
        <p>{{a2.test}}</p>
<script>
</script>
</body>
</html>

[root@node10 mysite]# vim app01/views.py

#模板相關
def temp_test(request):
        name = "darren"
        num = 12344656787778
        list1 = ["john","dachun","joy"]
        dict1 = {"name":"joy","Age":18}
        class A:
                def __init__(self,name,age):
                        self.name = name
                        self.age = age
                def test(self):
                        return "333666"
        a1 = A("john",18)
        a2 = A("dachun",20)
        a3 = A("joy",22)

        return render(request,"temp_test.html",{"name":name,
                                                "list1":list1,
                                                "dict1":dict1,
                                                "a1":a1,
                                                "a2":a2,
                                                "num":num
                                                                })

訪問http://192.168.132.140:8888/app01/temp_test/

2.3 date

如果 value=datetime.datetime.now()

{{ value|date:"Y-m-d" }}　

[root@node10 mysite]# vim templates/temp_test.html

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>Title</title>
</script>
</head>
<body>
        <h3>{{name|default:"nobody"}}</h3>
        <h3>{{num|filesizeformat}}</h3>
　　　　  <p>{{now_time|date:"Y-m-d"}}</p>
        <p>{{list1}}</p>
        <p>{{list1.1}}</p>
        <p>{{dict1}}</p>
        <p>{{dict1.name}}</p>
        <p>{{dict1.Age}}</p>
        <p>{{a1}}</p>
        <p>{{a1.name}}</p>
        <p>{{a1.name.upper}}</p>
        <p>{{a2.test}}</p>
<script>
</script>
</body>
</html>

[root@node10 mysite]# vim app01/views.py

#模板相關
import datetime
def temp_test(request):
        name = "darren" num = 12344656787778
　　　　 now_time=datetime.datetime.now() list1 = ["john","dachun","joy"] dict1 = {"name":"joy","Age":18} class A: def __init__(self,name,age): self.name = name self.age = age def test(self): return "333666" a1 = A("john",18) a2 = A("dachun",20) a3 = A("joy",22) return render(request,"temp_test.html",{"name":name, "list1":list1, "dict1":dict1, "a1":a1, "a2":a2, "num":num，
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　"now_time":now_time })

訪問http://192.168.132.140:8888/app01/temp_test/

2.4 truncatechars

如果字符串字符多於指定的字符數量，那么會被截斷。截斷的字符串將以可翻譯的省略號序列（“...”）結尾。

參數：要截斷的字符數，例如：

{{ value|truncatechars:10 }}

[root@node10 mysite]# vim templates/temp_test.html

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>Title</title>
</script>
</head>
<body>
        <h3>{{name|default:"nobody"}}</h3>
        <h3>{{num|filesizeformat}}</h3>
　　　　 <p>{{now_time|date:"Y-m-d"}}</p>
　　　　 <p>{{str1|truncatechars:10}}</p>
　　　　 <p>{{list1}}</p>
        <p>{{list1.1}}</p>
        <p>{{dict1}}</p>
        <p>{{dict1.name}}</p>
        <p>{{dict1.Age}}</p>
        <p>{{a1}}</p>
        <p>{{a1.name}}</p>
        <p>{{a1.name.upper}}</p>
        <p>{{a2.test}}</p>
<script>
</script>
</body>
</html>

[root@node10 mysite]# vim app01/views.py

#模板相關
import datetime
def temp_test(request):
        name = "darren"
        num = 12344656787778
　　　　 now_time=datetime.datetime.now()
　　　　 str1="There’s a special providence in the fall of a sparrow"
        list1 = ["john","dachun","joy"]
        dict1 = {"name":"joy","Age":18}
        class A:
                def __init__(self,name,age):
                        self.name = name
                        self.age = age
                def test(self):
                        return "333666"
        a1 = A("john",18)
        a2 = A("dachun",20)
        a3 = A("joy",22)

        return render(request,"temp_test.html",{"name":name,
                                                "list1":list1,
                                                "dict1":dict1,
                                                "a1":a1,
                                                "a2":a2,
                                                "num":num，
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　"now_time":now_time,
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　"str1":str1
                                                                })

訪問http://192.168.132.140:8888/app01/temp_test/

2.5 safe

Django的模板中會對HTML標簽和JS等語法標簽進行自動轉義，原因顯而易見，這樣是為了安全。但是有的時候我們可能不希望這些HTML元素被轉義，比如我們做一個內容管理系統，后台添加的文章中是經過修飾的，這些修飾可能是通過一個類似於FCKeditor編輯加注了HTML修飾符的文本，如果自動轉義的話顯示的就是保護HTML標簽的源文件。為了在Django中關閉HTML的自動轉義有兩種方式，如果是一個單獨的變量我們可以通過過濾器“|safe”的方式告訴Django這段代碼是安全的不必轉義。比如：

[root@node10 mysite]# vim app01/views.py

#模板相關
import datetime
def temp_test(request):
        now_time=datetime.datetime.now()
        name = "darren"
        num = 12344656787778
        str1="There’s a special providence in the fall of a sparrow"
        str_a="<a href=\"www.baidu.com\">點擊</a>"
        list1 = ["john","dachun","joy"]
        dict1 = {"name":"joy","Age":18}
        class A:
                def __init__(self,name,age):
                        self.name = name
                        self.age = age
                def test(self):
                        return "333666"
        a1 = A("john",18)
        a2 = A("dachun",20)
        a3 = A("joy",22)

        return render(request,"temp_test.html",{"name":name,
                                                "list1":list1,
                                                "dict1":dict1,
                                                "a1":a1,
                                                "a2":a2,
                                                "num":num,
                                                "now_time":now_time,
                                                "str1":str1,
                                                "str_a":str_a
                                                                })

[root@node10 mysite]# vim templates/temp_test.html

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>Title</title>
</script>
</head>
<body>
        <h3>{{name|default:"nobody"}}</h3>
        <h3>{{num|filesizeformat}}</h3>
        <p>{{now_time|date:"Y-m-d"}}</p>
        <p>{{str1|truncatechars:10}}</p>
        <p>{{str_a}}</p>
        <p>{{str_a|safe}}</p>
        <p>{{list1}}</p>
        <p>{{list1.1}}</p>
        <p>{{dict1}}</p>
        <p>{{dict1.name}}</p>
        <p>{{dict1.Age}}</p>
        <p>{{a1}}</p>
        <p>{{a1.name}}</p>
        <p>{{a1.name.upper}}</p>
        <p>{{a2.test}}</p>
<script>
</script>
</body>
</html>

訪問http://192.168.132.140:8888/app01/temp_test/

三 模板之標簽　

標簽看起來像是這樣的： {% tag %}。標簽比變量更加復雜：一些在輸出中創建文本，一些通過循環或邏輯來控制流程，一些加載其后的變量將使用到的額外信息到模版中。一些標簽需要開始和結束標簽 （例如{% tag %} ...標簽 內容 ... {% endtag %}）。

3.1 for標簽

遍歷每一個元素：

[root@node10 mysite]# vim app01/views.py

#模板相關
import datetime
def temp_test(request):
        list1 = ["john","dachun","joy"]
        dict1 = {"name":"joy","Age":18}
        class A:
                def __init__(self,name,age):
                        self.name = name
                        self.age = age
                def test(self):
                        return "333666"
        a1 = A("john",18)
        a2 = A("dachun",20)
        a3 = A("joy",22)
        a_list = [a1,a2,a3]
        return render(request,"temp_test.html",{
                                                "list1":list1,
                                                "dict1":dict1,
                                                "a_list":a_list
                                                                })

[root@node10 mysite]# vim templates/temp_test.html

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>Title</title>
</script>
</head>
<body>
        <table border="1">
                <tr>
                        <th>姓名</th>
                        <th>年齡</th>
                </tr>
                {% for a in a_list%}
                        <tr>
                                <td>{{a.name}}</td>
                                <td>{{a.age}}</td>
                        </tr>
                {%endfor%}
        </table>
<script>
</script>
</body>
</html>

訪問http://192.168.132.140:8888/app01/temp_test/

 

注：循環序號可以通過｛｛forloop｝｝顯示

forloop.counter            The current iteration of the loop (1-indexed)
forloop.counter0           The current iteration of the loop (0-indexed)
forloop.revcounter         The number of iterations from the end of the loop (1-indexed)
forloop.revcounter0        The number of iterations from the end of the loop (0-indexed)
forloop.first              True if this is the first time through the loop
forloop.last               True if this is the last time through the loop

示例

[root@node10 mysite]# vim templates/temp_test.html

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>Title</title>
</script>
</head>
<body>
        <table border="1">
                <tr>
                        <th>序號</th>
                        <th>姓名</th>
                        <th>年齡</th>
                </tr>
                {% for a in a_list%}
                        <tr>
                                <td>{{forloop.counter}}</td>
                                <td>{{a.name}}</td>
                                <td>{{a.age}}</td>
                        </tr>
                {%endfor%}
        </table>
<script>
</script>
</body>
</html>

 訪問http://192.168.132.140:8888/app01/temp_test/

 [root@node10 mysite]# vim templates/temp_test.html

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>Title</title>
</script>
</head>
<body>
        <table border="1">
                <tr>
                        <th>序號</th>
                        <th>姓名</th>
                        <th>年齡</th>
                </tr>
                {% for a in a_list%}
                        <tr>
                                <td>{{forloop.counter}}--{{forloop.first}}++{{forloop.last}}</td>
                                <td>{{a.name}}</td>
                                <td>{{a.age}}</td>
                        </tr>
                {%endfor%}
        </table>
<script>
</script>
</body>
</html>

 訪問http://192.168.132.140:8888/app01/temp_test/

3.2 for ... empty

for 標簽帶有一個可選的{% empty %} 從句，以便在給出的組是空的或者沒有被找到時，可以有所操作。

{% for person in person_list %}
    <p>{{ person.name }}</p>

{% empty %}
    <p>sorry,no person here</p>
{% endfor %}

3.3 if 標簽

{% if %}會對一個變量求值，如果它的值是“True”（存在、不為空、且不是boolean類型的false值），對應的內容塊會輸出。

 [root@node10 mysite]# vim templates/temp_test.html

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>Title</title>
    <style>
        .green{
            background: green
        }
    </style>
</head>
<body>
        <table border="1">
                <tr>
                        <th>序號</th>
                        <th>姓名</th>
                        <th>年齡</th>
                </tr>
                {% for a in a_list%}
                        {% if forloop.last %}
                        <tr class="green">
                                <td>{{forloop.counter}}--{{forloop.first}}++{{forloop.last}}</td>
                                <td>{{a.name}}</td>
                                <td>{{a.age}}</td>
                        </tr>
                        {% else %}
                        <tr>
                                <td>{{forloop.counter}}--{{forloop.first}}++{{forloop.last}}</td>
                                <td>{{a.name}}</td>
                                <td>{{a.age}}</td>
                        {% endif %}
                {%endfor%}
        </table>
<script>
</script>
</body>
</html>

訪問http://192.168.132.140:8888/app01/temp_test/

 [root@node10 mysite]# vim templates/temp_test.html

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>Title</title>
    <style>
        .green{
            background: green
        }
        .red{
            background: red
        }
    </style>
</head>
<body>
        <table border="1">
                <tr>
                        <th>序號</th>
                        <th>姓名</th>
                        <th>年齡</th>
                </tr>
                {% for a in a_list%}
                        {% if forloop.last %}
                        <tr class="green">
                                <td>{{forloop.counter}}--{{forloop.first}}++{{forloop.last}}</td>
                                <td>{{a.name}}</td>
                                <td>{{a.age}}</td>
                        </tr>
                        {% elif forloop.first %}
                        <tr class="red">
                                <td>{{forloop.counter}}--{{forloop.first}}++{{forloop.last}}</td>
                                <td>{{a.name}}</td>
                                <td>{{a.age}}</td>
                        </tr>
                        {%else%}
                        <tr>
                                <td>{{forloop.counter}}--{{forloop.first}}++{{forloop.last}}</td>
                                <td>{{a.name}}</td>
                                <td>{{a.age}}</td>
                        </tr>
                        {% endif %}
                {%endfor%}
        </table>
<script>
</script>
</body>
</html>

訪問http://192.168.132.140:8888/app01/temp_test/

3.4 with

使用一個簡單地名字緩存一個復雜的變量，當你需要使用一個“昂貴的”方法（比如訪問數據庫）很多次的時候是非常有用的

例如：

{% with total=business.employees.count %}
    {{ total }} employee{{ total|pluralize }}
{% endwith %}

3.5 csrf_token

這個標簽用於跨站請求偽造保護，這里再前面的setting.py已經注釋掉了

打開

MIDDLEWARE = [
    'django.middleware.security.SecurityMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware', 'django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.clickjacking.XFrameOptionsMiddleware',
]

[root@node10 mysite]# vi templates/login.html

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>Title</title>
</script>
</head>
<body>
        <h3>用戶登錄</h3>
        <form action="" method="post"> {%csrf_token%} <p>用戶名:<input type="text" name="user"></p>
                <p>密   碼:<input type="password" name="pwd"></p>
                <input type="submit">
        </form>
<script>
</script>
</body>
</html>

訪問http://192.168.132.140:8888/app01/temp_test/

請求后，會多一個input標簽，着個標簽是一個隨機字符串，用於校驗，當login頁面娜輸入用戶名和密碼后，會帶着返回的隨機字符串，進行數據校驗，確保值login頁面發送的破石頭請求

四 自定義標簽和過濾器

1、在settings中的INSTALLED_APPS配置當前app，不然django無法找到自定義的simple_tag.這個已經完場

2、在app中創建templatetags模塊(模塊名只能是templatetags)

[root@node10 mysite]# mkdir app01/templatetags

3、創建任意 .py 文件，如：my_tags.py

[root@node10 mysite]# vim app01/templatetags/my_tags.py

from django import template
from django.utils.safestring import mark_safe
register = template.Library()   #register的名字是固定的,不可改變

@register.filter
def my_filter(v1,v2):
        return  v1 * v2

@register.simple_tag
def my_tag(v1,v2,v3):
    return  v1 * v2 * v3

@register.simple_tag
def my_input(pk,arg):
    result = "<input type='text' id='%s' class='%s' />" %(pk,arg,)
    return mark_safe(result)

4 html中導入my_tag文件，並引用

[root@node10 mysite]# vi templates/temp_test.html

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>Title</title>
    <style>
        .green{
            background: green
        }
        .red{
            background: red
        }
    </style>
</head>
<body>
{% load my_tags %}　
        <table border="1">
                <tr>
                        <th>序號</th>
                        <th>姓名</th>
                        <th>年齡</th>
                </tr>
                {% for a in a_list%}
                        {% if forloop.last %}
                        <tr class="green">
                                <td>{{forloop.counter}}--{{forloop.first}}++{{forloop.last}}</td>
                                <td>{{a.name}}</td>
                                <td>{{a.age}}</td>
                        </tr>
                        {% elif forloop.first %}
                        <tr class="red">
                                <td>{{forloop.counter}}--{{forloop.first}}++{{forloop.last}}</td>
                                <td>{{a.name}}</td>
                                <td>{{a.age}}</td>
                        </tr>
                        {%else%}
                        <tr>
                                <td>{{forloop.counter}}--{{forloop.first}}++{{forloop.last}}</td>
                                <td>{{a.name}}</td>
                                <td>{{a.age}}</td>
                        </tr>
                        {% endif %}
                {%endfor%}
        </table>
<hr> <p>{{num|my_filter:2}}</p> <hr> <p>{% my_tag num 5 2 %}</p> <hr> <p>{% my_input 12 'green' %}</p>
<script>
</script>
</body>
</html>

訪問http://192.168.132.140:8888/app01/temp_test/

注意：filter可以用在if等語句后，simple_tag不可以

{% if num|filter_multi:30 > 100 %}
    {{ num|filter_multi:30 }}
{% endif %}

五 模板繼承 (extend)

Django模版引擎中最強大也是最復雜的部分就是模版繼承了。模版繼承可以讓您創建一個基本的“骨架”模版，它包含您站點中的全部元素，並且可以定義能夠被子模版覆蓋的 blocks 。

通過從下面這個例子開始，可以容易的理解模版繼承：

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <link rel="stylesheet" href="style.css" />
    <title>{% block title %}My amazing site{%/span> endblock %}</title>
</head>

<body>
    <div id="sidebar">
        {% block sidebar %}
        <ul>
            <li><a href="/">Home</a></li>
            <li><a href="/blog/">Blog</a></li>
        </ul>
        {% endblock %}
    </div>

    <div id="content">
        {% block content %}{% endblock %}
    </div>
</body>
</html>

這個模版，我們把它叫作 base.html， 它定義了一個可以用於兩列排版頁面的簡單HTML骨架。“子模版”的工作是用它們的內容填充空的blocks。

在這個例子中， block 標簽定義了三個可以被子模版內容填充的block。 block 告訴模版引擎： 子模版可能會覆蓋掉模版中的這些位置。

子模版可能看起來是這樣的：

{% extends "base.html" %}
 
{% block title %}My amazing blog{% endblock %}
 
{% block content %}
{% for entry in blog_entries %}
    <h2>{{ entry.title }}</h2>
    <p>{{ entry.body }}</p>
{% endfor %}
{% endblock %}

extends 標簽是這里的關鍵。它告訴模版引擎，這個模版“繼承”了另一個模版。當模版系統處理這個模版時，首先，它將定位父模版——在此例中，就是“base.html”。

那時，模版引擎將注意到 base.html 中的三個 block 標簽，並用子模版中的內容來替換這些block。根據 blog_entries 的值，輸出可能看起來是這樣的：

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <link rel="stylesheet" href="style.css" />
    <title>My amazing blog</title>
</head>
 
<body>
    <div id="sidebar">
        <ul>
            <li><a href="/">Home</a></li>
            <li><a href="/blog/">Blog</a></li>
        </ul>
    </div>
 
    <div id="content">
        <h2>Entry one</h2>
        <p>This is my first entry.</p>
 
        <h2>Entry two</h2>
        <p>This is my second entry.</p>
    </div>
</body>
</html>

請注意，子模版並沒有定義 sidebar block，所以系統使用了父模版中的值。父模版的 {% block %} 標簽中的內容總是被用作備選內容（fallback）。

這種方式使代碼得到最大程度的復用，並且使得添加內容到共享的內容區域更加簡單，例如，部分范圍內的導航。

這里是使用繼承的一些提示：

  • 如果你在模版中使用 {% extends %} 標簽，它必須是模版中的第一個標簽。其他的任何情況下，模版繼承都將無法工作。

  • 在base模版中設置越多的 {% block %} 標簽越好。請記住，子模版不必定義全部父模版中的blocks，所以，你可以在大多數blocks中填充合理的默認內容，然后，只定義你需要的那一個。多一點鈎子總比少一點好。

  • 如果你發現你自己在大量的模版中復制內容，那可能意味着你應該把內容移動到父模版中的一個 {% block %} 中。

  • If you need to get the content of the block from the parent template, the {{ block.super }} variable will do the trick. This is useful if you want to add to the contents of a parent block instead of completely overriding it. Data inserted using {{ block.super }} will not be automatically escaped (see the next section), since it was already escaped, if necessary, in the parent template.

  • 為了更好的可讀性，你也可以給你的 {% endblock %} 標簽一個 名字 。例如：

{% block content %}
...
{% endblock content %}　

  • 在大型模版中，這個方法幫你清楚的看到哪一個　 {% block %} 標簽被關閉了。

  • 不能在一個模版中定義多個相同名字的 block 標簽

圖書后台管理案例

https://v3.bootcss.com/examples/dashboard/使用這個作為模板修改

在app02創建這個項目

[root@node10 mysite]# vim app02/urls.py

from django.urls import path,re_path
from app02 import views
urlpatterns = [
    path("test02/",views.test02, name="test1"),
    path("book_list",views.book_list),

]

寫視圖函數

[root@node10 mysite]# vim app02/views.py

from django.shortcuts import render,HttpResponse
from django.urls import reverse


# Create your views here.

def test02(request):
        return HttpResponse("this is app02's test function")
def book_list(request):
        return render(request,"book_list.html")

創建一個靜態文件路徑

[root@node10 mysite]# mkdir -p statics/css statics/js statics/plugins statics/images

[root@node10 mysite]# ll statics/

drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 6 Apr  2 10:53 css
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 6 Apr  2 10:53 images
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 6 Apr  2 10:53 js
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 6 Apr  2 10:53 plugins

配置setting.py。引入這個路徑

[root@node10 mysite]# vim mysite/settings.py

STATIC_URL = '/static/'   #這里是url別名
STATICFILES_DIRS = [
        os.path.join(BASE_DIR,"statics")
]

 

 

把這個文件復制到index.css里

[root@node10 mysite]# vim statics/css/index.css

/*
 * Base structure
 */

/* Move down content because we have a fixed navbar that is 50px tall */
body {
  padding-top: 50px;
}


/*
 * Global add-ons
 */

.sub-header {
  padding-bottom: 10px;
  border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;
}

/*
 * Top navigation
 * Hide default border to remove 1px line.
 */
.navbar-fixed-top {
  border: 0;
}

/*
 * Sidebar
 */

/* Hide for mobile, show later */
.sidebar {
  display: none;
}
@media (min-width: 768px) {
  .sidebar {
    position: fixed;
    top: 51px;
    bottom: 0;
    left: 0;
    z-index: 1000;
    display: block;
    padding: 20px;
    overflow-x: hidden;
    overflow-y: auto; /* Scrollable contents if viewport is shorter than content. */
    background-color: #f5f5f5;
    border-right: 1px solid #eee;
  }
}

/* Sidebar navigation */
.nav-sidebar {
  margin-right: -21px; /* 20px padding + 1px border */
  margin-bottom: 20px;
  margin-left: -20px;
}
.nav-sidebar > li > a {
  padding-right: 20px;
  padding-left: 20px;
}
.nav-sidebar > .active > a,
.nav-sidebar > .active > a:hover,
.nav-sidebar > .active > a:focus {
  color: #fff;
  background-color: #428bca;
}


/*
 * Main content
 */

.main {
  padding: 20px;
}
@media (min-width: 768px) {
  .main {
    padding-right: 40px;
    padding-left: 40px;
  }
}
.main .page-header {
  margin-top: 0;
}


/*
 * Placeholder dashboard ideas
 */

.placeholders {
  margin-bottom: 30px;
  text-align: center;
}
.placeholders h4 {
  margin-bottom: 0;
}
.placeholder {
  margin-bottom: 20px;
}
.placeholder img {
  display: inline-block;
  border-radius: 50%;
}
index.css

在html引入這個css

root@node10 mysite]# vi templates/book_list.html

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>Title</title>
    <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/bootstrap@3.3.7/dist/css/bootstrap.min.css" integrity="sha384-BVYiiSIFeK1dGmJRAkycuHAHRg32OmUcww7on3RYdg4Va+PmSTsz/K68vbdEjh4u" crossorigin="anonymous">
    <link res="stylesheet" href="/static/css/index.css">
</head>
<body>

    <nav class="navbar navbar-inverse navbar-fixed-top">
      <div class="container-fluid">
        <div class="navbar-header">
          <button type="button" class="navbar-toggle collapsed" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#navbar" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="navbar">
            <span class="sr-only">Toggle navigation</span>
            <span class="icon-bar"></span>
            <span class="icon-bar"></span>
            <span class="icon-bar"></span>
          </button>
          <a class="navbar-brand" href="#">Project name</a>
        </div>
        <div id="navbar" class="navbar-collapse collapse">
          <ul class="nav navbar-nav navbar-right">
            <li><a href="#">Dashboard</a></li>
            <li><a href="#">Settings</a></li>
            <li><a href="#">Profile</a></li>
            <li><a href="#">Help</a></li>
          </ul>
          <form class="navbar-form navbar-right">
            <input type="text" class="form-control" placeholder="Search...">
          </form>
        </div>
      </div>
    </nav>

    <div class="container-fluid">
      <div class="row">
        <div class="col-sm-3 col-md-2 sidebar">
          <ul class="nav nav-sidebar">
            <li class="active"><a href="#">Overview <span class="sr-only">(current)</span></a></li>
            <li><a href="#">Reports</a></li>
            <li><a href="#">Analytics</a></li>
            <li><a href="#">Export</a></li>
          </ul>
          <ul class="nav nav-sidebar">
            <li><a href="">Nav item</a></li>
            <li><a href="">Nav item again</a></li>
            <li><a href="">One more nav</a></li>
            <li><a href="">Another nav item</a></li>
            <li><a href="">More navigation</a></li>
          </ul>
          <ul class="nav nav-sidebar">
            <li><a href="">Nav item again</a></li>
            <li><a href="">One more nav</a></li>
            <li><a href="">Another nav item</a></li>
          </ul>
        </div>
        <div class="col-sm-9 col-sm-offset-3 col-md-10 col-md-offset-2 main">
          <h1 class="page-header">Dashboard</h1>

          <div class="row placeholders">
            <div class="col-xs-6 col-sm-3 placeholder">
              <img src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAHd3dwAAACH5BAAAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAICRAEAOw==" width="200" height="200" class="img-responsive" alt="Generic placeholder thumbnail">
              <h4>Label</h4>
              <span class="text-muted">Something else</span>
            </div>
            <div class="col-xs-6 col-sm-3 placeholder">
              <img src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAHd3dwAAACH5BAAAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAICRAEAOw==" width="200" height="200" class="img-responsive" alt="Generic placeholder thumbnail">
              <h4>Label</h4>
              <span class="text-muted">Something else</span>
            </div>
            <div class="col-xs-6 col-sm-3 placeholder">
              <img src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAHd3dwAAACH5BAAAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAICRAEAOw==" width="200" height="200" class="img-responsive" alt="Generic placeholder thumbnail">
              <h4>Label</h4>
              <span class="text-muted">Something else</span>
            </div>
            <div class="col-xs-6 col-sm-3 placeholder">
              <img src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAHd3dwAAACH5BAAAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAICRAEAOw==" width="200" height="200" class="img-responsive" alt="Generic placeholder thumbnail">
              <h4>Label</h4>
              <span class="text-muted">Something else</span>
            </div>
          </div>

          <h2 class="sub-header">Section title</h2>
          <div class="table-responsive">
            <table class="table table-striped">
              <thead>
                <tr>
                  <th>#</th>
                  <th>Header</th>
                  <th>Header</th>
                  <th>Header</th>
                  <th>Header</th>
                </tr>
              </thead>
              <tbody>
                <tr>
                  <td>1,001</td>
                  <td>Lorem</td>
                  <td>ipsum</td>
                  <td>dolor</td>
                  <td>sit</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td>1,002</td>
                  <td>amet</td>
                  <td>consectetur</td>
                  <td>adipiscing</td>
                  <td>elit</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td>1,003</td>
                  <td>Integer</td>
                  <td>nec</td>
                  <td>odio</td>
                  <td>Praesent</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td>1,003</td>
                  <td>libero</td>
                  <td>Sed</td>
                  <td>cursus</td>
                  <td>ante</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td>1,004</td>
                  <td>dapibus</td>
                  <td>diam</td>
                  <td>Sed</td>
                  <td>nisi</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td>1,005</td>
                  <td>Nulla</td>
                  <td>quis</td>
                  <td>sem</td>
                  <td>at</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td>1,006</td>
                  <td>nibh</td>
                  <td>elementum</td>
                  <td>imperdiet</td>
                  <td>Duis</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td>1,007</td>
                  <td>sagittis</td>
                  <td>ipsum</td>
                  <td>Praesent</td>
                  <td>mauris</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td>1,008</td>
                  <td>Fusce</td>
                  <td>nec</td>
                  <td>tellus</td>
                  <td>sed</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td>1,009</td>
                  <td>augue</td>
                  <td>semper</td>
                  <td>porta</td>
                  <td>Mauris</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td>1,010</td>
                  <td>massa</td>
                  <td>Vestibulum</td>
                  <td>lacinia</td>
                  <td>arcu</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td>1,011</td>
                  <td>eget</td>
                  <td>nulla</td>
                  <td>Class</td>
                  <td>aptent</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td>1,012</td>
                  <td>taciti</td>
                  <td>sociosqu</td>
                  <td>ad</td>
                  <td>litora</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td>1,013</td>
                  <td>torquent</td>
                  <td>per</td>
                  <td>conubia</td>
                  <td>nostra</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td>1,014</td>
                  <td>per</td>
                  <td>inceptos</td>
                  <td>himenaeos</td>
                  <td>Curabitur</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td>1,015</td>
                  <td>sodales</td>
                  <td>ligula</td>
                  <td>in</td>
                  <td>libero</td>
                </tr>
              </tbody>
            </table>
          </div>
        </div>
      </div>
    </div>
</body>
</html>
book_list.html

這里面引入兩個css文件

<link rel="stylesheet" href="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/bootstrap@3.3.7/dist/css/bootstrap.min.css" integrity="sha384-BVYiiSIFeK1dGmJRAkycuHAHRg32OmUcww7on3RYdg4Va+PmSTsz/K68vbdEjh4u" crossorigin="anonymous"> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/static/css/index.css"> #這里是static，是因為在setting.py里面的別名設置的是static

修改一下html

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>Title</title>
    <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/bootstrap@3.3.7/dist/css/bootstrap.min.css" integrity="sha384-BVYiiSIFeK1dGmJRAkycuHAHRg32OmUcww7on3RYdg4Va+PmSTsz/K68vbdEjh4u" crossorigin="anonymous">
    <link rel="stylesheet" href="/static/css/index.css">
</head>
<body>

    <nav class="navbar navbar-inverse navbar-fixed-top">
      <div class="container-fluid">
        <div class="navbar-header">
          <button type="button" class="navbar-toggle collapsed" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#navbar" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="navbar">
            <span class="sr-only">Toggle navigation</span>
            <span class="icon-bar"></span>
            <span class="icon-bar"></span>
            <span class="icon-bar"></span>
          </button>
          <a class="navbar-brand" href="#">圖書管理系統</a>
        </div>
        <div id="navbar" class="navbar-collapse collapse">
          <ul class="nav navbar-nav navbar-right">
            <li><a href="#">Dashboard</a></li>
            <li><a href="#">Settings</a></li>
            <li><a href="#">Profile</a></li>
            <li><a href="#">Help</a></li>
          </ul>
          <form class="navbar-form navbar-right">
            <input type="text" class="form-control" placeholder="Search...">
          </form>
        </div>
      </div>
    </nav>

    <div class="container-fluid">
      <div class="row">
        <div class="col-sm-3 col-md-2 sidebar">
          <ul class="nav nav-sidebar">
            <li class="active"><a href="#">Overview <span class="sr-only">(current)</span></a></li>
            <li><a href="#">Reports</a></li>
            <li><a href="#">Analytics</a></li>
            <li><a href="#">Export</a></li>
          </ul>
          <ul class="nav nav-sidebar">
            <li><a href="">Nav item</a></li>
            <li><a href="">Nav item again</a></li>
            <li><a href="">One more nav</a></li>
            <li><a href="">Another nav item</a></li>
            <li><a href="">More navigation</a></li>
          </ul>
          <ul class="nav nav-sidebar">
            <li><a href="">Nav item again</a></li>
            <li><a href="">One more nav</a></li>
            <li><a href="">Another nav item</a></li>
          </ul>
        </div>
        <div class="col-sm-9 col-sm-offset-3 col-md-10 col-md-offset-2 main">
          <h2 class="sub-header">圖書列表</h2>
          <div class="table-responsive">
            <table class="table table-striped">
              <thead>
                <tr>
                  <th>#</th>
                  <th>Header</th>
                  <th>Header</th>
                  <th>Header</th>
                  <th>Header</th>
                </tr>
              </thead>
              <tbody>
                <tr>
                  <td>1,001</td>
                  <td>Lorem</td>
                  <td>ipsum</td>
                  <td>dolor</td>
                  <td>sit</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td>1,002</td>
                  <td>amet</td>
                  <td>consectetur</td>
                  <td>adipiscing</td>
                  <td>elit</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td>1,003</td>
                  <td>Integer</td>
                  <td>nec</td>
                  <td>odio</td>
                  <td>Praesent</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td>1,003</td>
                  <td>libero</td>
                  <td>Sed</td>
                  <td>cursus</td>
                  <td>ante</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td>1,004</td>
                  <td>dapibus</td>
                  <td>diam</td>
                  <td>Sed</td>
                  <td>nisi</td>
                </tr>
              </tbody>
            </table>
          </div>
        </div>
      </div>
    </div>
</body>
</html>

 

訪問http://192.168.132.140:8888/app02/book_list

 

 

 

 添加一個圖書出版頁面

[root@node10 mysite]# vim app02/urls.py

from django.urls import path,re_path
from app02 import views
urlpatterns = [
    path("test02/",views.test02, name="test1"),
    path("book_list/",views.book_list),
    path("publish_list/",views.publish_list),
]

[root@node10 mysite]# vim app02/views.py

from django.shortcuts import render,HttpResponse
from django.urls import reverse
# Create your views here.
def test02(request):
        return HttpResponse("this is app02's test function")
def book_list(request):
        return render(request,"book_list.html")
def publish_list(request):
        return render(request,"publish_list.html")

html文件

[root@node10 mysite]# vi templates/publish_list.html

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>Title</title>
    <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/bootstrap@3.3.7/dist/css/bootstrap.min.css" integrity="sha384-BVYiiSIFeK1dGmJRAkycuHAHRg32OmUcww7on3RYdg4Va+PmSTsz/K68vbdEjh4u" crossorigin="anonymous">
    <link rel="stylesheet" href="/static/css/index.css">
</head>
<body>

    <nav class="navbar navbar-inverse navbar-fixed-top">
      <div class="container-fluid">
        <div class="navbar-header">
          <button type="button" class="navbar-toggle collapsed" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#navbar" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="navbar">
            <span class="sr-only">Toggle navigation</span>
            <span class="icon-bar"></span>
            <span class="icon-bar"></span>
            <span class="icon-bar"></span>
          </button>
          <a class="navbar-brand" href="#">圖書管理系統</a>
        </div>
        <div id="navbar" class="navbar-collapse collapse">
          <ul class="nav navbar-nav navbar-right">
            <li><a href="#">Dashboard</a></li>
            <li><a href="#">Settings</a></li>
            <li><a href="#">Profile</a></li>
            <li><a href="#">Help</a></li>
          </ul>
          <form class="navbar-form navbar-right">
            <input type="text" class="form-control" placeholder="Search...">
          </form>
        </div>
      </div>
    </nav>

    <div class="container-fluid">
      <div class="row">
        <div class="col-sm-3 col-md-2 sidebar">
          <ul class="nav nav-sidebar">
            <li class="active"><a href="/app02/book_list/">圖書管理<span class="sr-only">(current)</span></a></li>
            <li><a href="/app02/publish_list/">出版社管理</a></li>
            <li><a href="#">Analytics</a></li>
            <li><a href="#">Export</a></li>
          </ul>
        </div>
        <div class="col-sm-9 col-sm-offset-3 col-md-10 col-md-offset-2 main">
          <h2 class="sub-header">出版社列表</h2>
          <div class="table-responsive">
            <table class="table table-striped">
              <thead>
                <tr>
                  <th>#</th>
                  <th>Header</th>
                  <th>Header</th>
                  <th>Header</th>
                  <th>Header</th>
                </tr>
              </thead>
              <tbody>
                <tr>
                  <td>1,001</td>
                  <td>Lorem</td>
                  <td>ipsum</td>
                  <td>dolor</td>
                  <td>sit</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td>1,002</td>
                  <td>amet</td>
                  <td>consectetur</td>
                  <td>adipiscing</td>
                  <td>elit</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td>1,003</td>
                  <td>Integer</td>
                  <td>nec</td>
                  <td>odio</td>
                  <td>Praesent</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td>1,003</td>
                  <td>libero</td>
                  <td>Sed</td>
                  <td>cursus</td>
                  <td>ante</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td>1,004</td>
                  <td>dapibus</td>
                  <td>diam</td>
                  <td>Sed</td>
                  <td>nisi</td>
                </tr>
              </tbody>
            </table>
          </div>
        </div>
      </div>
    </div>
</body>
</html>

提取公共部分

[root@node10 mysite]# vim templates/base.html

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>Title</title>
    <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/bootstrap@3.3.7/dist/css/bootstrap.min.css" integrity="sha384-BVYiiSIFeK1dGmJRAkycuHAHRg32OmUcww7on3RYdg4Va+PmSTsz/K68vbdEjh4u" crossorigin="anonymous">
    <link rel="stylesheet" href="/static/css/index.css">
</head>
<body>

    <nav class="navbar navbar-inverse navbar-fixed-top">
      <div class="container-fluid">
        <div class="navbar-header">
          <button type="button" class="navbar-toggle collapsed" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#navbar" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="navbar">
            <span class="sr-only">Toggle navigation</span>
            <span class="icon-bar"></span>
            <span class="icon-bar"></span>
            <span class="icon-bar"></span>
          </button>
          <a class="navbar-brand" href="#">圖書管理系統</a>
        </div>
        <div id="navbar" class="navbar-collapse collapse">
          <ul class="nav navbar-nav navbar-right">
            <li><a href="#">Dashboard</a></li>
            <li><a href="#">Settings</a></li>
            <li><a href="#">Profile</a></li>
            <li><a href="#">Help</a></li>
          </ul>
          <form class="navbar-form navbar-right">
            <input type="text" class="form-control" placeholder="Search...">
          </form>
        </div>
      </div>
    </nav>

    <div class="container-fluid">
      <div class="row">
        <div class="col-sm-3 col-md-2 sidebar">
          <ul class="nav nav-sidebar">
          {% block nv%}
          {% endblock nv%}
          </ul>
        </div>
        <div class="col-sm-9 col-sm-offset-3 col-md-10 col-md-offset-2 main">
        {% block content %}
        {% endblock content %}
        </div>
      </div>
    </div>
</body>
</html>

修改book_list.html

[root@node10 mysite]# vim templates/book_list.html

{% extends "base.html" %}
{% block nv%}
    <li class="active"><a href="/app02/book_list/">圖書管理<span class="sr-only">(current)</span></a></li>
    <li><a href="/app02/publish_list/">出版社管理</a></li>
    <li><a href="/app02/author_list">作者管理</a></li>
{% endblock nv%}

{% block content %}
          <h2 class="sub-header">圖書列表</h2>
          <div class="table-responsive">
            <table class="table table-striped">
              <thead>
                <tr>
                  <th>#</th>
                  <th>Header</th>
                  <th>Header</th>
                  <th>Header</th>
                  <th>Header</th>
                </tr>
              </thead>
              <tbody>
                <tr>
                  <td>1,001</td>
                  <td>Lorem</td>
                  <td>ipsum</td>
                  <td>dolor</td>
                  <td>sit</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td>1,002</td>
                  <td>amet</td>
                  <td>consectetur</td>
                  <td>adipiscing</td>
                  <td>elit</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td>1,003</td>
                  <td>Integer</td>
                  <td>nec</td>
                  <td>odio</td>
                  <td>Praesent</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td>1,003</td>
                  <td>libero</td>
                  <td>Sed</td>
                  <td>cursus</td>
                  <td>ante</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td>1,004</td>
                  <td>dapibus</td>
                  <td>diam</td>
                  <td>Sed</td>
                  <td>nisi</td>
                </tr>
              </tbody>
            </table>
          </div>
{% endblock content %}

[root@node10 mysite]# vim templates/publish_list.html

{% extends "base.html" %}
{% block nv%}
    <li ><a href="/app02/book_list/">圖書管理<span class="sr-only">(current)</span></a></li>
    <li class="active"><a href="/app02/publish_list/">出版社管理</a></li>
    <li><a href="/app02/author_list">作者管理</a></li>
{% endblock nv%}

{% block content %}
          <h2 class="sub-header">出版社列表</h2>
          <div class="table-responsive">
            <table class="table table-striped">
              <thead>
                <tr>
                  <th>#</th>
                  <th>Header</th>
                  <th>Header</th>
                  <th>Header</th>
                  <th>Header</th>
                </tr>
              </thead>
              <tbody>
                <tr>
                  <td>1,001</td>
                  <td>Lorem</td>
                  <td>ipsum</td>
                  <td>dolor</td>
                  <td>sit</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td>1,002</td>
                  <td>amet</td>
                  <td>consectetur</td>
                  <td>adipiscing</td>
                  <td>elit</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td>1,003</td>
                  <td>Integer</td>
                  <td>nec</td>
                  <td>odio</td>
                  <td>Praesent</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td>1,003</td>
                  <td>libero</td>
                  <td>Sed</td>
                  <td>cursus</td>
                  <td>ante</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td>1,004</td>
                  <td>dapibus</td>
                  <td>diam</td>
                  <td>Sed</td>
                  <td>nisi</td>
                </tr>
              </tbody>
            </table>
          </div>
{% endblock content %}
publish_list.html

[root@node10 mysite]# vim templates/author_list.html

{% extends "base.html" %}
{% block nv%}
    <li ><a href="/app02/book_list/">圖書管理<span class="sr-only">(current)</span></a></li>
    <li><a href="/app02/publish_list/">出版社管理</a></li>
    <li class="active"><a href="/app02/author_list">作者管理</a></li>
{% endblock nv%}

{% block content %}
          <h2 class="sub-header">作者列表</h2>
          <div class="table-responsive">
            <table class="table table-striped">
              <thead>
                <tr>
                  <th>#</th>
                  <th>Header</th>
                  <th>Header</th>
                  <th>Header</th>
                  <th>Header</th>
                </tr>
              </thead>
              <tbody>
                <tr>
                  <td>1,001</td>
                  <td>Lorem</td>
                  <td>ipsum</td>
                  <td>dolor</td>
                  <td>sit</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td>1,002</td>
                  <td>amet</td>
                  <td>consectetur</td>
                  <td>adipiscing</td>
                  <td>elit</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td>1,003</td>
                  <td>Integer</td>
                  <td>nec</td>
                  <td>odio</td>
                  <td>Praesent</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td>1,003</td>
                  <td>libero</td>
                  <td>Sed</td>
                  <td>cursus</td>
                  <td>ante</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td>1,004</td>
                  <td>dapibus</td>
                  <td>diam</td>
                  <td>Sed</td>
                  <td>nisi</td>
                </tr>
              </tbody>
            </table>
          </div>
{% endblock content %}
author_list.html

訪問http://192.168.132.140:8888/app02/book_list/，點擊出版社管理

改進base.html

增加css和js兩個位置，方便自己的html使用自己的css樣式或者js

[root@node10 mysite]# vim templates/base.html

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>Title</title>
    <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/bootstrap@3.3.7/dist/css/bootstrap.min.css" integrity="sha384-BVYiiSIFeK1dGmJRAkycuHAHRg32OmUcww7on3RYdg4Va+PmSTsz/K68vbdEjh4u" crossorigin="anonymous">
    <link rel="stylesheet" href="/static/css/index.css">
    {% block css %}
    {% endblock css %}
</head>
<body>

    <nav class="navbar navbar-inverse navbar-fixed-top">
      <div class="container-fluid">
        <div class="navbar-header">
          <button type="button" class="navbar-toggle collapsed" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#navbar" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="navbar">
            <span class="sr-only">Toggle navigation</span>
            <span class="icon-bar"></span>
            <span class="icon-bar"></span>
            <span class="icon-bar"></span>
          </button>
          <a class="navbar-brand" href="#">圖書管理系統</a>
        </div>
        <div id="navbar" class="navbar-collapse collapse">
          <ul class="nav navbar-nav navbar-right">
            <li><a href="#">Dashboard</a></li>
            <li><a href="#">Settings</a></li>
            <li><a href="#">Profile</a></li>
            <li><a href="#">Help</a></li>
          </ul>
          <form class="navbar-form navbar-right">
            <input type="text" class="form-control" placeholder="Search...">
          </form>
        </div>
      </div>
    </nav>

    <div class="container-fluid">
      <div class="row">
        <div class="col-sm-3 col-md-2 sidebar">
          <ul class="nav nav-sidebar">
          {% block nv%}
          {% endblock nv%}
          </ul>
        </div>
        <div class="col-sm-9 col-sm-offset-3 col-md-10 col-md-offset-2 main">
        {% block content %}
                <a href="#"><button class="btn btn-success">新增書籍</button></a>      #這里並不會顯示，需要使用{{bloack.supper}}
        {% endblock content %}
        </div>
      </div>
    </div>
    {% block js %}
    {% endblock js %}
</body>
</html>

修改book_list.html

{% extends "base.html" %}
{% block nv%}
    <li class="active"><a href="/app02/book_list/">圖書管理<span class="sr-only">(current)</span></a></li>
    <li><a href="/app02/publish_list/">出版社管理</a></li>
    <li><a href="/app02/author_list">作者管理</a></li>
{% endblock nv%}

{% block content %}
          <h2 class="sub-header">圖書列表</h2>
          {{block.super}}
          <div class="table-responsive">
            <table class="table table-striped">
              <thead>
                <tr>
                  <th>#</th>
                  <th>Header</th>
                  <th>Header</th>
                  <th>Header</th>
                  <th>Header</th>
                </tr>
              </thead>
              <tbody>
                <tr>
                  <td>1,001</td>
                  <td>Lorem</td>
                  <td>ipsum</td>
                  <td>dolor</td>
                  <td>sit</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td>1,002</td>
                  <td>amet</td>
                  <td>consectetur</td>
                  <td>adipiscing</td>
                  <td>elit</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td>1,003</td>
                  <td>Integer</td>
                  <td>nec</td>
                  <td>odio</td>
                  <td>Praesent</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td>1,003</td>
                  <td>libero</td>
                  <td>Sed</td>
                  <td>cursus</td>
                  <td>ante</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td>1,004</td>
                  <td>dapibus</td>
                  <td>diam</td>
                  <td>Sed</td>
                  <td>nisi</td>
                </tr>
              </tbody>
            </table>
          </div>
{% endblock content %}

訪問http://192.168.132.140:8888/app02/book_list/

待續

 


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